Question 1: Which official position was higher between Weng Wanda and Lin Daqin during the Ming Dynasty? Lin Daqin was awarded the Imperial Academy's Compilation and Writing (from the sixth grade) as the number one scholar. Within a few years, he resigned and went home to take care of his mother. His official career was very simple.
Although Weng Wanda was only a Jinshi, he became the Minister of the Ministry of War and the Imperial Envoy of the Metropolitan Inspectorate (the second rank) and made outstanding achievements.
Weng Wanda has a high official position and great achievements.
Question 2: Weng Wanda, whose courtesy name is Renfu, is from Jieyang. Please ask for translation. I translated this word by word. It is basically a literal translation. If the literal translation does not make sense, I used a free translation. Is there any translation? It’s a person’s name (can’t be translated, haha). To say something for myself, haha, I really put my heart into it. Hope this helps. Those who can learn ancient Chinese translation are good at it. Many stories of China's past were written in classical Chinese. Those who can understand ancient Chinese can read many good things about China, such as the history of various dynasties, biographies of celebrities, folklore, etc. I always say one thing every time I answer a question, that is, we must love reading and read more, because reading makes us happy, haha, come on.
Below is the translation.
Weng Wanda, whose courtesy name is Renfu, was born in Jieyang County. In the fifth year of Jiajing's reign, he won the imperial examination. He was awarded the official position of head of the household department. He was promoted to become a doctor, and then went to Wuzhou to become the magistrate there. Qiu Luan, the Marquis of Xianning, guarded the Guangdong and Guangxi areas and indulged his soldiers to harm the countryside. Wanda arrested and kidnapped the most arrogant person among them and beat him with a stick. After four years, the reputation and achievements have been outstanding. Just as the court was discussing the crusade against Annan, Wanda was promoted to deputy envoy to Guangxi to oversee Annan affairs. Wanda said to Governor Zhang Jing***:
"Mo Dengyong uttered arrogant words, 'China cannot even bring justice to the local officials from all over the country for their rebellion, so how can they try and punish me?'. Now because of Xiang Li Huan, a native of the prefecture, killed the native official Zhen in Xiangzhou; Lu Hui, a native of Si'en Prefecture, incited nine divisions to rebel; Zhao Kai, a native of Longzhou, killed Sui and Yuan, Cong's son, and colluded with Tian. Wei Ying, a native of the state, killed Sui's younger brother Bao, and Ding Fugu, the Duke of Yao in Duanteng Gorge. Nowadays, evil people from all sides are doing evil together. Once they collude, we will not be able to protect ourselves. Only when people asked them about their crimes did they go south to conquer Dengyong. "Zhang Jing said, "Yes, I can only do it according to your wishes." So he killed Li Huan and Ying, captured Lu Hui, and recalled Jiu. Si, seduced and killed Zhao Kai, and the people who pretended to judge Gongding deceived Gongding, captured them, and used two forces to destroy his lair. They also discussed that the Sidong should belong to Nanning, so that Dong Haohuang surrendered and became the wise prime minister. Dengyong began to be afraid. Wanda was also promoted to participate in politics on the right side of Zhejiang. Zhang Jing used Wanda to conquer Annan, so he left Wanda behind, and the emperor appointed him to participate in the administration of Guangxi. Later, Mao Bowen concentrated his troops into a department to suppress bandits. Wanda wrote to Bowen, saying: "The success of letting them stand up and proclaim themselves willing slaves is the best strategy. It will deter them from disobeying. The middle strategy (the better strategy) ). "Destroying them by force is always the worst strategy." Bowen agreed with this opinion. Just in time to capture Annan's spy (intelligence agent) Ding Nanjie, Wanda untied the rope that bound him, treated him favorably, sent him away, and used the power of the Celestial Empire to frighten him. Dengyong was very frightened and went to Bowen to pray for surrender.
In the 23rd year of Jiajing reign, he was promoted to the right deputy censor of the capital. He became the governor of Shaanxi, the right minister of the Ministry of War, and the censor of the capital of Youqian area. He acted on behalf of Governor Zhai Peng to declare military affairs in Da, Shanxi and Baoding. The impeachment removed Yonghe, the chief military officer of the Xuanfu, and Jiang, the deputy chief military officer, and recommended He Qing, Zhao Qing, and Shen Xiyi. Zhao Qing then replaced Dai Yong. Wanda observed each subordinate respectfully and decided rewards and punishments wisely. Every time when guarding against autumn, the soldiers are sent to take advantage of the obstacles, and the soldiers are sent to pour the oil on the oil, and those who are away from the scene are observed and the place is filled with Zhu. Those who have died will be tied up, and don't dare to leave again. Strict killings and prohibitions were imposed, and those who violated the rules were often killed. Those who have surrendered are comforted like family members, so that they can better understand the enemy's situation. Tens of thousands of enemy cavalry invaded the center of Datong and attacked the Tiezhuo Gate. Zhang Da, the original commander-in-chief, responded with all his strength and retreated them. The enemy invaded the Pigeon Valley again, and General Zhang Feng, Zhusheng Wang Bangzhi and others died on the battlefield. Wanda and the commander-in-chief Zhou Shangwenbei pretended to reconcile head-on, and sent cavalry on four guerrilla attacks, capturing many enemy soldiers.
The bandits occupied the top of the hill and retreated when they saw a large number of officers and soldiers attacking. After hearing about the incident, he was given a reward. He wrote many times to request the construction of a border wall, suggesting that it would cost 290,000 taels of silver from Yanghekou on the East Road of Datong to Xiyang River in Xuanfu. The emperor had already approved it, but the Ministry of War blocked his suggestion. They believed that Datong originally had two boundaries and should no longer build walls within the boundaries. The emperor did not give permission. Therefore, 128 miles of city walls, seven fortresses, and 154 piers were built from Datong East Road to Tiancheng, Yanghe, and Kaishankou; Xuanfu West Road to Xiyanghe, Ximalin, and Zhangjiakou Sixty-four miles of walls were built in various places, and ten were built to observe the enemy. The cliff was shoveled out of the fifty-mile slope. The work took more than fifty days to complete.
Question 3: Can you tell me what dynasty China was in in 1542? In the 21st year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1542)
A historical chronicle
Responding to the invaders in Shanxi
In the 20th year of Jiajing (1541), Anda sent envoys to Datong Yanghebao asked for tribute and mutual trade, but the Ming court did not allow it. Ida and Ji Nang then divided their forces and invaded. After the soldiers retreated, they sent envoys to Datong to ask for tribute and mutual trade. Long Da, the governor of Datong, bound his envoy and lied about capturing him through a trick. He issued an edict to the city, which made Antai furious. So in the summer of the 21st year of Jiajing, in June, they gathered Qingtai Ji, Cursed Ha, Ha Ci Han and Datong interrogator Gao Huaizhi, Li Tianzhang and others each led tens of thousands of troops. They divided their forces to plunder Shuozhou, arrived at Guangwu, and moved south from Taiyuan. Qin and Fen returned to the north of Xin and Nao and garrisoned Qi County. I answer that the elite soldiers wear iron pagodas, have armor on their horses, and have sharp swords. The officials look at them in fear and dare not fight. I replied that all the soldiers then passed through Shuozhou to break Yanmen Pass, and plundered the area south of Taiyuan, and the capital was surrounded.
Ida killed and plundered Shanxi
In the autumn and July of the 21st year of Jiajing (1542), Ida led his army across Taiyuan and went south, setting up camps east and west of Fenshui, and went out to plunder Lu. An and Pingyang counties. Return to Taiyuan and head north, plundering Dingnang, Wutai and Yuxian respectively, leaving Fanzhi, Lingqiu and Guangchang from Daizhou, exiting Guangwu, and slowly passing through Datong Zuowei and Yanghe fortress. I replied that from the time when Dingyou entered the fortress in June to the time when he left the border in July, he successively plundered ten guards and thirty-eight prefectures and counties, killing about 200,000 men and women, plundering 2 million cattle, horses, sheep and hogs, and burning the officials, soldiers and civilians. They abandoned more than 80,000 areas and trampled hundreds of thousands of hectares of fields.
The Dagaoyuan Hall (for worshiping the gods) was completed, and the "real person" Tao Zhongwen was used to build the Thunder Altar, which cost a lot of money. Xia Yan was dismissed because he "deceived and slandered your Majesty". Yan Song entered the pavilion, and Song was good at writing "Qingci" (articles for worshiping and telling the gods), which was appreciated by Emperor Shizong. Liu Guan, Lu Hui and others from Si'en in Guangxi rebelled against them for nearly three years, but were finally defeated by Weng Wanda and others. The people of Qiongzhou, Guangdong, resisted and were defeated by Zhang Jing and others.
2. Cultural Chronicle
Death of Lu
Lu (1479-1542), named Zhongmu and Jingye, was a native of Gaoling, Shaanxi. In the third year of Zhengde's reign (1508), he ranked first in Jinshi and was awarded the title of Compilation and Compilation. Liu Jin was castrated for disobedience and resigned from office. Jin Zhu was reinstated. When Shizong came to the throne, he discussed the "great ceremony" because Zhang Cong and Gui Cai disagreed, so he issued an imperial edict and banished the judge of Jiezhou. Later, Lei moved to Guozi to offer wine, and was promoted to the right minister of the Nanjing Ministry of Rites, where he was assigned to the Ministry of Officials. On July 11, the 18th year of Jiajing's reign (1539), Chen became an official. He died on July 1, the 21st year of Jiajing's reign, and was posthumously given a posthumous slip by the Minister of Rites and Wen Jian. Cheng Zhu, the scholar, focused on the practice of theory and practice, focusing on practice rather than metaphysics. He was well-known in North Korea and held the lectures together with Zhan Ruoshui and Zou Shouyi. He wrote extensively, including "Book of Changes", "Shang Shu Yao", "Preface to Mao's Poems", "Internal and External Chapters on Liwen", "Chunqiu Chronicles", "Four Books on Questions", "Historical Yue", "Primary School" "Interpretation", "Notes of the Four Sons of the Song Dynasty", "Illustrated Interpretations of the Cold and Heat Sutra", "Historical Museum Collection", "Southern Province of Qin", "Jingye Poems and Essays", etc.
3. Miscellaneous anecdotes
The punishment of the Dingjing army for being off duty
On February 28, the twenty-first year of Jiajing (1542), the admiral regiment Zhu Xizhong, the Duke of Yingcheng, said that many officers and soldiers were off duty and begged to be punished. The superior ordered the subordinates to discuss it in detail, and said that there were many officers and soldiers off duty, so this guard was the only one who cheated when he was free. It was common for officials of all sizes in the camp to accept bribes and get released. Then the Ministry of War considered the old rules and asked the officials of the General's Guards Station to check the amount of the deficit and punish it accordingly. The edict is carried out as discussed.
Stop the border generals to support Lian Tian
On February 29, the 21st year of Jiajing (1542), the Ministry of Household Affairs reported that Fan Shuyan, the governor of Ningxia, the border town general, this dynasty In the early days, there was no system for providing farmland to support honest people. The remaining army and farmland in border towns each had their own quota, and there was no surplus to give to the generals. Since then, Guo Xun, the Marquis of Wuding, has given farmland to the generals to cultivate, appointed treacherous soldiers as village heads, asked for seeds and cattle tools, and sent plows and hoeers, causing untold harm. Today, there are more than five hectares of farmland in Ningxia Zhenzhuang. Those who are allocated to the generals, generals, and guerrilla officials should still return it to the army and the people for farming. According to the imperial edict, the fields belonging to the leftovers who were reclaimed by the army should be returned according to the plan; the prisoners under the barrier should be able to cultivate their own fields and be allowed to cultivate them.
The royal family donated the construction costs of the Ancestral Temple
In April of the 21st year of Jiajing (1542), the King of Qin raised 10,000 taels of silver, and the King of Zhou and other clans raised 6,000 taels of silver to finance the repair of the Ancestral Temple. Labor costs.
Mao Bowen affirmed the Constitution
On April 27, the 21st year of Jiajing (1542), Mao Bowen, who took charge of the Procuratorate, affirmed eight points in the Constitution: torture is prohibited, impeachment should be done with caution, Get rid of harassment, punish the powerful, eliminate red tape, clarify duties, be upright, and prepare for two things. Shizong Jiagang, Chen Yunxing.
Xia Yan, the great scholar of Le University, stayed idle
Xia Yan, the first assistant, resigned and returned to the post again and again, but the emperor blamed him for being disobedient and neglectful, and his favor had been transferred. On June 2, the 21st year of the Jiajing reign (1542), Emperor Shizong issued a handwritten order to the Imperial Procuratorate, listing Xia Yan's crimes, saying that he wanted to change the Empress Dowager's Ciqing Palace into the Prince's East Palace; ride in a sedan chair to the West Garden; and refused to wear the Taoist scarf given to him. ; Luo Zhi and Guo Xun were imprisoned; important military affairs were dealt with by one's own family, etc. On July 1st, the edict...gt;gt;
Question 4: Who are the seven first sages of Chaozhou? The eight sages before and after Chaozhou and the seven sages before and after Chaozhou, specific characters Who is it and from which dynasty?
The administrative domain of the Chaoshan area was called Chaozhou Prefecture. At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Chaozhou Prefecture governed: Haiyang, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping, Chengxiang (now Meizhou), Huilai, Dabu, Ping 11 counties including Yuan, Chenghai, Puning, Zhenping (now Jiaoling). After the Tang and Song Dynasties, culture prospered and talented people emerged in large numbers. In the Ming Dynasty, magi became the most prosperous because of the imperial examinations. In the first year of Chongzhen (AD 1628), there were as many as eight Jinshi from all Chaozhou imperial examinations in the Wuchen Section. They were known as the "Eight Wuchen Sages" in Chaozhou. This was unprecedented and unprecedented in the history of Chaozhou Prefecture's imperial examinations. This grand event is evidenced by the stone inscription "Shengshi Yuankaifang" (commonly known as the "Eight Sages Pavilion") on Fucheng Street in Chaozhou, which is engraved with the names of the Eight Sages (unfortunately, the pavilion has been destroyed!).
These eight sages (also known as the "Later Eight Sages") include:
Gu Chaojian - a native of Jieyang, "Chaozhou Prefecture? Biography" records that his hometown is Haiyang , his academic status belongs to Jieyang and he should be admitted (the "Election Form" lists him as a Jieyang native), and he was appointed as Taichang Shaoqing by the Ministry of Household Affairs;
Guo Zhiqi - a Jieyang native, an official and a good scholar, He studied in Fujian and became a minister of the Ministry of Rites;
Huang Qiyu - a native of Jieyang, edited by Guan Hanlin, and served as a minister of the Ministry of Rites and Military Affairs;
Song Zhao - a native of Jieyang , the county magistrate of Guan Renhe;
Li Shichun - a native of Chengxiang, the county magistrate of Woyicheng, Guanqu, was selected as editor of the Hanlin Academy, and served as the minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs;
Liang Yinglong - Raoping native, official Fujian Councilor;
Yang Rensi - Raoping native, official Qinshui County Magistrate;
Chen Suoxian - Puning native, official Baoding Prefecture recommended official .
In addition, Lin Mingqiu, a Jinshi who was originally from Zhangpu, Fujian, and settled in Puning, became a naturalized student in Puning after he passed the exam. He is known as the "Nine Wise Men in Wuchen".
Previously, in the 23rd year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (AD 1544), there had been a grand event in Jiachenke where seven sages were ranked No. 〃) First, in order to demonstrate the long-lasting prosperity of Chaoshan culture and standardize the interpretation, the Wenlin sages traced back to the Tang Dynasty when Han Yu established a government school, starting with the local sage Zhao De as the professor, so there are the first eight sages, the latter Eight Sages.
The previous eight sages were:
Zhao De - Haiyang native, (Tang) Daizong Dali thirteen years (AD 778), Wuwu Branch Jinshi, awarded the promotion officer;
Xu Shen - Chaoyang native, (Song Dynasty) Zhenzong Dazhong Xiangfu three years (AD 1016) Gengxu Ke, first selected as virtuous and upright, in response to the imperial edict, he was ranked first as a Jinshi, and was a doctor in the Ministry of Government and Industry , transshipment envoy of Jiangnan East Road, doctor of the Ministry of Punishment;
Lin Xun - Haiyang native, (Song Dynasty) Renzong Tiansheng fifth year (AD 1027) Ding Maozheng played the second A, the countermeasures were disobedient to the powerful, but record. Hougu Guan wrote a book about affairs, Renzong differed from it, and granted him the title of Xuzhou Yicao. After abandoning his official position, he returned to the south to study Yi and wrote "Yi Fan";
Lu Tong - a native of Haiyang, (Song Dynasty), in the fifth year of Emperor Renzong (1053 AD), Gui Ji Te played Jinshi. Official Prince Zhongshe;
Liu Yun - Haiyang native, (Song Dynasty) Zhezong Shaosheng four years (AD 1097) Ding Chou was playing the third-level Jinshi, and he was appointed as an official in Meizhou and managed Huazhou;
Zhang Kui - a native of Raoping, (Song Dynasty) Huizong Zhenghe eight years (AD 1118), the Fourth Jia Jinshi, official Lianzhou judge, Xinzhou magistrate;
Wang Dabao--a native of Haiyang, (Southern Song Dynasty), the second year of Jianyan of Emperor Gaozong (1128 AD), the first and second place in Wujia Zhengzheng, and the official minister of the Ministry of Rites;
Wu Fufu--a native of Jieyang, [He was a native of Haiyang during his lifetime. After his death, in the eighth year of Shaoxing (1138 AD), the three townships of Yongning, Yande and Chongyi in Haiyang were demolished and resettled in Jieyang County. Wu's birthplace, Pengzhou, belonged to Jieyang, so the Qing Dynasty According to official records and county annals, he was a native of Jieyang, a reclusive sage who abandoned his home and built a nunnery in the Matian Mountains of Chaoyang during the Xining period (AD 1068-1077) of Emperor Shen Zong of the Song Dynasty.
These eight sages range from Zhao De, who ascended the throne in the 13th year of Dali (778) of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty, to Wang Dabao, who ascended the throne in the second year of Jianyan (1128), Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty. Their span spans the Tang and Song dynasties. The two dynasties were also sandwiched between the next five dynasties: Liang, Tang, Jin, Han, and Zhou. They were seven dynasties apart for more than 350 years. Wise men were so rare at that time that they could be described as "rare and rare". The last eight sages are the eight sages who have been on the gold list in the same subject, which is evidence of the rapid cultural development of Chaoshan.
As for the "Eight Sages" being renamed as the "Seven Sages", it is because Chengxiang County, to which Chaozhou belongs, was renamed under the jurisdiction of Jiaying Prefecture (today's Meizhou City) in the 10th year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty (1173 AD).. ....gt;gt;
Question 5: What are the main contributions of the historical celebrity Lin Daqin? Lin Daqin (1511-1545) was the number one scholar in the Renchen family in Jiajing, Ming Dynasty. The courtesy name is Jingfu and the nickname is Dongpu. Xiandu Village, Dongpudu, Haiyang County, Chaozhou Prefecture (now Xiandu Village, Jinshi Town, Chaoan District, Chaozhou City). He grew up in a poor family and was smart and eager to learn. He won the first prize in 1532. He was awarded the title of compilation by Hanlin Academy. He returned home as an old mother and begged, and set up a lecture hall at Huayan Mountain in Sangpu, where he taught the Six Classics and the purpose of life with his fellow villagers. His mother died in 1540, and he became seriously ill due to excessive grief. In 1545, his mother was buried at the foot of Sangpu Mountain and died of illness on the way home.
Lin Daqin was the only liberal arts champion in the feudal dynasty in Chaoshan history. His academic thoughts were mainly based on the Wang Yangming theory that was popular at the time. Later generations collected his works during his lifetime into the "Collected Works of Mr. Dongpu", and Huang Ting, a Chaozhou scholar, supplemented and compiled them into the "Collected Works of Lin Daqin".
Lin Daqin has a large number of legends and stories in the Chaoshan area, and many Chaoshan idioms are also related to him. His Toad Palace has won laurels, setting a good example for generations of Chaoshan students to work hard.
Lin Daqin spared no effort in promoting Taoism. Whether in lectures or in discussions and research with friends, he tried his best to advocate and explain it, so that the old Confucian students would not be confused by the Buddha and the elders. Moreover, he also wholeheartedly praised his mother, saying that she "does not burn incense for blessings, does not make offerings for blessings, has a calm mind and is easy to do, and is a member of the enlightenment sect and is among the people." This trend is prevalent in the superstition of Buddhas and elders. In the context of the whole country, it does have certain progressive significance.
[2]
The era when Lin Daqin lived was the period when Wang Yangming’s philosophy of mind began to flourish and developed to rival Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism. Many celebrities from all over Chaozhou were prominent officials, such as Xue Kan’s family, Yang Brothers Ji, Chen Mingde, Chen Siqian, and even the famous Weng Wanda are all admirers of Yangming's philosophy of mind. Wang Yangming once said bluntly, "No one can be ahead of the trend of the rise of gay people in China." Lin Daqin was close friends with most of these scholars, and they often discussed their inner learnings. He was deeply influenced by Yangming's theory. In fact, when he went to Beijing to take the exam, he had already attended a gathering of more than 40 Wangmen scholars. Later, there was a resurgence in teaching, and what he taught was Yangming Xinxue. "Hua Yan Lectures" is his lecture notes and a masterpiece of his mind study.
In the article "Hua Yan Lectures", the central content of Lin Daqin's discussion is all about the heart and the Tao. This is the core of the mind and is the first issue that scholars who study the mind must understand. He clearly pointed out: "Every sage must first understand this mind before entering into studies." Lin Daqin believed that "this mind is vast and empty, and has no choice, love, or evil." "This mind is mysterious and unique, and has its own order." This is obviously different from the previous proposition of distinguishing between good and evil temperament, and between "the heart of no desire for right and wrong" and the "heart of worldly feelings" (this proposition is just like Zhu Xi's distinction between "Tao heart" and "human heart"). In principle, difference. Although there is a difference between "wandering mind" and "righteous mind" in the article, he limits this difference to the premise that "wandering mind is right mind". The difference is only in terms of physical movement and stillness. As the so-called mind body is originally "If you are still and still, you will be able to understand it": "If the heart moves, it will be delusional. If it does not move, how can it be delusional"? In other words, when the delusional mind is restored to immobility, there will be no good or evil, and it is a "righteous mind." Therefore, "The heart has no desires at all, and it takes delusions as desires; the heart has no delusions at all, and when it sees desires it becomes delusions." However, the Great Lord, things will come to you."
Huang Ting, a Chaozhou scholar, has repeatedly pointed out: Lin Daqin’s “discussions in Lectures are based on Yangming’s theory”; "Ming", "Even the terminology was moved from Wang Yangming." In Wang Yangming's view, everyone has a conscience, so the practice method of "leading to conscience" should naturally be simple. Lin Daqin also emphasized this theory of conscience when emphasizing the important role of reading and reasoning in "Huayan Lectures": "All sages must know that my Tao originates from their own hearts, and it is self-sustaining"; "A hundred words of sages are the same in different generations. "Fu"; "The way of Yao, Shun, Confucius and Yan was originally the natural heart of foolish men and women." In this spirit, he repeatedly emphasized the practice of simplicity in his letters to his friends: "The most profound and simple way of husband's life cannot be sought from outside." ". "The nature of simplicity does not fall short of imagination." He refuted the misunderstanding of "no need to read" due to the simplicity of the main text. Those who are tired will be tired of studying."
Lin Daqin’s discussion still exerts some influence on Yangming’s theory. In particular, it is said in "Lectures on Purposes": "The teachings of sages throughout the ages are true and fair, and they come from our own minds. For example, Yao said Zhizhong, Wen said Jixi, Confucius said Yiguan, Yan said Boyue, and Zeng said Zhi Goodness is called Mingcheng by Si, good by nature by Mencius, non-desire by Zhou, and fixed nature by Cheng." Lin Daqin also analyzed that everyone has heard these theories and can teach them, but if "you don't understand their meaning, you can't understand them." "Not in the heart", just...gt;gt;
Question 6: It should be unclear whether Weng's ancestors were emperors.
There are three sources of the surname Weng:
1. It comes from the surname Ji during the Zhou Dynasty. Belongs to the descendants of King Zhao of the Western Zhou Dynasty. According to legend, when King Zhao of Zhou's
son was born, his hands were tightly clasped and no one else could break them apart. King Zhao of Zhou tried to break them
but his hands were open. I saw that the pattern on his youngest son's left palm looked like the character "公" in seal script, and the pattern on his right hand looked like the character "窭" in seal script. King Zhou Zhao then named his youngest son "Weng". Weng's descendants also use Weng as their surname.
2 According to historical records, the concubine of King Zhao of Zhou ate food in Wengshan (in the east of today's Dinghai County, Zhejiang Province
, and is also said to be from Wengyuan County, Guangdong Province). His descendants later took the town name as their surname, and they inherited it from generation to generation, forming the Weng surname.
3 In the early days of the ancient Xia Dynasty, when he was the king of Xia, there was a noble named Weng Nanyi. According to legend
he was the oldest ancestor of the surname Weng.
Examples:
- Sui Dynasty
Fu Qiao Yuanyan Liu Shu Li Yuantong
- Tang Dynasty
Du Ruhui Li Jing, Li Shiji, Hou Junji, Yao Yuanchong, Guo Ziyi, Liu Gongchuo, Lu Qi, Cui Hanheng
- Song Dynasty
Zhuang Xia, Zhang Shixun, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Shu, Zhang Qixian, You Wenwen Yu
- Ming Dynasty Chao
Yu Qian
Xia Yan
Hu Zongxian
Ding Rukui
Kuang
Shi Xing
Wang Zaijin
Cui Chengxiu
Yuan Chonghuan
Liang Tingdong
Zhang Heming
Yang Sichang
Hong Chengchou
Sun Chuanting
Chen Xinjia
Zhang Jinyan
Shi Kefa
Weng Wanda
p>Yang Bo
Wang Yue
Sun Chengzong
- In the Qing Dynasty, the ministers of the Ministry of War were divided into Manchus and Hans, with a total of 122 Manchu and Mongolian bannermen. There are 115 people who are ministers *** Shangshu
Famous ones include:
Mingzhu
Yao Qisheng
Ji Xiaolan
and
Bright
Chen Fuen
Question 8: I have a ringworm on my leg. It has been there for many years and I don’t feel anything. What is it? 5 points In the second year of Tianping (535), Gao Huan suppressed Liu Li's uprising in the Bing and Fen areas. During the Xiaochang period (525-527), affected by the Six Towns Uprising, the Jihu people living in the vast mountainous areas to the west of Lishi (now Lishi, Shanxi) and east of Anding (now Jingchuan, Gansu) could not bear the oppression of the Communists. , an uprising was held under the leadership of Liu Lisheng. Liu Lisheng proclaimed himself emperor and established political power in the Yunyang Valley area of ??Fenzhou. Liu Lisheng's growing strength posed a serious threat to Gao Huan, who was based in Bingfen. Gao Huan sent heavy troops to attack three times, even resorting to deception, and finally defeated the rebels. Liu Lisheng was killed, and more than 50,000 Hu *** households were captured by Gao Huan.
Shortly after Emperor Xiaowu of Wei fled to Chang'an, he had a conflict with Yuwentai and was poisoned to death. Yuwentai changed the name of Yuanbaoju to the throne, and became Emperor Wen of the Western Wei Dynasty. Yuwentai controlled power with his position as prime minister. Compared with the Eastern Wei, the Western Wei Dynasty was at an obvious disadvantage in terms of economic and military strength. After Gao Huan established the Eastern Wei Dynasty, he was determined to destroy the Western Wei Dynasty and unify the north, and began to frequently send troops to the west. In the first month of the third year of Tianping (536), Gao Huan personally led 10,000 cavalry to attack Xiazhou (now south of Wushen Banner in Inner Mongolia) of the Western Wei Dynasty, forcing the surrender of his governor Huba Omitu. Soon, Gao Huan sent troops to rescue Cao Ni, the governor of Lingzhou in the Western Wei Dynasty, and Liu Feng, the governor of Liangzhou, who were preparing to surrender, to the Eastern Wei Dynasty. During the two wars, Gao Huan's army captured more than 10,000 households in the Western Wei Dynasty.
The second year of Datong in the Western Wei Dynasty (the third year of Tianping in the Eastern Wei Dynasty) was a great disaster year in the Guanzhong area. "People ate each other, and sixty-eight people died" (Volume 157 of "Zizhi Tongjian"). Gao Huan took advantage of this favorable situation and launched a massive attack on Yuwentai at the end of that year. He used the Governor Dou Tai to rush to Tongguan, used Situ Cao Ang to outflank Lantian, and personally led the main force into Tun Pu Ban.
In the first month of the following year, Yuwentai seized on the weakness of the Eastern Wei army's pride and underestimated the enemy, and sneaked out of Xiaoguan to raid Dou Tai. The Eastern Wei army that attacked Tongguan was unprepared, and the entire army was wiped out. Dou Tai was defeated and committed suicide. When Gao Huan heard the news of Dou Tai's defeat, he hurriedly demolished the pontoon bridge built to cross the river, withdrew his troops and returned. Soon Gao Gao was seriously injured and returned to the Eastern Wei Dynasty.
In September of the fourth year of Tianping (537), Gao Huan was unwilling to accept the failure of Xiaoguan and chose the opportunity of Yuwen Taidong to leave Tongguan and go to Hengnong (now north of Lingbao, Henan) to "find the valley". He sent Gao Gao to besiege Hengnong and cut off Yu Wentai's return route. On the one hand, he personally led an army of 100,000 from Pujin (today's west of Yongji, Shanxi) to the west, crossed the Yellow River and Luoshui, and stationed troops in Xu Yuan, preparing to capture Chang'an in one fell swoop. , eliminate the Western Wei regime. However, Gao Huan did not expect that Yuwentai would soon get rid of his high spirits, lead his troops into the pass, cross the Wei River with light cavalry, and hide the army in the Weiqu Sand Garden (now Dali South, Shaanxi Province). Gao Huan's generals were unfamiliar with the geographical environment, were paralyzed, underestimated the enemy, and lacked discipline. As a result, 200,000 men were defeated by less than 10,000 Western Wei troops. This battle was the most disastrous defeat in the history of Gao Huan's army. The entire army suffered more than 80,000 casualties, and more than 180,000 pieces of weapons and armor were lost.
After the Battle of Shayuan, Yuwentai's rule in the Longshang area of ????Guanzhong was further consolidated. Gao Huan gradually lost his strategic advantage over the Western Wei Dynasty, and it was difficult to achieve the goal of unifying the north with the power of the Eastern Wei Dynasty. The confrontation between East and West Wei was formally formed.
After Gao Huan withdrew, the Western Wei Dynasty took advantage of the victory and captured Puban and Jinyong City in Luoyang. In July of the first year of Yuanxiang (538), Gao Huan learned that Emperor Yuwentai and Emperor Wen of Wei were coming to Luoyang to pay homage to the garden tomb, so he ordered Hou Jing and Gao Gao to lead an army to counterattack Jinyong City, and he personally led the army as the successor force. Yuwentai personally came to rescue the Western Wei army defending the city, but was defeated by Hou Jing at Heqiao (southwest of Meng County, Henan Province today) and was almost captured. However, the Western Wei army arrived in time and turned defeat into victory. Gao Gao's entire army was wiped out and he was killed by the pursuers. In the Battle of Heqiao, more than 15,000 Eastern Wei soldiers were captured, and nearly 10,000 people fell into the water and died.
Gao Huan was defeated in several battles with the Western Wei Dynasty. The specific reasons varied from war to war, but they were all secondary reasons. Gradual political corruption, official corruption became common, and the continuous intensification of class and ethnic conflicts in the Eastern Wei Dynasty were the fundamental reasons for this result.
At the beginning of the founding of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Gao Huan also wanted to clear up the corrupt officialdom that had become rampant in the late Northern Wei Dynasty. In the second year of Tianping (535), he stipulated salary standards for all civil and military officials in Yecheng, and sent people to inspect the law enforcement of officials in various states, counties and counties. However, the Xianbei dignitaries who started their careers with Gao Huan ignored the ban and continued to engage in corruption wantonly, leaving Gao Huan helpless. There was a Xingtai doctor named Du Bi who couldn't bear it anymore and asked Gao Huan to punish corrupt officials. Gao Huan told him the truth: "The culture of corruption in official circles has been around for a long time. Many military generals were tempted by Yu Wentai because their families were in Guanzhong, and their fate was undecided. Xiao Yan from Jiangnan specializes in the ritual and music system. It has great appeal to Han scholar-bureaucrats. If I put too much emphasis on them...gt;gt;