The top ten gardens in China include the Old Summer Palace in Beijing, Jichang Garden in Wuxi, Qiyuan Garden in Zhejiang, Qinghui Garden in Guangdong, Master of the Nets Garden in Suzhou, Summer Palace in Beijing, Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou, Yuyuan Garden in Shanghai, Ancient Lotus Pond in Beijing, Jiangsu Geyuan.
1. The Summer Palace is located in Haidian District in northwest Beijing. It is the most complete and largest royal garden in my country. It is also one of the world's famous tourist attractions and one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
The Summer Palace was originally the palace and garden of the emperor. In 1750 AD, Qianlong rebuilt it here as Qingyi Garden. In 1860, Qingyi Garden was burned down by the British and French forces. In 1888, the Empress Dowager Cixi misappropriated 30 million taels of silver from the Navy to rebuild it and renamed it as a summer recreation spot. By 1900, the Summer Palace was destroyed by the "Eight-Power Allied Forces" and many buildings were burned down. Restored in 1903. Later, it was destroyed again during the rule of warlords and the Kuomintang. After liberation, it was continuously repaired and restored, making this ancient garden rejuvenated.
The Summer Palace covers an area of ??290 hectares (4350 acres), of which water accounts for about 3/4. The entire garden is centered on the 41-meter-high Buddhist Incense Pavilion on Wanshou Mountain. According to different locations and terrains, exquisite buildings such as halls, halls, buildings, pavilions, corridors, and pavilions are arranged. A 728-meter-long promenade was built at the foot of the mountain, which is like a colorful line connecting various buildings, green mountains, and blue waves. The entire garden art is ingeniously conceived and has a prominent position in the history of Chinese and foreign garden art. It is a rare masterpiece of garden art in the world.
The Summer Palace is mainly composed of Kunming Lake and Wanshou Mountain. The total area is more than 290 hectares. The Buddhist Incense Pavilion and Bronze Pavilion built on the Wanshou Mountain, the kilometer-long gallery built by the lake, the Seventeen-hole Bridge and the Stone Boat in Kunming Lake are all must-see attractions for tourists. The Summer Palace is located in the western suburbs of Beijing, about 10 kilometers away from the city. You can either take a suburban bus or a dedicated tour bus.
Several features of the Summer Palace garden art:
This huge garden is surrounded by mountains and water, and Kunming Lake accounts for about 3/4 of the entire garden area. But its water surface is not monotonous. In addition to various buildings dotted around the lake, there is a Nanhu Island in the lake, which is connected to the shore by a beautiful seventeen-hole bridge. In the west of the lake, there is a west embankment with six beautiful bridges built on it. There are many scenic spots in the Summer Palace that imitate some of the advantages of Jiangnan gardens. For example, the Garden of Harmonious Interests is modeled after the Jichang Garden in Wuxi. The West Causeway is modeled after the Su Causeway of West Lake in Hangzhou.
In the middle of the front mountain of the Summer Palace, there is a group of huge buildings. From the Sea of ??Wisdom on the top of the mountain, down to the Pavilion of Buddhist Incense, the Hall of Dehui, the Hall of Paiyun, the Gate of Paiyun, and the Yunhui Yuyufang. form an obvious central axis. On both sides of the central axis, there are many supporting buildings. Going down the mountain, there are many rockery tunnels where tourists can go up and down. The design pattern of the back hill of the Summer Palace is completely different from that of the front hill. The style of the front mountain is grand and magnificent, while the back mountain is famous for its pine forest paths and small bridges over meandering water.
The gate of the Summer Palace is called the East Palace Gate. A group of buildings centered on the Renshou Hall in the East Gate was the political activity area at that time. Renshou Hall, formerly known as Qinzheng Hall, was the main hall where the emperor sat in court and listened to government affairs. Cixi and Guangxu summoned ministers here many times and received foreign envoys. The original furnishings from the Qing Dynasty are still preserved in the central part. The bronze dragons, bronze phoenixes, bronze tripods, etc. displayed in front of the exhibition are all exquisitely carved. To the north of Renshou Hall, there is a group of theater buildings. There are various ancient architectural forms including Dehe Garden and Summer Palace. In the Summer Palace, almost all ancient architectural forms are concentrated, including pavilions, pavilions, halls, pavilions, pagodas and bridges. In addition to wooden buildings, there are also copper castings, stone masonry, glass inlays, etc. The main buildings are: Foxiang Pavilion, 41 meters high. It is built on a 20-meter-high stone platform and is magnificent. It is said that this huge building was burned down by the British and French forces and was rebuilt in 1891 at a cost of 780,000 taels of silver. It is the largest engineering project in the Summer Palace. Climbing up to the Buddhist Incense Pavilion, you can have a panoramic view of dozens of miles around.
Paiyun Hall is the most magnificent palace-style building complex in Qianshan. It is the place where Cixi received congratulations on her birthday in the garden. The corridor has 273 rooms and a total length of 728 meters. It is adjacent to Wanshou Mountain in the north and Kunming Lake in the south. Walking on the promenade, you can enjoy the scenery of the lake and mountains, and each beam of the promenade is painted with colorful paintings for viewing.
The Hall of Renshou was the place where Cixi and Guangxu met with ministers when they lived in the Summer Palace. Many valuable cultural relics are displayed in the hall. Leshou Hall is where Cixi lived in the garden.
The interior furnishings basically maintain their original appearance. Several precious magnolias were planted in the courtyard and dotted with a huge rock called Qingzhixiu.
The Seventeen-hole Bridge, 150 meters long and 8 meters wide, is the largest bridge in the park. The shape of the bridge is beautiful. It connects Nanhu Island to the west and Langruting to the east. It is not only the only access to Nanhu Island, but also an important scenic spot in the lake area. There are more than 3,000 various buildings in the Summer Palace. When visiting the Summer Palace, in addition to the gardens, viewing various ancient buildings is also an important part.
2. The Humble Administrator’s Garden is one of the Suzhou gardens and the most famous one. Covering an area of ??5 hectares, there are Yuanxiang Hall, Xiangzhou, Eighteen Mandala Flower Pavilion, Zhouliu Yuanyang Pavilion and Liuting Pavilion. The Humble Administrator's Garden was built during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty. The landscape of the Humble Administrator's Garden pays equal attention to mountains and rivers. The water surface accounts for three-fifths of the whole garden. The overall layout is also centered on the pool. All kinds of buildings stand near the water, and the pavilions, trees and pavilions are reflected in the water. Reflect each other. The Humble Administrator's Garden is divided into three parts: east, west and middle. The middle part is the main part and the name Humble Administrator's Garden has always been used. In the garden, the first thing that catches the eye is a bay of water with a winding shoreline, and sycamores and ancient cypresses standing on the shore. A wooden bridge spans the pool, leading directly to Yuanxiang Hall. Standing on the bridge and looking around, the scenery in the garden is vivid. To the southeast is the rockery screen peak inside the waist gate. To the east of the rockery is an undulating cloud wall, with pavilions and eaves protruding out of the wall. To the southwest is a corridor. Looking along the corridor, there are curved bridges and pavilions. , high pavilion, distant trees, distant scenery, overlapping layers, strong sense of depth. The corridor twists and turns and stretches to the north, connecting with Yiyuxuan on the northwest side of Yuanxiang Hall. Yiyuxuan and Yuanxiangtang stand side by side, backed by lush hills, which further highlights their splendor. It’s like being in a painting!
The Yuanxiang Hall stands on a low bluestone platform and is surrounded by corridors. The four walls of the hall are all long glass windows that allow you to enjoy different views from all four sides, so it is also called the Four-sided Hall. . Behind the Yuanxiang Hall is an open platform. The platform is connected to Yiyuxuan in the west and a lake in the north. The lake is planted with lotus flowers. Every summer, the fragrance of lotus is overflowing. On the clear water in the north of the platform, there are two piles of earth and rocks. Each island has a pavilion hidden among the flowers and trees. Looking to the west, there is a small, low, flat island connected to the hill in the center of the lake. There is an octagonal pavilion built on the island with a plaque inscribed "Lotus Breeze Surrounds". The Yuanxiang Hall, Yiyuxuan, Hefeng Simen Pavilion, Xuexiangyunwei Pavilion, Daishuang Pavilion, Wuzhu Youju Pavilion and Xiuqi Pavilion form an open scenic area that stretches far and wide and corresponds to each other. These buildings with different styles are integrated with the surrounding dense trees, the winding pool bank, the clear water, and the rippling reflections, giving it a strong Jiangnan water town charm. Jianshan Tower is named because you can see the earth mountain in the garden when you climb the tower. The short corridor in the west of the building is connected to Yiyuxuan. Going out of the pavilion to the south, there is a bridge named "Xiao Feihong". There is a corridor on the bridge, which is the only covered bridge in Suzhou gardens.
Xiangzhou is a group of beautiful buildings. The highest point in the west is a two-story pavilion called Chengguan Tower. To the east is a tea pavilion with three hollow sides. A lower connecting part between Chengguan Tower and the tea pavilion is the main hall Xiangzhou. Xiangzhou is surrounded by pools of water on three sides. From the north, it looks like a moored sailboat. In Chinese classical gardens, it is not uncommon to use boats as themes for landscaping, such as the stone boats in the Summer Palace in Beijing and the Lion Grove in Suzhou. However, the Xiangzhou scene in the Humble Administrator's Garden was treated with a freehand technique, and the value lies in the balance between likeness and non-likeness. The Eighteen Mandala Flower Pavilion and the Six-State Mandarin Duck Pavilion are the main buildings in the western part of the Humble Administrator's Garden. This building has ear chambers at the four corners, and a glass screen carved from ginkgo wood in the middle divides the entire hall into two. To the south is the Mandala Flower Pavilion, and to the north is the Zhou Liuyuanyang Pavilion. In the past, this was the place where the owner of the garden held banquets and watched Kunqu opera. To the east of the pavilion there are two pavilions with six corners. From the pavilion, you can overlook the scenery of the middle, west and two gardens. At the same time, you can also see the adjacent flower shadows, winding corridors, pools and rocks one by one, hence the name. There is an octagonal tower shadow pavilion in the south of the pavilion. This pavilion is built in the center of the pool, and its shadow is reflected in the water like a pavilion or a tower.
The Liuting Pavilion is located in the northwest of the Thirty-Six Yuanyang Pavilion. The pavilion has a nanmu floor cover carved into a cloud and dragon pattern and a screw-carved lacquer screen. The carvings are extremely exquisite. The northern half of the West Garden is surrounded by an island. There are various types of garden buildings on the island, such as Fucui Pavilion, Sitting with Whom Pavilion, Reflection Tower, and Wave Corridor. The scenery is rich and colorful.
3. Master of the Nets Garden is located in Shiquan Street in the south of Suzhou City, covering an area of ??only 0.54 hectares. It was built in the Southern Song Dynasty and was the "Wanjuan Hall" of Yangzhou scholar Shi Zhengzhi, a book collector and official in the Song Dynasty. The former site and garden are called "Yuyin".
During the Qianlong period, Song Zongyuan, a retired Shaoqing of Guanglu Temple, built the garden. Because it faced Wangsi Alley (now Kuo Street Alley), the garden was named "Master of the Nets Garden" with a homophonic pronunciation. Net master means fisherman or fisherman, and it also agrees with "Yuyin", which means living in seclusion in the rivers and lakes. Qian Daxin, a famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty, commented on Wangshi Garden: "The land is only a few acres, but there are endless walks; although the house is close, there is the joy of forgetting the clouds and the water. Liu Zihou said it is 'as wide as it is' During the Republic of China, the warlord Zhang Zuolin gave this garden as a gift to his teacher Zhang Junluan. Later, when the owner lived in the north, the Master of Nets Garden was rented to the calligrapher brothers Ye Gongchuo and Zhang Daqian.
Net master means fisherman or fisherman. Master of the Nets Garden is the smallest garden in Suzhou, covering an area of ??only 0.53 hectares, but the garden has a compact layout of mountains, ponds and halls. The main entrance of the eastern residential area is in Kuojiatou Lane. It is a representative work of medium-sized residences of feudal bureaucracy. The main entrance is illuminated by a locust tree in the wall, and there are east and west lane gates. There is a gate hairpin in front of the gate, which is cylindrical and decorated with sunflowers at the end. There are arsenic stones (drum stones) on the left and right sides. This is the form of a noble family. From south to north, there are three spacious rooms, including the sedan hall, the hall and the inner hall, which are decorated with exquisite workmanship and elegance. There are scenic spots in the garden: Hill Cluster Guixuan, Qiao Feng Jing, Yue Lai Pavilion, and Chun Yi Palace.
The Guixuan on the hill is the main building in the garden. It is based on the words "A mountain with clusters of osmanthus" in "The Songs of Chu: The Hill Zhaoshein" and the poem "The hill is clustered with osmanthus to retain people" in "Ode on a Dead Tree" written by Yu Xin, a prose writer of the Northern Dynasties. "The sentence means name."
The Qiao Feng Trail is on the west side of the water pavilion. It is a high and low winding climbing corridor. It is inspired by the poem Zhimen Wen of the Song Dynasty: "It is not too late to return to the boat, there is a woodcutter wind at dusk" and Du Mu's poem: "The wine bottle in Tao Qian's palace is empty, and the door is covered with poplars and the wind blows." You can reach Yue Lai Pavilion by walking north along the Qiao Feng Trail. It is named after a poem by Han Yu, a writer of the Tang Dynasty, "Autumn is about to arrive in the evening, and the moon is coming in the long wind." There is a large mirror hanging in the pavilion. The scenery in the mirror and the scenery outside the mirror complement each other, creating a unique charm. In the north of the pavilion, there is a pine reading pavilion. The interior is elegantly furnished and was once the owner's study. On the east side of the pavilion is a bamboo pavilion. The name of the pavilion comes from the poetic meaning of Su Shi, a great poet of the Song Dynasty, "Thousands of trees at the head of the river are dark in spring, and a leaning branch outside the bamboo is better." To the east of the north bank of the pool are Jixuzhai and Wufeng Bookstore, which are a group of pavilion buildings. You can have a panoramic view of the small garden from the top of the small building.
The inner garden in the west of the palace is moved to the west, covering an area of ??one acre. There are houses, pavilions and corridors, springs, stones, flowers and plants in the garden. Scenic artistic effect. Looking out from the rows of flowers and trees in the Kansongdu Painting Pavilion, you can see a delicate, quiet, simple and elegant scenery. This is the spring movement of the palace. There are two exquisite and elegant study rooms in the palace, with simple and unpretentious decoration. After the meal, rocks are placed in the small patio, and plums, bamboos, and plantains are planted. Through the hollow flower windows, a beautiful picture is formed.
4. Jichang Garden is located on Huishan Heng Street, adjacent to Xishan and Huishan Temple, covering an area of ??15 acres. From 1506 to 1520 during the Zhengde Period of the Ming Dynasty, the Qin Dynasty used the Huishan Temple monk's residence as a separate business. During the Wanli period, the garden was passed to Qin Yao, where the weeds were sorted out, the mausoleum valley was transformed, and twelve sceneries were listed. After Wang Xizhi's poetry, the garden was renamed and sent to Qin Yao. Changyuan. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the garden was divided. At the end of the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Kangxi period, Qin Yao's great-grandson merged it and renovated it. He invited Zhang Qin, a famous garden architect, to manage the mountains and water, dredge springs and erect stones, and the garden became more beautiful. Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong each visited this garden during their six tours to the south. Qianlong imitated this garden and built "Huishan Garden" (Huiqu Garden) in the Summer Palace. During the Tongzhi period of Xianfeng, most of the buildings in Jichang Garden were destroyed by war, and were later renovated. Replenish antler. In 1952, the descendants of the Qin family dedicated the private garden to the country for protective restoration. The Zhengjie Temple built in the Yongzheng Dynasty in the southwest corner of the garden was added to the garden, and the scenic spots in the garden were gradually renovated.
The landscape layout is centered on the mountain pool, with rockeries forming the shape of residual veins based on the eastern foothills of Huishan Mountain; it also forms a curved stream, with water from the "two springs" flowing into it, making a gurgling sound. There are towering trees in the garden. Bamboo Shadow Granny, with its desolate outline, simplicity and tranquility, cleverly borrowed scenery, superb stone stacking, exquisite landscapes and sophisticated architecture, is unique among Jiangnan gardens and belongs to the foothills villa garden. In 1988, the State Council announced it as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
5. Yuyuan Garden is located in Nancheng District, Shanghai, covering an area of ??more than 20,000 square meters. It is a famous Jiangnan classical garden and a national key cultural relics protection unit. Yuyuan Garden was first built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty and was completed from 1559 to 1577. It has a history of more than 400 years. It was built by Pan Yunduan, a former Sichuan chief envoy, to honor his parents and took the meaning of "please parents, "To take care of the rest of our lives", so it was named "Yu Garden". In 1853, during the Shanghai Xiaodaohui uprising, Yuyuan Dianchun Hall served as the headquarters of the rebel army in the north of the city.
Yuyuan Garden was once known as "the most beautiful garden in the southeast". It is a famous garden that combines the garden art of the Ming and Qing dynasties in my country. It has been designated as a national cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. As soon as you enter the garden gate, the building facing you is Sansui Hall. Looking up, you can see the four-character plaque of "Urban Forest", which vividly reflects the environment of Yu Garden: surrounded by noisy and prosperous cities, the garden is full of wild mountains and forests. Passing through Yangshan Hall, a large rockery faces each other across the pond. The mountain is about 12 meters high and is made of 2,000 tons of Wukang yellow stone. It is winding and majestic. The wall of Yuyuan Garden is composed of five undulating dragons. The dragon heads are high, the shape is exquisite, lifelike, and they have the momentum of swallowing clouds and spitting mist. These two dragons, with their heads facing each other and a bead in the middle, are called "two dragons grabbing the bead".
The inner garden of Yuyuan was built in the 48th year of Emperor Kangxi’s reign in the Qing Dynasty (1709 AD). The entire garden covers an area of ??only about 2 acres, but it is well-equipped with rocks, ponds, halls, pavilions, pavilions and terraces, and is decorated with flower walls and small corridors. If it is appropriate, it will make the small garden winding and dense. There is also a new ancient stage built in the inner garden. "Dianchun Hall" is named after the poem "Cuidian Chunyan" written by the literary giant Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty. "Dianchun" here is a metaphor for Diankan's favorite operas and actors, because there is a large stage opposite. "Dianchuntang" was once the command post of the Shanghai Xiaodao Society rebel army during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
In front of the "Yuhua Hall", there are three stone peaks standing near the water. The middle one is the famous "Yu Linglong". It is similar to the "Ruiyun Peak" in the Suzhou Liuyuan Garden and the "Ruiyun Peak" in the Hangzhou Garden. "Wrinkled Cloud Peak" is collectively known as the three famous stones in Jiangnan gardens. It is 3.3 meters high and has 72 holes on the stone. If you burn a candle from below, smoke will come out of the holes on the top. If you pour a basin of water from above, there will be holes on the bottom. Dongliu Spring is said to be a stray artifact from the Hua Shi Gang in the Song Dynasty. It has been standing here for more than 400 years.
The Yuyuan Garden wall is decorated with winding dragons, dividing the more than 30 acres of the garden into different scenic areas. The virtual partitions are used as screens, which seem to be separated but not separated, revealing the rich scenery of the garden. , has become a major feature of Yu Garden. The garden is home to many foreign merchants. China's famous Yuyuan Commodity Market is located here, integrating seamlessly with the garden architecture. The Chenghuang Temple adjacent to Yu Garden was originally an ancient temple. During the Guangxu period, many martial artists gradually gathered in and around the temple. In addition, there were many teahouses and restaurants nearby, making the area extremely lively and full of local color.
6. Qiyuan is located in Huayuan Lane, Wuyuan Town, Haiyan County, Zhejiang Province. Qiyuan was originally known as "Feng's Garden", a typical private garden style in Jiangnan. In the ninth year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1871), the owner of the garden, Feng Zhuanzhai, built a house here. The following year, Feng Zhuanzhai integrated the essence of Zhuoyi Garden and Yanyuan Garden in the Ming Dynasty, run by his father-in-law Huang Xieqing, in his own residence "Feng Sanletang". Later, land was allocated to build a garden, and the current Qiyuan Garden was built. It has become a famous pearl in Zhejiang gardens.
Qiyuan covers an area of ??10,000 square meters, with a water surface of about 2,000 square meters and a tree covering area of ??7,000 square meters. The entire garden is almost covered by green trees, with nearly a thousand trees in the garden. Among them, there are more than 40 ancient and famous trees, all of which have survived hundreds of years of wind and rain. Some of the trees stand on the mountain tops, some stand still in the valleys, some spread their wings on the cliffs, and some lean down by the waterside. There are also clumps of small bamboos and vines clinging to tall trees, covered with swaying leaves and covered with green clouds.
The construction of the entire garden makes use of the theory of "water flows with the mountains, and mountains are alive with water". Its characteristics are that trees, mountains and pools are mainly used, with some buildings embellished with them, which is similar to today's gardening techniques that mainly focus on scenery; the garden forms its own area and is not attached to the residential area; a large area of ??water is used to focus on gathering and scattered areas. Secondly, the water flows with the mountain, and the mountain is alive because of the water; there are hills and ravines in front and behind the large rockery, which is different from the practice in Suzhou gardens where the back side is omitted due to its small area. The garden enters from the west, with a flower hall in the middle, a curved bridge in front, and a rockery across the pond. Water flows around the hall from east to north. The layout is similar to the Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou, with water passing through a hole to reach the large pool at the back. In the park, there are scenic spots such as the Nine Songs of Pool Shadows, Butterflies Dropping Green, Morning Sun Painting, Sea Moon Small Hide, Ancient Vine Clouds, Valley Listening to the Piano, Wind Lotus Sunset, Beauty Looking in the Mirror, Hundreds of Birds Singing in Spring, and the Three Music of Fragrant Mud. Its tour path consists of caves, shore roads, flying beams, boats and tunnels below the ground, forming a complex puzzle that is only seen in gardens in the south of the Yangtze River. The rockery in the garden is divided into three areas: front, middle and back. It has a poetic scene of "a ridge when viewed from the side and a peak on the side". The buildings in the park, "Tan Ying Pavilion", "Xiao Yin Pavilion", "Dicui Pavilion" and "Feng He Pavilion" embellish the garden and provide a place for visitors to rest. The small bridges in the park include the Jiuqu Bridge, the Four Cambridge Bridge, and the Tuhua Bridge, which connect the landscape and form an independent scenery.
For example, the Four Bridges is composed of three spans of stone slabs, which is an unique example of Chinese garden bridge scenery. The Guhua Bridge is a stone arch bridge that divides the lake in the garden into two boundaries. There is a couplet beside the arch that reads, "Two waters hold a mirror, and a rainbow falls on the two bridges." It forms a poetic and picturesque scene with the surrounding scenery. In the south of the garden is the residence "Sanletang", which is a typical Jiangnan residence with white walls and black tiles, seven floors and seven floors, complementing the garden.
7. Qinghui Garden is located on Qinghui Road, Daliang Town, Shunde City. Together with Foshan Liang Garden, Panyu Yuyin Shanfang, and Dongguan Keyuan, it is also known as the four famous gardens in Guangdong and is a provincial cultural relic protection unit. .
The garden was originally built by Huang Shijun, the number one scholar in the late Ming Dynasty. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it was purchased by Long Ying, a Jinshi scholar. Afterwards, it was carefully constructed by several generations of the Long family. By the early years of the Republic of China, the layout began to take shape. In recent years, the Shunde Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have carried out large-scale renovations on Qinghui Garden, covering an area of ??more than 22,000 square meters. There are gardens in the garden and scenery outside the scenery. The scenery changes with each step, and it has the characteristics of Lingnan architecture and Jiangnan gardens. The park is full of water, trees, and scenery, with clear water, green trees, rocky mountains, small bridges, and pavilions integrated into each other. The shape and construction are unique and ingenious. Flowers, fruits and trees are everywhere, and fine art works can be picked up at a glance. It integrates architecture, gardens, sculptures, poetry, paintings, The integration of gray sculpture and other arts highlights the "majestic, strange, dangerous, secluded and beautiful" characteristics of my country's ancient gardens. Its main attractions include the Boat Hall, Bixi Thatched Cottage, Chengyi Pavilion, Hexagonal Pavilion, Xiyin Bookstore, Bamboo Garden, Doudong, Bisheng Flower House, Guizhilu, Xiaopengying, Hongli Bookstore, Fenglai Peak, and Duyun. Xuan, Muyingjian, Liufen Pavilion, etc.
8. The Ancient Lotus Pond is located in the center of Baoding. It is a classical garden with pavilions built around water as its prominent feature, and has the beauty of gardens in northern and southern China. The total area is 24,000 square meters, and the pool area is more than 7,900 square meters. In midsummer, the pond is full of lotus flowers, hence the name Lotus Pond.
The Ancient Lotus Pond is a national cultural relic protection unit and one of the top ten famous gardens in the country. The main buildings in the garden include Shuidong Tower, Zaoyong Hall, Junzi Immortality Pavilion, Xiangqin Pavilion, Gaofen Pavilion, Hanlv Pavilion, Linyi Pavilion and Guanlan Pavilion. The beautiful Wanhong Bridge, Qu Bridge and the White Jade Bridge built in the Yuan Dynasty are scattered among the rockeries, rocks, trees and lotus ponds, forming a beautiful picture of "the scenery in the lake and the poetry in the scenery". The garden layout is rigorous, orderly, elegant and unique. It is known as "City Penglai" and "Little West Lake".
The "ancient" nature of the lotus pond comes from its long history. It was first built in the 22nd year of Taizu of Mongolia (1227) when King Zhangrou of Runan rebuilt Baozhou City. It was expanded and repaired on a large scale in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the eleventh year of Yongzheng (1733), the Lotus Pond Academy and the palace were built here. Qianlong, Jiaqing, Guangxu, Cixi, etc. all stayed here when they passed through Baoding on their tours. Emperor Qianlong came here many times and wrote poems praising the lotus pond. In 1921, Xu Shichang, President of the Beiyang Government, personally signed a plaque with the name "Ancient Lotus Pond", and the name is still used today.
9. Historically, the Old Summer Palace was composed of three gardens: Old Summer Palace, Changchun Garden and Qichun Garden. It covered an area of ??more than 5,200 acres (350 hectares) and contained hundreds of famous scenic spots. Since the 46th year of Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1707), it was originally a "gift garden" given by Emperor Kangxi to the fourth son of the emperor Yinzhen (Yongzheng). After Yongzheng ascended the throne in 1722, large-scale construction was carried out according to the pattern of the Forbidden City. During the Qianlong period, the Qing Dynasty's national power was at its peak, which was the climax of the construction of the Old Summer Palace. The Old Summer Palace was expanded on an unprecedented scale with all the strength of the country. Later, it was continued to be built during the Jiaqing, Daoguang, and Xianfeng years. It took 5 emperors 151 years to complete it. It employed countless skilled craftsmen and spent hundreds of millions of dollars on its construction and operation. The Old Summer Palace was once famous for its grand geographical scale, outstanding gardening art, exquisite architecture and rich cultural collections. Its reputation spread to Europe, where it was hailed as the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens" and "the model of gardens in the world."
At its peak, it covered an area of ??more than 5,200 acres and had a circumference of more than ten kilometers. Unfortunately, this famous garden was looted and burned by the British and French forces in October 1860, leaving a tragic page in Chinese history.
After the founding of New China, the Old Summer Palace site was listed as a national key cultural protection unit. After years of renovation, the site office has begun to take shape, and most of the mountain-shaped water system has been restored, recreating the interdependent mountains and rivers and the blurred mist. Jiangnan scenery. There are hundreds of thousands of trees in the park, and a small number of restored garden buildings have regained their former glory. Some important ruins have been protected and renovated, forming a grand cluster of ruins represented by Western-style buildings.
10. Geyuan is located in Dongguan Street on the outskirts of Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. It was formerly Shouzhiyuan in the early Qing Dynasty. During the Jiaqing and Daoguang years, Huang Zhiyun, a salt merchant from the Huaihe River, purchased the garden and renovated it. Thousands of bamboo poles were planted in the garden, and the bamboo leaves were shaped like the character "ge", hence the name. "Yangzhou is famous for its famous gardens, and its famous gardens are famous for its stacked stones."
Geyuan is an urban forest with bamboo and stone as the main body and features stone peaks. It is said that it was created by the famous painter Shi Tao during the Kangxi period. The ancients said that "painting mountains comes from painting things". Painting mountains in the garden is rich in painting theory. Between the similarity and the dissimilarity, it attracts people's infinite reverie. The peaks in the park are tall and majestic, giving people a real sense of rockery. There are Yiyuxuan, Baoshan Tower, Fuyun Pavilion, Zhuqiu Pavilion, Touyue Pavilion and other buildings in the garden, which complement each other with the rockery pool and are matched with ancient and famous trees, making it more simple and elegant. The garden uses different stones to express the scenery of spring, summer, autumn and winter respectively, and is known as the "four seasons rockery". There are mountains and forests in spring, lotus ponds in summer, the setting sun in autumn, and snow lions in midwinter, all of which are vivid and vivid.