Mr. Ji Xianlin was born in August 1911 in Qingping County, Shandong Province. He published several short stories when he was in high school. In 1930, he entered the Department of Western Literature at Tsinghua University, specializing in German, during which he published many essays and translations. In 1935, Ji Xianlin entered the University of G?ttingen in Germany to major in Indology. He successively mastered ancient languages ??such as Sanskrit, Pali, Buddhist mixed Sanskrit, and Tocharian. During his stay in Germany, he published many papers and received high praise from the international academic community, establishing his position in the international Indian academic community. In 1946, Mr. Ji returned to China and was employed as a professor at Peking University. He presided over the establishment of the Department of Oriental Languages ??and Literature and opened up the academic field of Oriental Studies in my country. In 1956, he was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. After 1978, he served as vice president of Peking University and director of the Institute of South Asia at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
Mr. Ji Xianlin’s academic research fields mainly include ancient Indian languages, history of Sino-Indian Buddhism, Tocharian translation and interpretation, history of Sino-Indian cultural exchanges, comparative literature, literary theory, oriental culture, Dunhuang studies, etc. The scope is so wide that it is rare at home and abroad. In addition to academic research, Mr. Ji is also recognized as a master of prose at home and abroad, and has created a large number of popular and excellent works. He also devotes a lot of energy to holding administrative positions, participating in various social activities, and chairing many important academic groups. Mr. Ji served as the head of the Department of Oriental Languages ??at Peking University for 40 years. He made significant contributions to the teaching and scientific research development of common Asian and African languages ??in my country, and contributed to my country’s Oriental studies, Dunhuang studies, comparative literature, Buddhist studies, and the history of Sino-foreign relations. We have put a lot of effort into the development of our business and made outstanding contributions. He presided over the compilation of large-scale book series such as the "Sikuquanshu Catalog Series", "Books handed down from ancient times", "Shenzhou Culture Integration", "Oriental Culture Integration", etc., in terms of spreading Chinese traditional culture, carrying forward the spirit of the Chinese nation, and building the humanistic spiritual quality of the entire nation. played an important role. More than 100 of his works have been compiled into 24 volumes of "Collected Works of Ji Xianlin".
On his 90th birthday, Mr. Ji Xianlin, a master of traditional Chinese culture, returned to his hometown of Linqing, Shandong Province. Nearly 300 people from all walks of life at home and abroad participated in the birthday celebration. Facing his relatives in his hometown, Mr. Ji Xianlin could not restrain his excitement and expressed his best wishes to the country and his hometown.
I almost cried twice when facing my younger generation
Mr. Ji Xianlin was born in Guanzhuang on August 6, 1911. He went to Jinan to study in 1917 when he was 6 years old, and was admitted to Tsinghua University in 1930. After returning to China from Germany in 1946, he was employed by Peking University and founded the Department of Eastern Languages. As one of the few scholars in the world who is proficient in Sanskrit and Tocharian, he enjoys a high reputation in the world. Although he has lived in the outside world for most of his life, deep down in his heart he always retains a lingering attachment to his hometown.
In Guanzhuang, Mr. Ji also has several relatives, all of whom are his juniors. They helped the old man into the old house. At Mr. Ji's suggestion, he and several relatives worshiped their ancestors. Mr. Ji misses his mother deeply. He left her when he was 6 years old and returned home 8 years later. Her mother has passed away and he has never seen her again.
In an essay, he quoted "The son wants to be filial but the relatives are not there" to express the pain that has haunted him throughout his life. Mr. Ji Xianlin's attachment to his hometown is beyond words. He recalled fondly: "When I was admitted to Tsinghua University in the early years, my family was very difficult. Qingping County (then Linqing was called Qingping) gave 150 yuan in subsidies to students who were admitted to college every year. Without that 150 yuan, it would have been difficult for me to complete my education at Tsinghua University. I am forever grateful to my hometown.”
I give you a peach and give you a plum in return. Over the years, Mr. Ji has been caring about his hometown and has donated thousands of books to children in his hometown. He has also established scholarships to reward outstanding teachers and students, and hopes that his hometown will produce more talents. People in his hometown are equally grateful to Mr. Ji. Mr. Ji likes children. When faced with simple farm children, he calls them "Grandpa" and "Grandpa". At that moment, Mr. Ji's eyes are filled with tears.
I am a farmer, and the quality I admire most is loyalty
Mr. Ji Xianlin has won the admiration of the world with his humble and simple personality. Such a master who has learned both Chinese and Western knowledge has always been proud of being a farmer.
He said: "I am very excited that so many people held a birthday celebration for me today, but the biggest thing I feel is shame. I feel that I am not that great. I am a very ordinary person who has never had any ambitions. Today Although I have done some things, I am still far away from the expectations of the country and my fellow villagers, so I feel very ashamed.”
Mr. Ji said that he was born as a farmer and was very concerned about crops and agriculture. Rain is very interested. He said that he took the train to Qing Dynasty and saw Shandong from Hebei along the way. He saw that the crops were good and he was very happy.
During the ten years of catastrophe, Mr. Ji Xianlin risked his life to translate the Indian epic "Ramayana", which became a grand event in the history of world translation. However, his real academic breakthrough was in the 1970s. After years. Years of accumulation and cultural literacy in both Chinese and Western learning have given him a wealth of knowledge and ideas. In recent years, Mr. Ji Xianlin has edited the "Collection of Books handed down from generation to generation" and the "Collection of Sikuquanshu", and published the 24-volume "Collected Works of Ji Xianlin", etc. Mr. Ji Xianlin said that his study is like a farmer's farming. Every time you work, you will get a harvest. And he has written more than 7 million words of books in a row, which has indeed created a miracle in the academic world.
The famous performing artist Wang Xiaotang made a special trip to the Qing Dynasty to celebrate Mr. Ji Xianlin's birthday with his new film "Fragrance Oath". The old man was deeply touched after watching it. He said that our Chinese nation has many excellent qualities, which can be summarized as: loyalty. The protagonist in the movie "Fragrant Oath" has a good saying - the foundation of the Chinese nation and Chinese culture is loyalty. "The reason why I have been able to do some things is because I have been loyal to our motherland, loyal to our Shandong, and loyal to our hometown Linqing all my life."
Live and learn. Mr. Ji Xianlin's goal is to live to be 120 years old. Mr. Ji Xianlin has a quick mind and good health. Many people ask him for his secret to longevity. His answer was: "I have a three-no principle, which is: no exercise, no picky eaters, and no whispering."
He said that the so-called "no exercise" is not against physical exercise, but against anything other than physical exercise. Do nothing but exercise. People should still learn more. As the saying goes, live and learn, so that your thinking will never become rigid.
Mr. Ji Xianlin has become famous, has he just begun to enjoy his old age? Mr. Ji Xianlin said: "Everyone feels that 90 is very old out of concern for me. But now the life span of Chinese people has doubled than before. My calculation is that 70 years old is considered middle-aged and 90 years old is considered old. . In this way, I am just entering old age. I feel that living to be 95 is not a problem, and living a hundred years is not a problem. Going further, I think 108 years old is not a great goal. When I was in Beijing. I was with my old friend Zang Ke. When I met him recently, he said he wanted to live to be 120 years old. I said, if I live to be 120 years old, you will be 126 years old. We have agreed on the goal. To live to be 120 years old."
As soon as the old man finished speaking, everyone burst into applause and laughter. Mr. Ji Xianlin said that it is a good thing that living standards have improved and life expectancy has been extended, but how should we live? He can still work 8 hours a day. He has a saying: Eat to live, but people don’t live to eat. As long as you live for one day, you should work for one day, so that life will be meaningful.
"Being a person first, learning second"
In recent years, driven by profit, many pirates have been stealing works by famous writers. Many of Mr. Ji Xianlin's works have also become targets of pirates. When the topic of piracy came up, the old man's always kind face showed a bit of solemnity. He said: "There are too many pirated copies of my books on the market. Someone gave me a rough statistic. There are about 1 million pirated copies of my books on the market, mainly prose. This not only infringes on the fruits of the author's labor, but also damages the author's work. The legitimate interests of readers are protected. Readers should keep their eyes open to distinguish authenticity and not give pirated booksellers any opportunity to take advantage of it.”
Mr. Ji has studied Eastern and Western culture all his life. In comparison, he He believes that the ethics and values ??of Eastern culture are more in line with the development direction of the world. He proudly said that the 21st century must be China's century, and the successful bid for the Olympics is a good example. Mr. Ji said that he has been engaged in education all his life and has done nothing else.
At that time, it was very difficult to get into a prestigious university, and the admission percentage was very low. In order to get more admission opportunities, almost each of Ji Xianlin's more than 80 graduates enrolled in seven or eight universities. Ji Xianlin only applied to Peking University and Tsinghua University, but was admitted to both universities. After careful consideration, Ji Xianlin chose Tsinghua University because, Ji Xianlin thought, Tsinghua University had many opportunities to study abroad, and his major was German.
Among all the courses, Ji Xianlin benefited the most from not the main course, but an elective course: Mr. Zhu Guangqian's "Literary Psychology" and an audit course: Mr. Chen Yinke's "Buddhist Sutra Translation Literature" . These two courses had a profound impact on Ji Xianlin's future development, and it can be said that they have continued to influence him to this day. Ji Xianlin engaged in comparative literature and literary theory, which was obviously influenced by Mr. Zhu. The history of Buddhism, Buddhist Sanskrit and ancient Central Asian languages ??are inseparable from Mr. Chen’s influence.
In 1924, Ji Xianlin graduated from Tsinghua University. Mr. Song Huanwu, the principal of his alma mater, Jinan High School in Shandong Province, invited Ji Xianlin to return to his alma mater as a Chinese language teacher. After teaching for a year, in 1935, God gave me another good opportunity. Tsinghua University has signed a postgraduate exchange agreement with Germany. Ji Xianlin signed up to take the exam and was admitted. In the late autumn of this year, Ji Xianlin went to the University of G?ttingen in Germany and began his study abroad life. Since 1937, Ji Xianlin has served concurrently as a lecturer in the Sinology Department of the University of G?ttingen. Ji Xianlin's study abroad life ended at the age of thirty-five.
In the autumn of 1946, Ji Xianlin went to Peking University as a professor and director of the Department of Oriental Languages ??and Literature. From then to now, Ji Xianlin has never left Peking University.
Ji Xianlin said that his experience can be condensed into two words: diligence. A few more words: race against time and never forget. It cannot be said that inspiration does not exist, but it does not fall from the sky, but inspiration comes from hard work.
Ji Xianlin also has a "X career"
As a doctor of philosophy, Ji Xianlin's research direction is language and literature. He doesn't like theory, so he writes few philosophical articles. But in his later years, he went out of his way and started talking about the metaphysics of "unity of man and nature". Once the article was published, it shocked everyone and was quite influential. He also talked about another philosophy - the philosophy of consumption, which also caused an uproar.
Consumption is related to the economic foundation. What is Ji Xianlin's economic foundation? Judging from the books, Ji Xianlin's salary is the highest among teachers at Peking University because he was one of the first batch of "older-level" professors confirmed in the 1950s. But his monthly salary, after receiving it at a 20% discount, averages about 700 to 800 yuan. He will give half of the money to the nanny Zhang Shuzhen. In addition to her salary, she also has a boy who attends the Second Affiliated High School of Peking University. Ji Xianlin will bear all tuition, miscellaneous fees and living expenses. In this way, after paying the room fee, natural gas bill, electricity bill, telephone bill, etc., he actually only got about 300 yuan. How can it be enough to use it to pay for the living expenses of the whole family?
Here is a comparison: In the 1950s, Ji Xianlin was designated as a first-class professor. In Beijing, a six-category salary area, his monthly salary was 345 yuan, plus the philosophy and social studies of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Members of the Faculty of Science (equivalent to today’s academicians) receive a monthly allowance of 100 yuan. This is a "significant" salary. Because prices were so low at the time, a meal in Moscow cost about 1.5 to 2 yuan, including soup, bread and butter, and a glass of beer. If you want to eat roast duck, six or seven yuan is enough, and you can still eat a pretty big one. With such prices and a fixed salary of 450 yuan per month, it is simply "extremely rich." Now, he is the most qualified "senior first-level" professor in the country, because Professor Chen Daisun, who is more qualified than him, has passed away. His full monthly basic salary plus various subsidies is only 1,200 to 300 yuan, which is why he actually only keeps more than 300 yuan in his hands every month.
How can such an old professor make a living with such a low salary? Many people would naturally ask him, and the old man smiled and said: "My living standard, if not improved, has never been reduced." People asked him, do you have a little bit of gold? He replied, No.
The secret revealed by Ji Xianlin is: In the 1950s, university teachers mainly relied on salary to live, and they did not understand what a "second career" was and were not allowed to have a "second career". Today, however, this has changed drastically. There are also various forms of "second careers" and even "third careers" in schools. Ji Xianlin also has a "×th career", which is "climbing the grid". He has been climbing the grid for more than 60 years. He is famous and has a lot of royalties. He receives royalties from time to time. In this way, although he only had a salary of 300 yuan on hand, he never felt short of money because he had a steady stream of royalties as a reserve army.
The raincoat from 50 years ago is still worn
Although Ji Xianlin has money, he has never had high pursuits in life. As for food, as always, there are never any special requirements. In the morning, it is still toasted steamed buns or bread, a cup of tea, and a plate of fried peanuts. He never lets his family or nanny accompany him to get up at 4 o'clock and make breakfast for him, so breakfast has been a "consistent system" for decades and never changes. For lunch and dinner, there are mostly vegetarian dishes and very little meat. The diet is so simple that the food expenses for his family are only a little over 500 yuan.
As for clothes, Ji Xianlin is simply a Puritan. Most of his clothes have been worn for ten or eight years or more. There is a raincoat that he bought when he returned to Shanghai from Germany in 1946 and still wears it today. One day, an expert said, your raincoat is really fashionable! He was puzzled after hearing this. After the expert explained, he realized that the styles that were popular more than 50 years ago have gone through a long period of vicissitudes. After countless changes, under the guidance of the spiral law, they have now returned to the styles of 50 years ago. After hearing this, he was very excited. Unexpectedly, I waited and waited, and finally got there. He also didn't expect that human beings' little cleverness in clothing could turn out to be so fragile!
His old idea is: to remain unchanged in response to all changes. He thought that a person wears clothes for others to see. If a person puts on very luxurious clothes, is decorated with jewels, and looks in the mirror every day to admire himself, then he is either a madman or a fool. When you wear clothes for others to see, the aesthetic abilities and aesthetic standards of the viewers vary widely. If you satisfy one group of people, you will definitely offend the other group of people. Anyway, you cannot make everyone happy. Therefore, Ji Xianlin's dressing philosophy is to go his own way, whether you like this outfit or not, but I can't let you order me around. In terms of dressing, he is a completely free man. His blue khaki tunic suit never changes in spring, summer, autumn and winter. The same goes for his supplies. As long as it can be used, he will never throw it away. Cherishing the broom is his philosophy of using things. His clothes and supplies are really due to the different aesthetic abilities and aesthetic standards of the viewers. There are two kinds of tit-for-tat comments: the trend-setters say he is an old antique, an old conservative, and an old stubborn, while the scholars think he is a typical Confucian. . Elegant demeanor comes from his knowledge and character, not from his clothes.
The core of Ji Xianlin's consumption philosophy is: If a person wants to eat and drink all day long, as if the meaning and value of life lie in eating and drinking, he will feel bored and "that's it." His subconscious mind is always: If he eats enough to satisfy his hunger, isn’t that enough? Clothes are enough to cover the body, so why pursue luxury.
Ji Xianlin is by no means a "rich man", but under the guidance of his own consumption philosophy, he eats plainly and lives a simple life, but he gives a lot of money to those around him who are in urgent need, or donates To your hometown school. I hope more people will understand this kind of consumption philosophy.
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Main works:
"The Conjugation of Finite Verbs in the Verse "The Great Event"" (1941, a systematic summary of the laws of Hinayana Buddhism) Various morphological adjustments of mixed Sanskrit verbs used in the stanza "Big Things"), "Conversion of the final -am to -o and -u in medieval Indian languages" (1944, discovered and proved that the final -am to -o and -u The transformation of -o and -u is one of the characteristics of Gandhara, the northwest dialect of medieval India), "Language Issues in Primitive Buddhism" (1985) (demonstrates the existence of primitive Buddhist scriptures, clarifies the language policy of primitive Buddhism, and textual research The historical origin and characteristics of Buddhism mixed with Sanskrit, etc.), "Various versions of the Tocharian version of "The Sutra of Prince Fuli" (1943) (created a successful semantic research method), "India "Anthology of Ancient Languages" (1982), etc. As a literary translator, his main translations include: "Shakuntala" (1956), "The Five Books" (1959), "Urivashi" (1959), and "Ramayana" (7 volumes, 1980-1984), "Anna Seghers Short Stories", etc. As a writer, his main works include "The Shadow of Tianzhu" (1980), "The Collection of Langrun" (1981), "Collected Prose of Ji Xianlin" (1987), "Miscellaneous Memories of the Cowshed", etc.
Answer: yalpha - Qianzong Level 5 6-10 20:23
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Ji Xianlin
Ji Xianlin , a famous paleographer, historian and writer. He once served as a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vice President of Peking University, and Director of the Institute of South Asia, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Born in 1911 in Qingping County, Shandong Province (now merged into Linqing City). In 1946, he returned from studying in Germany and was hired as a professor at Peking University, where he founded the Department of Oriental Languages. In 1956, he was elected as a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1978, he was appointed Vice President of Peking University. His works have been compiled into "Collected Works of Ji Xianlin", with 24 volumes.
Mr. Ji has taught at Peking University for many years and has profound attainments in linguistics, culture, history, Buddhism, Indology and comparative literature. He has researched and translated Sanskrit works and German and English works. He has written many classics from other countries, and now he continues to read and write every day even in the ward.
Mr. Ji Xianlin is admired not only for his knowledge, but also for his character. He said: Even in the most difficult times, he never lost his conscience. During the Cultural Revolution, he secretly translated the Indian epic "Ramayana" and completed the book "Miscellaneous Memories of the Cowshed", which condensed many thoughts on human nature. His book is not only a portrayal of the old man's personal life, but also a reflection of the history of Chinese intellectuals in the past hundred years. Mr. Ji Xianlin's much-watched "Miscellaneous Notes on the Sickbed" has recently been released to the public. In the book, Mr. Ji Xianlin uses lucid words to clarify for the first time how he views the three titles of "Master of Chinese Studies", "Leader in Academic Circles" and "National Treasure" that have been "added" to him by the outside world in recent years. He said: "The picking of the three laurel crowns gave me freedom. The foam on my body was washed away, and my true face was revealed. Everyone was happy."
This newspaper excerpts a few paragraphs of Ji Lao's words, Take a look at how this 96-year-old man treats the brilliant halo surrounding his head——
The picture shows Ji Xianlin and his beloved cat. (File photo)
■One word "Master of Chinese Studies"
"Looking around, there are many friends who have a better foundation in Chinese studies than myself. Under such circumstances, I actually To monopolize the title of 'Master of Chinese Studies' would be a disservice to me!"
Now in some more formal documents, the brilliant halo of "Master of Chinese Studies" appears above my head. This is not something that comes out of nowhere, it has a historical origin.
About ten or twenty years ago, China’s reform and opening up achieved great results and its economy developed rapidly. Cultural construction has also become active accordingly.
Once, a meeting was held in the lecture hall of Peking University, which had not yet been renovated, to talk about Chinese studies to the students. At that time, there were five professors sitting on the rostrum, and each of them gave a lecture. I was ranked first, and I have completely forgotten what I said. A senior reporter, an alumnus of Peking University, wrote a long article in the newspaper, "Chinese Studies Fever Quietly Rising in Yanyuan." From then on, four of the professors, including me, were known as “Masters of Chinese Studies.” All three of them have a much stronger foundation in Chinese studies than me. What they think of this crown, I don't know. I was put on this laurel crown, but I got goosebumps all over my body.
Speaking of the basics of Chinese studies, I have been reading classics, classical Chinese, and poetry since elementary school. Browsing some important classic works. But I never put any effort into any classic or writer, because I never wanted to become a Chinese scholar. Later, he specialized in other academic subjects and was immersed in them, enjoying himself beyond measure. In addition to being able to recite hundreds of poems and dozens of ancient essays; in addition to being able to talk about some self-proclaimed big and relevant issues related to Chinese studies in the largest macro perspective, such as the unity of nature and man, my knowledge of Chinese studies is not No increase. Looking around, there are many friends who have a better foundation in Chinese studies than themselves. Under such circumstances, if I actually monopolize the title of "Master of Chinese Studies", wouldn't it be a disgrace to me (to borrow the words of a female character from Peking Opera)! I am not even a "little teacher" of Chinese studies, let alone a "master"!
For this reason, I am here to tell the world: Please take off the crown of "Master of Chinese Studies" from my head.
Where to start? ”
This needs to be discussed at two levels: one is the education sector, and the other is the humanities and social sciences sector.
First of all, we need to figure out what a "leader" is. The one who is Tai is Mount Tai; the one who is fighting is Beidou. Both are considered supreme.
Just talk about the education sector. I have been a teacher all my life and climbed the ladder. I have been teaching abroad for 10 years and in China for 57 years. People often say: "There is no merit, but hard work." Especially in the past few decades, every day exercise and new tricks are all aimed at making you restless and your nerves are always in a state of extreme tension. Under such circumstances, I have been doing administrative work. It is extremely difficult to achieve anything if I want to achieve anything! Where do I start talking about this "leading figure"?
In the research of humanities and social sciences, it is not true to say that I have made great achievements. To say that I have no achievements at all is not consistent with the actual situation. Such people are eloquent all over the world. However, now I have been "beaten" into a powerful figure. Where do I start talking about this great leader?
For this reason, I am here to tell the world: Please take off the crown of "academic (art) leader" from my head.
■Three words about "national treasure"
"Is it because there is only one Ji Xianlin in China, so he becomes a 'treasure'? However, China's Zhao Yiqian, two grandsons, three Li Si, etc. Wait, wait, there is only one, can China have 1.3 billion 'national treasures'?"
In China, when it comes to "national treasures", people will immediately think of how cute and naive they are. Giant panda. This animal is extremely rare and only exists in China. It is well deserved to be called a "national treasure". However, about eighty or ninety years ago, at a meeting, a leader in Beijing suddenly called me a "national treasure." I was extremely shocked. Today, wherever I go, the sound of "national treasure" can be heard in my ears. I was really puzzled. Of course, the title of "national treasure" is not monopolized by me alone. Several other famous calligraphers and painters also have this title.
I am thinking about it and want to explore the origin of the name. Is it because there is only one Ji Xianlin in China that he becomes a "treasure"? However, China has only one Zhao, Qian, two grandsons, three, Li Si, etc., etc., so can China have 1.3 billion "national treasures"?
Wanting about this kind of thing is useless and completely unnecessary. I'll hit the brakes hard.
For this reason, I am here to tell the world: Please take off the crown of "national treasure" from my head.
Ji Xianlin was born in 1911 in Qingping County, Shandong Province (now Linqing).
Professor of Peking University, chairman of the Academic Committee of the Chinese Academy of Culture, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese linguist, literary translator, Sanskrit and Pali expert, and writer. He has made many achievements in the research on the history of Indian language and literature.
In 1930, he entered the Department of Western Literature of Tsinghua University. In 1935, he went to Germany to study. He studied ancient Indian languages ??under the tutelage of Indologist E. Walter Schmidt. Received a doctorate in philosophy from the University of G?ttingen in 1941. Later, he studied Tocharian under the tutelage of linguist E. Sick. From 1946 to 1983, he was employed as professor and director of the Department of Oriental Languages ??and Literature at Peking University. From 1978 to 1984, he also served as vice president of Peking University. In 1956, he was appointed as a member of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He served as a member of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council and leader of the Foreign Language and Literature Review Group, President of the Second Chinese Linguistic Society, President of the Chinese Foreign Language Teaching Research Association, and Honorary Member of the Chinese Ethnic Ancient Writing Research Association. President, representative and standing committee member of the 6th National People's Congress, member of the Editorial Committee of "Encyclopedia of China" and director of the Editorial Committee of "Language Volume", etc. His academic achievements are most prominently reflected in his considerable achievements in the study of medieval Indo-European languages. His major works include: "Conjugations of Finite Verbs in the Verse "The Great Event"" (1941, a systematic summary of various morphological adjustments of mixed Sanskrit verbs used in the Theravada Buddhist scripture "The Great Event" verse), "Medieval Indian Languages" "The transformation of the final -am into -o and -u" (in 1944, it was discovered and proved that the transformation of the final -am into -o and -u is one of the characteristics of Gandhara, a dialect of northwest India in the Middle Ages), " "Language Problems of Primitive Buddhism" (1985) (demonstrated the existence of primitive Buddhist scriptures, clarified the language policy of primitive Buddhism, and examined the historical origin and characteristics of Buddhism's mixing of Sanskrit, etc.), "Prince Fuli's Karma Sutra" "Various Versions of the Hora Text" (1943) (creating a successful semantic research method), "Collection of Ancient Indian Languages" (1982), etc. As a literary translator, his main translations include: "Shakundala" (1956), "The Five Books" (1959), "Urivashi" (1959), and "Ramayana" (7 volumes, 1980-1984), "Anna Seghers Short Stories", etc. As a writer, his main works include "The Shadow of Tianzhu" (1980), "The Collection of Lang Run" (1981), "Collected Prose of Ji Xianlin" (1987), "Miscellaneous Memories of the Cowshed", etc.
Grandfather Ji Laotai, father Ji Silian, mother Zhao, a farmer. Uncle Ji Sicheng. When he was young, he became literate with Ma Jinggong. At the age of 6, he went to Jinan to join his uncle Ji Sicheng. Entered a private school to study. After the age of 7, he studied in the Xinyu Primary School affiliated with Shandong Provincial First Normal School. At the age of 10, I started learning English. At the age of 12, he was admitted to Zhengyi Middle School and transferred to the High School Affiliated to Shandong University six months later. I started learning German in high school and became interested in foreign literature. At the age of 18, he transferred to Jinan Provincial High School. The Chinese teacher was Dong Qiufang, who was also a translator. "The reason why I have been writing and writing for fifty or sixty years, and I still can't put down my pen even when I am almost octogenarian, is all because of Teacher Dong's gift. I will never forget it." In 1930, he was admitted to the Department of Western Literature of Tsinghua University. Professional direction German. He studied Eastern and Western poetry, English, and Sanskrit under Wu Mi and Ye Gongchao, and also took elective courses on Buddhist scripture translation literature by Professor Chen Yinke, literary psychology by Zhu Guangqian, Tang and Song poetry by Yu Pingbo, and Tao Yuanming poetry by Zhu Ziqing. He became friends with his classmates Wu Zuxiang, Lin Geng, and Li Changzhi, and became known as the "Four Musketeers". Classmates