The place where Yang Guifei's love began - Huaqing Pool
Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of Lishan Mountain outside the south gate of Lintong County, Shaanxi Province, 225 kilometers away from Xi'an. It is one of the national hot spring scenic spots. ?
Lishan Hot Spring has been famous since ancient times. It was discovered in the Qin Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago that it has the effect of curing diseases. The water temperature of Lishan Hot Spring is 43°C. The water contains calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate and other minerals and organic substances. It is particularly effective in treating arthritis, rheumatism, indigestion, skin diseases, etc., and is very suitable for bathing and recuperation. Therefore, Lishan became an ideal place for emperors of all dynasties to build palaces, villas and visit.
As far back as the Western Zhou Dynasty, King You of the Zhou Dynasty set up a palace here. The first emperor of the Qin Dynasty built the "Lishan Tang". Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty expanded it into a palace. In the eighteenth year (AD 644), a palace and pavilions were built and named "Tangquan Palace". In the second year of Xianheng (671 AD) by Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, it was renamed "Hot Spring Palace".
In the sixth year of Tianbao reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 747), a large-scale construction project was carried out to renovate the soup and afforestation, build a palace along the mountain, and build a Luocheng outside the palace, so it was renamed "Huaqing Palace". At that time, Huaqing Palace was grand and magnificent, with "four gates", "ten halls", "four floors", "two pavilions" and "five soups". Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty took Concubine Yang here to spend the winter every year and often bathed here. However, not long after, An Lushan, the governor of the Three Towns, rebelled against the Tang Dynasty, and the Huaqing Palace suffered a military disaster. Today's Huaqing Pool buildings such as Jiulong Tang, Feishuang Hall, Shizhou Fang, Longyin Pavilion, and Feixia Pavilion were mostly built in the 1950s.
In the 1980s, during archaeological excavations, the bathing places of Concubine Yang Guifei and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty were discovered: "Begonia Soup" and "Lotus Soup" and other imperial soup sites, and a building was built on the site. A hall for the preservation of imitation Tang Dynasty buildings is formed, which is the "Tang Huaqing Palace Ruins Museum".
The Yuwang Palace at the north gate of the ruins museum displays cultural relics and pictures unearthed here, giving a comprehensive introduction to the history of Huaqing Pool. The imperial concubine pool near the gate is the best preserved, with a length of 3.6 meters from east to west, a width of 2.9 meters from north to south, and a depth of 1.2 meters. The edge of the pool is curved and arc-shaped, and the plane is like a blooming crabapple flower, so it is also called "Begonia Soup".
The lotus nozzle in the middle of the pool is like the stamen of a crabapple flower. The body of the pool is made of bluestone and is carefully carved. To the east of the imperial concubine pool is the imperial soup dedicated to Emperor Xuanzong of the temple. It is 10.6 meters long from east to west and 6 meters wide from north to south. The bathhouse is a two-tiered platform. The upper platform is 80 centimeters deep and the lower platform is 70 centimeters deep. The plane is in the shape of a lotus, so it is also called "Lotus Bath". It can hold 100 cubic meters of water, just like an indoor building. swimming pool. The Nine Dragons Hall was built in the Tang Dynasty, and the pillar foundations of the ruins of the hall's foundation can still be seen in the hall today. ?
"Xingchen Tang" is a bathing place for ministers, and "Shangshi Tang" is used by palace staff. "Prince Soup" is maintained and displayed in the open air in the courtyard.
There is a small attic in a corner of Huaqing Palace - "Feixia Pavilion". Legend has it that Concubine Yang would come to this pavilion after taking a bath. While watching the scenery, she would use the breeze in the attic to dry her hair. What a beautiful scenery it must be.
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In addition to being famous for its hot springs, Qingchi is also famous for its "Bingjian Pavilion". During the Xi'an Incident, Chiang Kai-shek fled over the wall from his five-room residence in Huaqing Pool to the mountainside of Lishan Mountain, got into a cave, and was hunted by soldiers from Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng. Today’s five halls can still see the bullet holes left by bullets in the doors and windows. In 1946, in order to revive the morale of the Kuomintang officers and soldiers, the warlord Hu Zongnan built a "righteousness pavilion" on the west side of the stone crevice where Jiang Moushi was hiding. After liberation, it was changed to "Capturing Jiang Pavilion" and now it is "Bingjian Pavilion" to commemorate the great achievements of Generals Zhang and Yang.