The Emperor Donghua is the Duke of the East.
Dongwanggong, also known as Mu Gong, Donghuanggong, Donghua Dijun, etc., was recorded in the Han Dynasty. It is related to the concept of yin and yang in the Han Dynasty and is a male god representing "Yang". The Dongwanggong recorded in the Han Dynasty may be related to the Donghuang, the sun god Dongjun and other gods in the Chu land of the pre-Qin Dynasty.
Dong Wanggong is believed in Taoism to often go on stage on Ding Mao Day to observe the situation of people who practice Taoism and learn immortality in the world. Therefore, anyone who attains enlightenment and becomes an immortal must first pay homage to the Prince of the East. Then pay homage to the Queen Mother of the West, and then ascend into the Nine Heavens, and then enter the Three Pure Realms to pay homage to Yuanshi Tianzun, Lingbao Tianzun and Daode Tianzun.
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The birthday of Dongwanggong is the sixth day of the second lunar month. In Taoist mythology, the Queen Mother of the West is in charge of all women who become immortals, and the Prince of the East is in charge of all men who become immortals. The Jade Emperor is the leader of the immortals and the emperor of the gods.
The emergence of the name Dongwanggong is closely related to the concept of yin and yang in the Qin and Han Dynasties at the end of the war. Therefore, during the Qin and Han Dynasties, many important gods became paired gods. For example, Heng'e and Yi, Fuxi and Nuwa in the Pre-Qin Dynasty were all paired together, and the Duke of the East was also paired with the Queen Mother of the West in the Pre-Qin Dynasty. After being absorbed into Taoism at the end of the Han Dynasty, the two were actually juxtaposed, ranking roughly below the Three Purities and above the Four Imperials.
In the folk of the Han Dynasty, the Duke of the East and the Queen Mother of the West were the main gods of the immortal world on the other side, while Fuxi and Nuwa were the ancestor gods of mankind. He was absorbed into Taoism in the late Han Dynasty. During the Tang and Northern Song Dynasties, Dongwanggong was not included in the list of Taoist priests' worship gods. It was only in the Southern Song Dynasty that he was included.
In the list of altar gods in Zhongli's "Praying for Heirs and Worshiping Chapters" of the Southern Song Dynasty, he is ranked 19th, named "Donghua Mu Gongdaojun". On the list of 360 true spirits, he is ranked tenth and is named "Donghua Prime Minister Mugong Qingtong Emperor".
In the Southern Song Dynasty Lu Yuan's "One Thousand Twelve Hundred Points of Huangluo Luotian" (contained in Volume 3 of "Taomen Customization"), as the first god invited in the ninth form, the name is "Shuifu Fusang Emperor" , ranking first among the gods in Shuifu.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the Taoist ranking of Dongwanggong was higher than that of the Queen Mother of the West. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, folk Taoism believed that the Queen Mother of the West was equal to the Queen Mother of the East.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia---Dong Wanggong