treat cordially
1, first aid
In all kinds of injuries, find out the main contradiction for first aid, such as bleeding, stop bleeding first. When in shock, resist the shock first, and don't hesitate to delay the opportunity.
2. General treatment
Abrasion: Clean an unclean wound with clean water. If the wound is clean, apply red or purple liquid or stick a band-aid to heal itself. Serious abrasions need to be stopped first, and should be treated by cold compress, raising limbs, pressure dressing and direct finger pressure to stop bleeding as appropriate. Go to the hospital for wound cleaning, suturing, medication and dressing when necessary to avoid infection or excessive bleeding.
Nosebleed: Let the injured person sit down, lean back, breathe through his mouth temporarily, plug his nostrils with gauze or clean soft paper, and apply a cold towel to his forehead and nose to stop bleeding. If it persists, you should go to the hospital for examination and treatment in time and take effective measures in time to prevent massive bleeding from entering shock.
Sprain: First, measures should be taken to stop bleeding and relieve pain. You can lift the injured limb, wash the injured part with cold water or apply a cold towel to make the blood vessels contract and reduce the degree of bleeding and pain. Don't rub it in disorder to prevent bleeding from increasing. Put the cotton on the injured place and bandage it hard. After simple treatment, the injured should be immediately sent to the hospital for further treatment.
Contusion: cold compress with a cold towel to contract blood vessels and reduce bleeding degree and pain. Put the cotton on the injured place and bandage it hard. After simple treatment, the injured should be immediately sent to the hospital for further treatment.
Concussion: Patients with mild concussion can recover after a quiet bed rest for a day or two. For moderate and severe concussion, keep the injured person absolutely quiet, lie flat on his back, apply cold compress to his head, keep warm and send him to the hospital for treatment in time.
Dislocation: the movement should be light, and stretching and twisting are not allowed. You can apply cold compress first, put a bandage on it, and send it to the hospital for correction and treatment immediately.
Fracture: first of all, we should appease the injured, prevent shock, keep warm and send them to the hospital immediately.
Sports injury prevention
Warm-up exercises include relaxation activities before strenuous activities, which can raise the muscle temperature to 38℃ in a few minutes, making it more flexible, strong and injury-resistant. Active warm-up exercise is better than passive heating with hot water, hot pad, ultrasonic wave or infrared lamp.
Although pulling can't prevent injury, it can make muscles produce greater tension, which should be carried out after warm-up exercise or training. In order to avoid direct injury, the time should not exceed 10 second.
Cooling refers to gradually relaxing before the end of training to prevent dizziness and syncope. If strenuous activity stops suddenly, blood will accumulate in the veins at the distal end of the limb, which may cause dizziness and even syncope. The final relaxation exercise can promote blood circulation and lactic acid excretion in blood, but it can't prevent muscle soreness the next day, because it is related to muscle fiber injury.
Refer to the above contents: Baidu Encyclopedia-Sports Injury, Baidu Encyclopedia-Sports Injury