Performance props
1. Accompaniment instruments
Peking opera accompaniment instruments are divided into percussion instruments and orchestral instruments.
Percussion instruments include boards, single-skin drums, gongs, cymbals, cymbals, etc., which are called "martial arts fields".
The orchestral instruments include Jinghu, Jingerhu, Yueqin and Sanxian, which are called "Wenchang".
2. Stage props
Ji Mo is a collective name for large and small props and some simple devices. It is a special product of opera to solve the contradiction between performance and real objects. The term "Ji Mo" existed in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. The items on the traditional opera stage include daily utensils (such as candlesticks, lanterns, fans, handkerchiefs, four treasures of the study, tea sets, wine sets) and transportation utensils (such as sedan chairs, flags, paddles, riding whips, etc.).
Weapons are also called knife and gun handles (such as various knives, guns, swords, axes, hammers, whips, sticks, sticks, etc.), as well as various objects that express the environment and color the atmosphere (such as Putrajaya, Taipei, etc.) tents, small tents, gate flags, banners, water flags, wind flags, fire flags, barbarian instruments and poles, tables and chairs, etc. In addition to the commonly used brickwork, it can also be temporarily added according to performance needs.
Extended information
The formation period of Peking Opera
From the 20th year of Daoguang to the 10th year of Xianfeng (1840-1860), Hui opera, Qin opera, and Han opera They merged and absorbed the strengths of Kunqu Opera and Beijing Opera to form Peking Opera. One of its hallmarks is that the tunes are complete and rich in style, surpassing any of the three operas of Hui, Qin and Han. The singing style is a mixture of banqiang style and qupai style.
The main vocal tunes are Erhuang and Xipi; secondly, the profession is generally complete; thirdly, a number of Peking Opera repertoires have been formed; fourthly, Cheng Changgeng, Yu Sansheng and Zhang Erkui are representatives of the early stage of Peking Opera. At that time, they were called the "Three Masters of Laosheng" and the "Three Tripods", namely: "No. 1 Scholar" Zhang Erkui, "Second Prize" Cheng Changgeng, and "Tanhua" Yu Sansheng.
They each have their own characteristics in singing and performance styles. They have made outstanding achievements in creating the main tunes of Peking Opera, Xipi, Erhuangshang and Peking Opera opera forms, as well as speaking and pronunciation that are characteristic of Beijing language. contribute.
Among the first generation of Peking Opera actors, there are also old students Lu Shengkui, Xue Yinxuan, Zhang Rulin, Wang Jiuling, etc.; young students Long Deyun and Xu Xiaoxiang; Dansheng Hu Xilu, Luo Qiaofu, Mei Qiaoling; ugly Yang Mingyu, Liu Gansan; and old Dan. Hao Lantian, Tan Zhidao.
Jingzhu Dazi, Ren Hualian, etc., they all have unique creations to enrich the voices and performing arts of various industries. Mei Qiaoling, who later became the leader of the "Four Happiness Class", had the courage to break through the old rules of strict division of labor between Tsing Yi and Hua Dan, and opened up a new path for the singing art of Dan roles.
"Thirteen Wonders of Tongguang Famous Actors" is a colorful costume portrait of famous actors in the history of Peking Opera. It was painted by Shen Rongpu, a folk painter in the late Qing Dynasty. He referred to the form of opera character paintings in "Thirteen Peculiarities of Beijing Opera" painted by He Shikui, a painter in the mid-Qing Dynasty.
Thirteen actors who were famous on the Peking Opera stage during the Tongzhi and Guangxu years of the Qing Dynasty (1860 to 1890) were selected (Cheng Changgeng, Lu Shengkui, Zhang Shengkui, Yang Yuelou, Tan Xinpei, Xu Xiaoxiang, Mei Qiaoling, Shi Xiao Fu, Yu Ziyun, Zhu Lianfen, Hao Lantian, Liu Gansan, Yang Mingyu) used meticulous brushwork and heavy colors to depict the characters they played, showing the author's profound skills.
This painting was acquired by Zhu Fuchang of the Evolution Society in a bookstore in the 32nd year of the Republic of China (1943). It was reduced and photocopied and published, and was accompanied by a volume "Thirteen Biography of Tongguang Famous Actors".
Baidu Encyclopedia-Peking Opera