1. A brief summary of Qin Shihuang’s tyranny in the classical Chinese version
Passing through the Qin Dynasty, Duke Xiao of Qin took control of Weihan and held the land of Yongzhou. Within the universe, it encompasses the thoughts of the four seas and the hearts of eight wastelands.
At that time, the Lord of Shang assisted him, enacting laws internally, doing farming and weaving, repairing and guarding war tools, externally linking balance and fighting against the princes. So the Qin people surrendered and took the territory outside the Xihe River.
Since Duke Xiao was gone, Huiwen, Wu, Zhaoxiang and Meng had their old responsibilities. Due to the legacy policy, Hanzhong was taken from the south, Ba and Shu were raised from the west, the sacred land was cut from the east, and key counties were taken from the north. The princes are afraid, will make alliances and plan to weaken the Qin, and do not love the precious and fertile land, so that all the people in the world will unite and establish diplomatic relations and become one.
At this time, Qi had Mengchang, Zhao had Pingyuan, Chu had Chunshen, and Wei had Xinling. These four monarchs are all wise and loyal, generous and loving, respecting the virtuous and respecting scholars. They are all from Han, Wei, Yan, Chu, Qi, Zhao, Song, Wei, and Zhongshan.
So the scholars of the Six Kingdoms, including the subordinates of Ning Yue, Xu Shang, Su Qin, and Du He, were conspirators; Qi Ming, Zhou Zui, Chen Zhen, Zhao Hua, Lou Su, Zhai Jing, Su Li, Le Yi's disciples understood his intentions; Wu Qi, Sun Bin, Dai Tuo, Ni Liang, Wang Jing, Tian Ji, Lian Po, and Zhao Shezhi Lun controlled his troops. With ten times the land and millions of troops, he knocked on the pass and attacked Qin.
The Qin people opened and closed the enemy, and the divisions of the Nine Kingdoms patrolled and did not dare to advance. Qin did not have the money to pay for the death arrow, but the princes of the world were already trapped.
So he broke the contract and lost, fought for the land and bribed Qin. Qin had spare power to control its disadvantages, chasing death to the north, laying down millions of corpses, bleeding and drifting in the oars; taking advantage of convenience, it slaughtered the world and divided the mountains and rivers.
Strong countries ask for submission, weak countries enter the court. Extending to King Xiaowen and King Zhuang Xiang, the country enjoyed a short period of time and the country was fine.
As for the first emperor, the remaining heroes of the sixth generation vigorously pursued the strategy and controlled the inner world, swallowed up the princes for two weeks, acted as the supreme and controlled the Liuhe, held on to beat and beat the world, and vibrated the world. Taking the land of Baiyue in the south, I thought it was Guilin and Xiangjun. The king of Baiyue bowed his head and tied his neck, and ordered his subordinates.
He ordered Meng Tian to build the Great Wall to the north and guard the fence, but the Huns were more than 700 miles away. The Hu people did not dare to go south to herd horses, and the soldiers did not dare to bend their bows and complain. So he abolished the ways of the previous kings, burned the words of hundreds of families, and used the stupid heads of Guizhou; he made the city famous and killed the heroes; he collected the soldiers of the world, gathered them in Xianyang, sold Feng Dy, and cast them into twelve golden figures to weaken the people of the world.
Then practice Huahua City, because the river is a pond, and according to the city of hundreds of millions of feet, it is considered solid in the face of unexpected abyss. The good generals guard the key points with their powerful crossbows, and the trustworthy ministers and elite soldiers prepare the troops.
The world has been settled, and the First Emperor's heart is that he thinks that the Guanzhong is solid, the golden city is thousands of miles away, and the inheritance of descendants and emperors will last forever. The First Emperor is no longer alive, but his remaining power shocks the world.
However, Chen Sheweng is the son of Shengshu, a gangster, and a migrant. His talents are not as good as those of middle-class people. He is not as wise as Zhongni and Mo Zhai, and he is not as rich as Tao Zhu and Yidun. He walks on tiptoe. In the meantime, he stubbornly rose up in the streets, led his exhausted soldiers, and turned hundreds of people to attack Qin. He cut down trees as soldiers and raised poles as flags. The world gathered to respond, winning food and scenery. The heroes of Shandong then joined forces and destroyed the Qin people.
The world is not small and weak, and the land of Yongzhou is solid and self-contained. The position of Chen She is not to be respected by the kings of Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei, Song, Wei, and Zhongshan; the thorns and thorns in the crest are not to be wielded by hooks, halberds, and spears; the people who are banished to the garrison are not to resist The masters of the Nine Kingdoms are those who have foresight and foresight, and the way of marching and using troops cannot be compared to those who follow the times.
However, success or failure varies, and achievements are opposite. If we try to make the Shandong Kingdom and Chen Shedu have a long life and compare their power and strength, they cannot be of the same age.
However, the Qin Dynasty used only a small area to develop the power of ten thousand times, ordering the eight states and dynasty in the same row, which lasted for more than a hundred years; then, Liuhe was his home and Weihan was his palace; when one man was in trouble, seven temples were destroyed. , die at the hands of others, and make the world laugh, why? If benevolence and righteousness are not applied, the offensive and defensive momentum will be different. Qin annexed the sea and the princes, and proclaimed himself emperor in the south to support the four seas.
The people of the world are so outstanding that they face the wind. If so, why? Said: There has been no king in recent times for a long time. The Zhou Dynasty was humble, and after the death of the five hegemons, the order could not be carried out in the world. Therefore, the princes used their power to govern, the strong invaded the weak, and the few were violent. The war was endless, and the soldiers and the people were abandoned.
Now Qin Nan faces and rules the world, and there is an emperor above. Since the people of Yuanyuan hope to be safe for their lives, they should all look up with an open mind. At this time, the foundation of safety lies in maintaining prestige and determination.
The King of Qin was greedy and self-motivated. He did not believe in meritorious officials and was not close to the people. He abolished the royal way and established private rights. He banned documents and tortured the law. He used deception first and then benevolence and righteousness. He ruled the world with violence. beginning. The one who combines husband and wife is high in deceit, and the one who is stable values ????obedience to power. This means that taking and keeping are different skills.
When Qin left the Warring States Period and ruled the world, its path was not easy and its politics did not change. This is why it took and defended the country differently. It exists alone, so it can stand and wait for its death.
By using the King of Qin to plan the events of the previous world and to control the affairs of the Yin and Zhou dynasties, there will be no danger of collapse even though there will be arrogant and arrogant masters in the future. Therefore, when the three kings established the world, their names were beautiful and their achievements were long-lasting.
Now that the second generation of Qin has been established, everyone in the world will take the lead and watch its politics. If the husband is cold, he will benefit from leeks and brown, while if he is hungry, it will be sweetened with dregs and chaff. The world is wailing, and this is the capital of the new master.
This means that working for the people is easy and benevolent. The second generation of rural envoys behaved like mediocre rulers and were appointed loyal and virtuous. The ministers were single-minded and worried about the troubles at home. They were humble and corrected the mistakes of the previous emperor. After splitting the land and dividing the people and naming meritorious officials, they established a country and established a king to honor the world. They were imprisoned without being punished. , get rid of the crime of collecting money and filth, so that everyone can go back to their villages, distribute warehouses, and disperse money to cheer up the lonely and poor people. They can give light gifts and minor tasks to help the people's needs. They can make laws and save punishments to support their successors, so that the world can be harmonious. Everyone must renew themselves, practice more disciplinedly, take care of themselves, block the hope of all people, and use their might and virtue to the world, and the world will gather together.
That is to say, within the four seas, everyone is living in peace and contentment, fearing that there will be changes. Although there are cunning people who have no intention of separation, the unruly ministers will not be able to show off their wisdom, but will be violent and traitorous. Stop it. The second generation did not practice this technique, but focused on immorality, ruining the ancestral temple and the people, and then built the Afang Palace. The punishments were severe, the officials were harsh, the rewards and punishments were inappropriate, and the wealth was excessive. The world was troubled, the officials were unable to discipline, and the people were in trouble. He is poor but the Lord cannot accept his charity.
Then traitors and falsehoods arise together, and the upper and lower escape from each other. Those who are guilty are stunned, and the punishment and killing face each other in the way, and the world suffers. From the king down to the common people, people have a heart of self-danger and are living in poverty. They are not secure in their position, so they are easy to move.
Therefore, if Chen She did not use the talents of Tang and Wu, and did not borrow the honor of the princes, but he fought hard in the great marsh and the whole world responded, his people would be in danger. Therefore, the former kings saw the constant changes and knew the opportunities for survival and destruction, so they followed the way of the herdsmen and focused on safety.
Although there are rebellious ministers in the world, there will be no response and help. Therefore, it is said that "it is easy to do justice when the people are at ease, but it is easy to do wrong when it is dangerous to the people." This is what we mean.
If you are the emperor, you are rich in the world, and you are not immune to killing, then you are right and wrong. This is the fault of the second generation.
Qin annexed more than thirty counties in Shandong from the princes, repaired Jinguan, occupied the dangerous fortress, and repaired armored troops to defend it. However, Chen She sent hundreds of garrison soldiers scattered in disorder, shouting loudly with arms raised. The soldiers did not use bows and halberds, and they had white stilts and swords. 2. I am looking for some classical Chinese articles about the First Emperor of Qin (i.e. King Qin Yingzheng). If you can read it, please help.
The original words in "Historical Records: The Chronicles of the First Emperor of Qin":
The First Emperor of Qin was Prince Zhuangxiang of Qin. King Zhuang Xiang was the hostage of Qin in Zhao. When he saw Concubine Lu Buwei, he took her and gave birth to the first emperor. King Zhao of Qin was born in Handan in the first month of the forty-eighth year of his reign. When he was born, his name was Zheng and his surname was Zhao. When he was thirteen years old, King Zhuang Xiang died, and Zheng Dai was made King of Qin.
At that time, Qin had merged with Ba, Shu, and Hanzhong, and there was Ying in Yuewan, and Nanjun was established; to the east of Shangjun in the north, there were Hedong, Taiyuan, and Shangdang counties; in the east to Xingyang, After two weeks of destruction, Sanchuan County was established.
Lu Buwei was appointed prime minister, granted a title of 100,000 households, and was named Marquis Wenxin. Inviting guests and tourists, hoping to unite the world. Li Si is a sacrificer. Meng Ao, Wang Jue, Hegong and others were the generals. When the king was young, he first came to the throne and was appointed minister of state.
Translation:
The First Emperor of Qin was the son of King Zhuang Xiang of the State of Qin. King Zhuang Xiang once lived in Handan City of Zhao State as the grandson of King Zhao of Qin. He saw Lu Buwei's concubine there and fell in love with her very much, so he married her and gave birth to the First Emperor. Qin Shi Huang was born in Handan in the forty-eighth year of Qin Zhao (259 BC). After birth, he was named Zheng and his surname was Zhao. When he was thirteen years old, King Zhuang Xiang died, and Zheng succeeded to the throne and became King of Qin.
At this time, Qin's territory had annexed Bajun, Shujun and Hanzhong, crossed Wanxian County to occupy Chu's Yingdu, and established Nanjun; it took the east of Shangjun to the north and occupied He went to Hedong, Taiyuan and Shangdang counties; went east to Xingyang, destroyed the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and established Sanchuan County.
Lu Buwei was the Prime Minister of the country and was granted a title of 100,000 households. His title was Wenxinhou. He solicited guests and tourists, hoping to annex the world. Li Si is a sacrificer. Meng Ao, Wang Jue, Hegong and others were the generals. The King of Qin was young and had just ascended the throne, so he entrusted state affairs to his ministers.
"The Chronicles of Qin Shihuang" comes from Volume 6 of "Historical Records", and the author is Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty.
Extended information
"The Chronicles of Qin Shihuang" records the main activities and major events in the lives of Qin Shihuang and Qin II in the form of chronology, with clear organization and rich content. , truly reflects the changing historical scenes in the forty years before and after the establishment of the Qin Dynasty.
This chronicle focuses on the activities of Qin Shihuang and Qin II, and is narrated year by year. It is simple and complex, and summary and heavy writing alternate. Reading the whole article not only gives people the original picture of history, but also gives people the original picture of history. It can make people feel that everything is a historical necessity, and the images of two generations of emperors are vividly presented before their eyes.
Writing about the First Emperor of Qin, he first briefly recounts the process of how he mobilized his troops and generals, took advantage of the victory to attack, and annexed the six countries based on the major victories achieved by the previous dynasties. Interspersed with the description of the crushing of the Lao Ai Lu Buwei Group , Li Si wrote a letter to admonish the guest, Wei Liao offered a plan, Jing Ke assassinated and other incidents.
Then he narrates his words, deeds and events after unifying the world. On the one hand, he lists such things as discussing the emperor's title, changing the calendar and clothing, dividing the world into thirty-six counties, unifying laws, unifying weights, measures and writing, Patrolling to carve stones, taking Luliang land from the south, attacking the Xiongnu from the north, building the Great Wall, a big debate in Xianyang Palace about learning from the past and learning from the present, burning books and harassing Confucians, etc.
On the other hand, it is listed that Qin Shihuang spent huge sums of money to send people into the sea to seek immortality, carry out large-scale construction projects to build Afang Palace and Lishan Mausoleum, kill innocent people at will, etc.
Baidu Encyclopedia - The Chronicle of the First Emperor of Qin 3. The Death of the First Emperor of Qin in Classical Chinese
"On the Passage of Qin" is the best introduction:
As for the First Emperor, Fen Liu The remaining heroes of the world took great measures to control the inner world, swallowed up the princes for two weeks, acted as the supreme and controlled the Liuhe, beat and beat the world, and shook the world. Taking the land of Baiyue in the south, I thought it was Guilin and Xiangjun. The king of Baiyue bowed his head and tied his neck, and ordered his subordinates. He ordered Meng Tian to build the Great Wall to the north and guard the fence, but he defeated the Huns for more than 700 miles. The barbarians did not dare to go south to herd horses, and the soldiers did not dare to bend their bows and complain. So he abolished the ways of the previous kings, burned the opinions of hundreds of families, and used foolishness to lead Guizhou. He made the city famous, killed the heroes, gathered all the soldiers of the world, gathered in Xianyang, sold Feng Dy, and cast it as the twelve golden people. People of the world. Then practice Huahua City, because the river is a pond, occupy the city of hundreds of millions of feet, and think it is solid in the face of unexpected abyss. The good generals guard the key points with their powerful crossbows, and the trustworthy ministers and elite soldiers prepare the troops. The world has been settled, and the First Emperor's heart is that he thinks that the Guanzhong is solid, the golden city is thousands of miles away, and the inheritance of descendants and emperors will last forever.
However, the Qin Dynasty used only a small area to develop the power of ten thousand times, ordering the eight states and dynasty in the same row, which lasted for more than a hundred years; then, Liuhe was his home and Weihan was his palace; when one man was in trouble, seven temples were destroyed. , die at the hands of others, and make the world laugh, why? If benevolence and righteousness are not applied, the offensive and defensive momentum will be different.
The key point is that "if benevolence and righteousness are not applied, the offensive and defensive momentum will be different." 4. Translation of the First Emperor's Travels in Classical Chinese
1. Translation On Guichou Day in October of the thirty-seventh year (210 BC), the First Emperor went on a tour.
Prime Minister Li Si on the left followed, while Prime Minister Feng Quji on the right stayed in the capital. The young son Hu Hai wanted to go on a tour and asked to follow him, and the emperor agreed.
In November, I walked to Yunmeng and worshiped Yu Shun in the distance at Jiuyi Mountain. Then take a boat down the Yangtze River, visit Jike, cross Haizhu, pass Danyang, and arrive at Qiantang.
When we arrived at the edge of Zhejiang, the water was dangerous, so we walked 120 miles westward and crossed the narrow place on the river. Climb Mount Kuaiji to offer sacrifices to Dayu and look out over the South China Sea.
Carve stones and erect monuments there to praise the merits of the Qin Dynasty. The First Emperor returned, passing through the land of Wu, and crossed the river by county.
Go north along the coast to Langye. The alchemist Xu Shi and others went into the sea to look for the elixir, but they couldn't find it for several years. They spent a lot of money and were afraid of being punished, so they deceived and said: "The elixir can be found in Penglai, but it is often troubled by big sharks, so it cannot be reached. I hope the emperor will send someone good at it." The archers go together, and when they encounter a big shark, they shoot it with a crossbow equipped with a mechanism that can be fired continuously."
The First Emperor dreamed of fighting with the sea god, who looked like a human being. I asked the dream divination doctor to realize the dream. The doctor said: "The water god is originally invisible. He uses the big fish and dragon as a detective.
Now the emperor is thoughtful and respectful in his sacrifices, but this kind of evil god appears. He should be eliminated. Get rid of it, and then the real good god can be found." So he ordered the people who entered the sea to carry tools for catching big fish, and personally took the bow and crossbow with mechanism to wait for the big fish to come out so that he could shoot it.
From Langye to the north until Rongcheng Mountain, I have never seen it. When he arrived at Zhifu, he met a big fish and shot one to death.
Then they headed west along the coast. 2. Source: Han Dynasty Sima Qian's "Historical Records Volume 6: The Sixth Annals of the First Emperor of Qin" 3. Original text In October of the thirty-seventh year of Guichou, the First Emperor went on a trip.
The prime minister on the left followed, and the prime minister on the right went to guard. The young son Hu Hai admired him and asked him to follow him, and promised him.
In November, I went to Yunmeng to worship Yu Shun at Jiuyi Mountain. Under the floating river, I watched Ji Ke and crossed the sea to Zhuhai.
Pass Danyang and arrive at Qiantang. Near Zhejiang, the water is rough, so we have to cross the narrow road one hundred and twenty miles west.
He went up to Kuaiji to offer sacrifices to Yu the Great. Looking at the South China Sea, he set up stone carvings praising the virtues of Qin. Return to Wu and take the ferry across the river.
Merging with the sea, reaching Langye in the north. The alchemist Xu Shi and others went into the sea to seek the magic medicine, but they couldn't get it for several years. They spent a lot of money and were afraid of punishment, so they deceived and said: "Penglai medicine can be obtained, but it is often suffered by big mackerel fish, so it can't come. I hope you can shoot it with me. See you." Then shoot him with a continuous crossbow."
The First Emperor dreamed of fighting with the sea god, as if he were a human being. Asked about the dream, the doctor said: "The water god is invisible, waiting for the big fish and dragon.
Today I pray to the temple to be careful, and if there is such an evil god, it should be removed, and the good god can come." Those who enter the sea are ordered to carry giant fishing gear, and they wait for the big fish to shoot with their crossbows.
From Langye north to Rongcheng Mountain, there is no sight. When he reached Zhifu, he saw a giant fish and shot one.
Then merged with Haixi. Extended information This chronicle records the main activities and major events in the lives of Qin Shihuang and Qin II in the form of a chronicle. It is clearly organized and rich in content, and truly reflects the changes in the forty years before and after the establishment of the Qin Dynasty. historical scene.
Centered on the activities of Qin Shihuang and Qin II. It is narrated year by year, with both simplified and complex text, alternating between summary and emphasis. Reading the whole article not only gives people the original appearance of history, but also makes people feel that everything is historical necessity. The images of the two generations of emperors are vividly presented in In front of you.
The general trend of historical development is always towards progress. With his simple materialist view of history, Sima Qian incorporated the idea of ??examining the Qin Dynasty's "success, failure, ups and downs" throughout "The Chronicles of Qin Shi Huang", which not only showed people the story of Qin Shi Huang, a feudal emperor who was both famous and ruined. Throughout his life, he has been exploring the reasons for the unification and demise of the Qin Dynasty.
Baidu Encyclopedia - The Chronicles of Qin Shihuang Baidu Encyclopedia - Historical Records. 5. Could you please tell me about the ancient text describing Qin Shihuang Ridge
--According to "Historical Records": The underground palace is filled with "all kinds of officials, rare objects, and treasures."
< p> Use mercury to infuse hundreds of rivers and seas, with astronomy at the top and geography at the bottom.Use the mermaid paste as a candle to save the immortal. "-According to "Han Shu": The underground palace. "The stone coffin is the traveling coffin, the human ointment is the lamp and candle, the mercury is the river, and the gold is the geese."
The collection of treasures, the changes in machinery, the beauty of the coffin and camphor, and the splendor of the palace are incomparable. Original. "Three springs are built at the bottom, gold and jade are mined together, the inside is smelted, and the outside is painted with gold and jade. It is decorated with jade. The middle becomes a sightseeing tour, and the upper part becomes a mountain forest."
- -According to "The Story of Sanfu": "Seven hundred steps around, with the bright moon as beads, fish paste as fat candles, gold and silver as geese, thirty boxes of gold silkworms, and four gates with emblems." -According to "Three Qin Dynasty" "Records" records: "In the Tomb of the First Emperor, the night pearls are used as sun and moon, and the sun and moon beads are hung to make the day and night bright.
" "Historical Records: The Chronicles of the First Emperor of Qin" writes: When the First Emperor came to the throne at the beginning, he wore the rule of Li. Mountain. And when the world was united, more than 700,000 people were sent to the world.
Go through the three springs, lower the imprisonment and then lead to the coffin. The palace is filled with hundreds of officials, all of them are filled with strange and rare artifacts.
He ordered the craftsmen to make machine crossbow arrows and shoot at those who came close. Use mercury to infuse hundreds of rivers, rivers and seas.
It has astronomy at the top and geography at the bottom. Use mermaid paste (it is said to be a four-legged fish that lives in the sea) as a candle to save those who are immortal for a long time.
The next person who described the construction and destruction of the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang was Ban Gu, another historian of the Han Dynasty. He wrote in "Hanshu·Liu Xiangzhuan": The First Emperor was buried in Lishan Mountain There are three springs at the bottom and three tombs at the top. They are more than fifty feet high and have a circuit of more than five miles. The stone walls are the amusement pavilion, the mermaids are the lamps and candles, the mercury is the rivers and seas, and the gold is the geese. ... Xiang Ji burnt his palace, and those who camped in the past saw the excavations. Later, the shepherd's son lost his sheep, and the sheep was dug into the hole. The shepherd held the fire to illuminate the sheep, and the fire burned the coffin.
Li Daoyuan, a geographer of the Northern Wei Dynasty, also has a similar description in his "Shui Jing Zhu": The first emperor of Qin had a grand funeral and built a home in Lirong Mountain. His name was Lantian, and he had many shades. Gold has a lot of yang and jade. The first emperor was greedy for its good reputation, so he hid it. The stone was cut from the mountain, three springs were imprisoned at the bottom, and the copper coffin was used as a coffin. It walked around for more than thirty miles. On the top, it painted the images of astronomical stars, and on the bottom, it used mercury to represent the four rivers, hundreds of rivers, five prisons, and nine states. It has geographical potential.
The palace is filled with hundreds of officials and rare artifacts and treasures. ... Xiang Yu entered the pass and sent it, and he could not run out of supplies with 300,000 people and 30 days to transport the goods.
Thieves from Guandong sold the coffin to get the copper, and the shepherds searched for the sheep to burn them. The fire lasted for ninety days and could not be extinguished. Zhang Hua's "Natural History" of the Jin Dynasty is very valuable. It contains a folk song when the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang was being built: Stones are transported to the mouth of the sweet spring, and the Wei River does not flow; thousands of people sing, thousands of people praise, the remaining stones in Jinling are as big as (earth area) .
Du Mu, the director of the Ministry of Industry in the Ming Dynasty, was a person who liked to explore ancient monuments. He "went to Qin as an envoy" and made new additions and records after inspecting the Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin. It was written in "Lishan Ji": There are four gates in the inner city of the First Emperor's Mausoleum on Friday, and there are ten gates in the outer city on Tuesday. Both of them exist. Climbing from the south, the two Qiu stand side by side. People say: This south The door is also.
The stone hinge of the right gate is still exposed in the earth. The height of the mausoleum can be four feet. Xiang Yu and Huang Chao both tried it. The old man said: The First Emperor was buried in the mountain, and this is a particularly empty tomb.
In other classics such as "Miscellaneous Notes of Xijing", "Records of Sanqin", "Story of Sanfu", "Miscellaneous Notes of Shanling", "Chronicles of Chang'an County and Country", there are rumors and stories about this artificial mountain. Records all have a certain length. . 6. Poems from the life of Qin Shihuang
Ancient Style The original name of King Qin’s sweep of Liuhe was: Ancient Style (Part Three)
King Qin swept Liuhe, what a majestic sight. Swing your sword to cut through the floating clouds, and all the princes will come to the west.
The clear judgment comes from the apocalypse, and it is easy to master the talents of the group. Withdraw the troops and cast the golden man, and open Han Valley due to the east.
Inscribed on the Kuaiji Ridge, looking at Langyatai. Seven hundred thousand prisoners were sentenced to Tulishan Kuma.
Still taking the elixir of death, confusion makes my heart sad. A continuous crossbow shoots at sea fish, and a long whale looks at Cui Wei.
The forehead and nose are like the five mountains, making waves and spraying clouds and thunder. The mane covers the blue sky, how can you see Penglai?
Xu market carries the daughter of Qin, when will the boat return from the building? But under the three springs, there is a golden coffin buried in cold ashes.
Write an inscription? Just choose it here. . . Historical masterpieces have been washed away for thousands of years, and what remains must be the essence. What a summary! 7. Introduction to ancient texts on emperors of the Han Dynasty
Introduction to the first emperor of the Han Dynasty, Han Gaozu Liu Bang, Han Gaozu Liu Bang, (256 BC - 195 BC), nicknamed Ji, named Peigong, and posthumously named Emperor Gao. The temple name is Gaozu.
The surname was from Zhongyangli, Fengyi, Peijun (now part of Fengxian County, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province). He was born in the 59th year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty, which is the eighth day of February in 256 BC.
He is the third among four brothers. He has an open-minded temperament, knows people well and is good at assigning tasks.
In 216 BC, at the age of thirty-one, he became the pavilion chief of Sishui. In the ninth month of Renchen's year in 209 BC, he participated in the uprising led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, and later joined the Chu camp. Taking advantage of another general Xiang Yu, he fought a tug-of-war with the Qin army. Without Qin's main force and his After the army battle, he was the first to attack Xianyang, the capital of Qin, and destroyed the Qin Dynasty. He was named King of Han by Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu. He used Shu as his base and started a four-year conflict between Chu and Han with Xiang Yu. With the help of Zhang Liang in literature, Han Xin in military affairs, and Xiao He in the rear, Liu Bang finally surrounded Xiang Yu's army in Gaixia and set up an ambush on all sides. Xiang Yu failed to break through and committed suicide by the Wujiang River. After Liu Bang eliminated Xiang Yu, he unified the country. China.
In 206 BC, Yi Wei proclaimed himself emperor in Luoyang and established the Han Dynasty. Since then, Japan has been geographically unified again, laying the foundation for future strength. The capital was later moved to Chang'an (today's Xi'an City) reigned for twelve years and died on April 25, Bingwu year, 195 BC (Jiachen day). He died at the age of 61 and was buried in the east of Xianyang County, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, called Changling.
My concubine Lu Pheasant died at the age of Renxu in 179 BC and was buried in Dongling, Xianyang County, Chang'an. How many sons did Liu Bang have? Liu Bang, the founder of the Han Dynasty, was originally married to his wife, Queen Lv Zhi, and he also had many other concubines, including his wives Qi and Bo.
Liu Bang and their wives gave birth to 8 sons: the eldest son Liu Fei (named King of Qi), the second son Liu Ying (named Emperor Xiaohui), the third son Liu Ruyi (named King of Zhao), the fourth son The son Liu Heng (i.e. Emperor Wen), the fifth son Liu Hui (the title of King of Liang), the sixth son Liu You (the title of King of Huaiyang), the seventh son Liu Chang (the title of King of Huainan), and the eighth son Liu Jian (the title of King of Yan). Who did Liu Bang make the crown prince? Who was the emperor after Liu Bang? The prince of Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, was Liu Ying (Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty, the second emperor of the Western Han Dynasty).
Liu Bang*** had 8 sons. Liu Ying is the second son, born to Liu Bang and his first wife Lu Fei (Queen Lu).
Liu Ying was born in the thirty-sixth year of the First Emperor of Qin (211 BC). When Liu Bang became the emperor of the Han Dynasty, he made Liu Ying the crown prince. Liu Ying was only nine years old at this time. 8. What is the real name of Qin Shihuang?
Qin Shihuang Ying Zheng (259 BC - 210 BC), surnamed Zhao, also known as Zhao Zheng (Zheng), or Zulong.
The son of King Zhuangxiang of Qin and Ji Zhao. A famous politician, strategist, and reformer in Chinese history. He was the political figure who completed the unification of China for the first time. He was also the first monarch in China to call himself emperor.
Qin Shihuang believed that his contribution was better than that of the previous Three Emperors and Five Emperors. He used the "Emperor" of the Three Emperors and the "Emperor" of the Five Emperors to form the title of "Emperor". He was the first to use the title of "Emperor" in Chinese history. The emperor, so he called himself the "First Emperor". At the same time, the central government implements the Three Gongs and Nine Ministers to manage national affairs.
At the local level, the enfeoffment system was abolished and replaced by the system of counties and counties. At the same time, the books were written in the same text, the carriages were on the same track, and weights and measures were unified. They attacked the Xiongnu in the north, conquered Baiyue in the south, built the Great Wall, built spiritual canals, and connected water systems.
Extended information: After Qin Wangzheng came to power, he appointed Wei Liao, Li Si and others to actively promote the unified strategy. In 236 BC, a war broke out between Zhao and Yan.
The State of Zhao sent troops to attack Yan, and the State of Qin sent Wang Jian and other generals to attack Zhao State in the name of saving Yan. They successively captured Zhao's Yanyu, Fuyang (northwest of Nanyang), Hejian (Hebei) The Zhangshui River Basin was already occupied by the Qin Dynasty. In 234 BC, Qin launched a large-scale attack on Zhao and established Yanmen County and Yunzhong County with the captured Zhao land.
In 231 BC, Wei was forced to donate part of its land to Qin, and South Korea was also forced to donate Nanyang to Qin. Qin sent Shi Teng to serve as the fake guard of Nanyang.
In 230 BC, Qin sent Nei Shiteng to attack Korea, captured Han Wang An, and established Yingchuan County in Korea, and Korea was destroyed. At this time, a severe drought occurred in Zhao State.
Qin general Wang Jian led his troops directly to Jingxing (west of Jingxing County, Hebei Province), and Qin general Yang Duanhe led Hanoi troops to encircle Handan, the capital of Zhao. Zhao sent Li Mu and Sima Shang to lead an army to resist.
Guo Kai, the favored minister of King Zhao, accepted bribes from Qin and spread rumors that Li Mu and Sima Shang were plotting rebellion. Therefore, King Zhao replaced Li Mu and Sima Shang with Zhao Cong and Yan Ju, and killed Li Mu.
In 229 BC, Wang Jian defeated the Zhao army, killed Zhao Cong, and captured the king of Zhao. Zhao Gongzijia led hundreds of people from his clan to flee to Zhao's Dai County and proclaimed himself King of Dai.
Qin established Handan County in the area of ??Handan, the capital of Zhao. In 227 BC, Qin sent Wang Jian and Xin Sheng to attack Yan.
Yan and Dai sent troops to resist, but were defeated by the Qin army to the west of Yishui. The following year, the Qin army captured Jicheng, the capital of Yan.
The King of Yan moved his capital to Liaodong. Qin general Li Xin led his troops to pursue him. King Yan Xi followed Dai Wangjia's plan, killed Prince Dan, and offered Prince Dan's head to Qin to seek peace.
In 226 BC, a rebellion broke out in the capital of South Korea. The Qin State sent troops to quell the rebellion of South Korea and took the opportunity to execute King An of Han. In 225 BC, the King of Qin sent General Wang Ben to attack Wei, surrounded the Wei capital Daliang (Kaifeng City), and diverted water from the Yellow River to flood the city. Within three months, Daliang City was destroyed, the King of Wei surrendered, and the Wei Kingdom was destroyed.
Qin established Dangjun in the eastern region of Wei. In 225 BC, Qin sent Li Xin and Meng Wu with an army of 200,000 to attack Chu.
Li Xin attacked Chu's Pingyu (north of Pingyu County), and Mengwu attacked Chu's Qi (Linquan County, Anhui), achieving initial victory. The Qin and Chu armies met in Chengfu Yi (now Chengfu Ji, southeast of Bo County, Anhui Province). Chu took advantage of the Qin army's unpreparedness to launch a counterattack and defeated the Qin army.
Wang Jian, the king of the Later Qin Dynasty, led an army of 600,000 to go out and defeated the Chu army in Qi (now southeast of Suxian County, Anhui), forcing Chu general Xiang Yan to commit suicide. Then the Qin army invaded Shouchun, the capital of Chu, and captured King Chu of Chu.
The Qin Dynasty established Jiujiang County (Shou County, Anhui) and Changsha County (Changsha City, Hunan) in Chu. In 222 BC, Wang Jian pacified Chu's Jiangnan area, surrendered the king of Yue, and established Kuaiji County. Chu was destroyed.
While destroying Chu, Qin continued to expand eastward, setting up counties one after another, and captured Qi, establishing Xue County (Qufu County, Shandong Province). In 222 BC, King Qin sent Wang Ben to attack Yan's Liaodong, captured King Xi of Yan, and destroyed the Yan state.
Then he returned to attack Dai, captured Wang Jia of Dai, and established Dai County (southwest of Yu County, Hebei) and Liaodong County (the old city of Liaoyang City, Liaoning Province). In 221 BC, Qin general Wang Bi went south from Yan to attack Qi, captured King Jian of Qi, destroyed Qi, and established Qi County (northeast of Zibo City, Shandong Province) and Langye County (Xiahe City, southwest of Jiaonan County, Shandong Province) in the old land of Qi.