Juanshan cattle are small, meticulous and compact, with clear outline. The head is small and light, the distance between eyes is wide, and the ears are big and thin. The angle is medium-sized, amber, pointed black, and bent forward. The neck is small, wrinkled and well developed. The chest is deep and wide, the back and waist are straight, the abdominal circumference is large, and the buttocks are long, flat and wide. The hindquarters are more developed and wedge-shaped than the forequarters. The tail broom is slender. Thin limbs and small hooves. The breast is well developed, beautiful in shape, soft in texture, with thick and curved mammary veins and slightly smaller nipples.
Zhushan cattle are short and shiny, and their coat colors are taupe, light brown and dark brown, with light brown being the most. The nose mirror and tongue are black, there are faint loops around the mouth and eyes, and the tail broom is black.
Juanshan cattle are small in size, and the live weight of adult bulls is 650 ~ 750 kg. Cow height 1 13cm, body length 133cm and weight 340-450kg. Calves weigh 23-27kg at birth.
Zhushan cattle have early sexual maturity and generally calve at the age of 24 months. Generally, the average annual milk production is about 3500 ~ 4500 kg. This kind of milk is thick, milky yellow and has a good flavor. The average milk fat rate is 5.5% ~ 6.0%. Milk fat globules are large and easy to separate, which is suitable for making butter.
Zhushan cattle are also famous for their heat resistance and strong disease resistance.
Juanshan cattle was introduced to China in the past, but it was not maintained. In recent years, it has been introduced again, mainly for pure breeding and production of milk butter. Or improve the variety cattle with low milk fat rate to increase the milk fat rate; Or improve the tropical and subtropical local cattle in the southern region to increase their milk production.