The surname Kong is a very ancient Chinese surname. It has a small population in China and currently ranks 384th among the 100 surnames. There are five main origins of the surname Kong: first, it comes from the Kongsang clan of the Shang Dynasty, and the ancestor of the surname is Kongsang; second, it comes from the Kongtong clan, who is named after the name of the feudal town; third, it comes from the official position of Sikong, who is named after the official title. The fourth is from the Kongxiang clan, and the fifth is from the Manchu, which is a Chinese surname changed to a surname. 1. The origin and origin of the surname Kong
1. It comes from the Kongsang clan, and the surname is derived from the ancestor Kongsang
The surname Kong first came from the Kongsang clan, and it is a surname based on the name of the city. During the Shang Dynasty, there was a wise minister named Yi Yin. He assisted Cheng Tang to destroy Xia Jie and established the Shang Dynasty. Yiyin was born in Kongsang (an ancient place name, south of today's Chenliu Town, Kaifeng, Henan). In order to commemorate his birthplace, Yiyin named his eldest son Kongsang.
Later, many of the descendants of Kongsang took Kongsang as the compound surname and were called the Kongsang clan. With the evolution of history, many Kongsang clan members later simplified their surnames into the single surnames Kong and Sang. , passed down from generation to generation. Therefore, the surname Kong is a very old surname, which can be traced back to 3,500 years ago, and most people of the Kong clan respect Kong Sang as the ancestor of the surname.
2. From the Kongtong family, named after the name of the fiefdom.
According to legend, during the Huangdi period, he went to Kongtong Mountain twice to seek advice from Guangchengzi on the principles of governing the country and maintaining health; In the Shang Dynasty, some of the descendants of the Shang ancestors were enfeoffed in the land of Kongtong and established the Kongtong Kingdom. After that, among the descendants and citizens of the Kongtong Kingdom, most of them took the name of the country as their surname and were called the Kongtong clan. Later, they were all simplified to the single surname Kong in provincial script and passed down from generation to generation. This is also one of the origins and origins of the Kongtong surname.
3. It comes from the official position Sikong, and is based on the official title.
In addition, some of today’s Kong surnames come from the official position Sikong, and are based on the official title. The official position of Sikong was first set up by Shaohao, the son of the Yellow Emperor. It was continued during the reign of Emperor Shun. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the full name of Sikong became "Dongguan Sikong". He was a core member of the highest ruling group during the entire Zhou Dynasty, that is, one of the Three Officials and Six Ministers. One of the six ministers.
After the Western Zhou Dynasty, Sikong was continued to be used by subsequent countries. In the Sui, Tang and Song dynasties, Sikong was one of the three princes, with a very high status, but it was only a false title. Among the people who served as Sikong officials in the past dynasties, their descendants all took the official title of their ancestors as their surnames, and they were called the Sikong family. Later, in provincial texts, they were simplified to the single surnames Kong family and Si family, which have been passed down from generation to generation to this day.
4. Modified by Kong Xiangshi
Zi Qi was the founder of the Song Dynasty in the Zhou Dynasty. He was the prime minister of the country at the end of the Yin and Shang Dynasties, and was later granted the title of Wei (now Shanxi). Lucheng), so it is also called Wei Ziqi. When Wei Ziqi left Chaoge, he was empty of the position of Prime Minister and could not play any role, so he called himself "Kong Xiangshi". Among the descendants of Wei Ziqi, there are those who take the name of their ancestors as their surnames, and they are called Kongxiang clan. Later, they were simplified to the single surnames Kong clan and Xiang clan, which have been passed down from generation to generation to this day.
5. Originated from the Manchu people and changed their surnames into surnames after Sinicization
Among the origins and origins of Kong surnames, there are still a small number of people who come from the Manchu people and changed their surnames into surnames after Sinicization. According to the historical record "General Chronicles of the Qing Dynasty? Clan Profile? Surnames of the Eight Banners of Manchuria": the Manchu Wentun family lived in Wula, Jilin (now Changchun, Jilin) ??for a long time. It is one of the oldest surnames of the Manchu people. After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, Han surnames with multiple crowns were Kong, Dun, Wen, Kong, etc. 2. Ranking of hundreds of surnames with the Kong surname
The Kong surname is an ancient surname with many ethnic groups and origins. The origin and origin of the Kong surname are mainly from the above five places. The earliest can be traced back to 3500 years ago. The ancestor of the surname was It is Kongsang, currently ranked 384th among the 100 surnames, after the surname Rao and before the surname Zeng. Friends who are interested can also take a look at the origin and origin of the surname Rao, as well as the origin and origin of the surname Zeng. 3. Are there many people with the surname Kong (distribution)
In China, the surname Kong is a relatively rare surname, so the population is not large. The total population is not included in mainland China and Taiwan Province. The top 300 surnames in a hundred families, so the specific value is unknown.
As for the distribution of the Kong surname, we only know that the famous Kong family lived in Gongqiu County (the present location is in the north of Zibo City, Shandong Province, and it is also said to be in the southeast of today's Changle County, Shandong Province) and Dunqiu (in today's Henan Province).