Knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine: heat-clearing medicine·Gardenia
The fruit of Gardenia is a traditional Chinese medicine. It belongs to the first batch of medicinal and food dual-use resources issued by the Ministry of Health. It has liver protection and beneficial effects. It has bile, antihypertensive, sedative, hemostatic, swelling and other effects. In clinical TCM, it is often used to treat jaundice hepatitis, sprains, hypertension, diabetes and other diseases. In order to help students know more about the pharmaceutical knowledge of gardenia, we have compiled the pharmaceutical knowledge about the heat-clearing medicine gardenia as follows:
Source
"Shen Nong's Materia Medica"
Alias
Mountain gardenia, branch, yellow gardenia, wood Dan
English scientific name
Fructus Gardeniae
Prescription names
Stir-fried Gardenia, Jiaoshan Gardenia, Black Gardenia (fried until the skin turns black, used to clear away heat, purge fire, cool blood and stop bleeding), Raw Gardenia (raw (It has strong ability to clear away heat and purge fire)
Medicinal use
This product is the dried and mature fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, a plant in the Rubiaceae family. Produced in the provinces south of the Yangtze River. Harvest the fruits from September to November when they are mature and appear red and yellow. Remove the fruit stems and impurities, steam them until they become airy or blanch them slightly in boiling water, take them out and dry them. Use raw, stir-fried or charcoal-fried.
Nature and flavor
Bitter, cold.
Return to the meridians
Return to the heart, lungs, and triple burner meridians.
Efficacy
1. Purging fire and removing irritability: fever and upset (Yueju Pills, Gardenia Soybean Soup, Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder); high fever and irritability (Qingwen Baidu Drink, Huanglian Jiedu Decoction).
2. Clear away heat and remove dampness: jaundice caused by damp-heat; short red urine (Yinchenhao Decoction, Gardenia Baipi Decoction); hot stranguria (Bazheng Powder); bloody stranguria (Xiaojiyinzi).
3. Cool blood and detoxify: blood heat and bleeding (Shihui powder); carbuncle and sore.
4. External application to reduce swelling and pain relief: external application to treat sprains and contusions.
Clinical application
1. Fever and upset. This product is bitter and cold, can clear away triple burner fire evil, purge heart fire, and relieve troubles. It is an important medicine for treating fever, upset, restlessness and restlessness. It can be used together with light fermented soybean, such as Gardenia fermented fermented soybean soup ("Treatise on Febrile Diseases"). "); if combined with Scutellaria baicalensis, Coptis chinensis, Cortex Phellodendri, etc., it can be used to treat febrile diseases in which the fire poison is strong and the three burners are hot, resulting in high fever, irritability, coma and delirium, such as Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (Cui's prescription cited in "Waitai Mi Yao").
2. Damp-heat jaundice. This product has the effect of clearing away scorched liver and gallbladder dampness and heat. It can be used to treat jaundice and short red urine caused by dampness and heat in the liver and gallbladder. It is often used with wormwood, rhubarb and other medicines, such as Yinchenhao Decoction ("Treatise on Febrile Diseases"), or with Cortex Phellodendron. For use, such as Gardenia and Baipi Decoction ("Synopsis of the Golden Chamber").
3. Lingyin syndrome is astringent and painful. This product is good at clearing away dampness and heat from the lower Jiao and relieving stranguria. It clears away heat and cools blood to stop bleeding. Therefore, it can treat bloody stranguria, astringent pain or heat stranguria syndrome. It is often used with Akebia, Plantago Seed, Talc, etc., such as Bazheng Powder ("Heji") Bureau Prescription").
4. Vomiting due to heat in blood. This product has the function of clearing away heat and cooling the blood. It can be used to treat hematemesis, epistaxis and other symptoms caused by blood heat. It is often used with Imperata root, rhubarb, Platycladus orientalis leaves and other medicinals, such as Shihui powder ("Ten Medicines God Book"); If used with Scutellaria baicalensis, Coptis chinensis, and Phellodendron cypress, it can cure vomiting blood and epistaxis due to excess fire in the triple burner, such as Coptis chinensis Jiedu Decoction (Cui's prescription cited in "Waitai Mi Yao").
5. Red, swollen and painful eyes. This product clears and purges triple burner heat evil, and can treat red eyes, swelling and pain caused by liver and gallbladder fire. It is often used with rhubarb, such as Gardenia Decoction ("Waitai Mi Yao").
6. Heat poisonous sores. This product has the functions of clearing away heat, purging fire, cooling blood and detoxifying. It can be used to treat those with fire poisonous sores, redness, swelling and heat pain. It is often used with honeysuckle, forsythia and dandelion. It can also be used with Angelica dahurica to help reduce swelling, such as Shuidu Powder ("Puji Fang"). 》).
7. Sprain and pain. This product is used externally to reduce swelling and relieve pain, and to treat sprains and bruises. You can mix raw gardenia powder and rice wine into a paste and apply it externally to the affected area.
Jiao Zhizi Gong specializes in cooling blood and stopping bleeding. It is used for blood heat, vomiting blood, epistaxis, hematuria, and metrorrhagia.
General dosage and usage
Decoction, 6-10g. Appropriate amount of raw product for external use, grind into powder and apply.
Precautions for use
This product is bitter and cold, hurts the stomach, and should not be used by those with spleen deficiency and loose stools.
Identification and use of medicine
Gardenia is used as medicine. In addition to the whole fruit being used as medicine, the peel and seeds are also used separately. Gardenia peel (peel) tends to reach the surface and removes heat from the skin; gardenia kernel (seed) tends to travel inside and clears away internal heat. Raw Gardenia jasminoides dissipates qi and clears away heat and purges fire. Burnt Gardenia jasminoides enters the blood component and cools blood and stops bleeding.
Notes
1. Gardenia, also known as mountain gardenia, is light and clear and ascends. It can purge lung fire and remove superficial heat in the muscles. When treating external febrile disease and external or internal heat, It can act as a dual solution; this product relieves bitter cold, relieves triple burner fire, cools the blood and relieves heat in the heart. It can be used for fever, upset, blood-heat disorder, and hot stranguria and hematuria. Therefore, Gardenia can not only clear Qi and separate heat, but also clear blood and separate heat. As for releasing heat and removing dampness, it can be used to treat jaundice, which is also its specialty.
2. This product is paired with Scutellaria baicalensis, which can purge lung fire; plus light tempeh, it can relieve both external and internal heat; coupled with Scutellaria baicalensis, it can purge triple burner fire and clear away heart heat; coupled with Rehmannia glutinosa and paeonol bark , can cool blood and stop bleeding, treat blood-heat disorder, vomiting, epistaxis, and blood in the urine; combined with Cortex Phellodendron and Artemisia miltiorrhiza, it can clear away heat and dampness, and treat damp-heat jaundice.
3. In the past, in clinical applications, gardenia bark was used to remove surface heat, and gardenia kernels were used to clear away heat from the heart. Now, in Shanghai, this has been simplified. The whole gardenia is used, and there is no longer any separation of gardenia peel, gardenia peel, and heart heat. Gardenia.
Examples of prescriptions
Gardenia and Rhubarb Decoction "Golden Chamber Synopsis": gardenia, rhubarb, citrus aurantium, and tempeh. Treat alcoholism, upset or hot pain in the heart.
Literature excerpts
1. "Shen Nong's Materia Medica": It governs the five internal evil qi, heat in the stomach, red face, wine blisters, sore nose, white skin and red skin ulcers. ?
2. "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Gardenia, if used as an adjuvant, the treatment will be different." Adding Yincheng to remove damp-heat jaundice, adding tempeh to remove heart fire and irritability, adding Magnolia officinalis and Citrus aurantium to remove irritability and fullness, adding ginger and tangerine peel to remove vomiting and filth, and Tongyuanhu to remove heat stagnation, blood stasis and abdominal pain. ?
Modern research
1. Chemical composition: This product contains isogeniposide, desoxygeniposide, gardeninone glycoside, geniposide and geniposide Acids and flavonoids gardenia, triterpenoids crocin, crocetic acid, ursolic acid, etc.
2. Pharmacological effects: Gardenia extract has a significant effect on reducing the increase in GOT in animals with common bile duct ligation; Gardenia and the iridoids it contains have choleretic effects; its extracts and saffron Glycosides, crocetin, geniprosin, etc. can increase bile secretion; gardenia and its extracts are beneficial to the pancreas and reduce pancreatic enzymes, and geniposide has the most significant effect on reducing pancreatic amylase; gardenia decoction and alcohol The extract has antihypertensive effect, and the component crocetin contained in it can reduce the incidence of arteriosclerosis; the alcohol extract of gardenia has a sedative effect; this product is effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Neisseria meningitidis, and Coccus catarrhalis, etc. Inhibitory effect; its water extract has inhibitory effect on a variety of skin fungi in vitro.
3. Clinical study: Grind gardenia into fine powder, mix with egg white, flour, and white wine in appropriate amounts, and mix it into a paste, apply it to the sprained area, and treat 300 cases of closed soft tissue injuries. After 1 298 cases were cured after the first treatment (Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1988, 2:44); 3 cases of mutton poisoning were treated with 40 to 60g of Gardenia jasminoides, decoction and taken immediately (Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1983, 4:56) 37 cases of acute edematous pancreatitis were treated with Chaizhi Tongyu decoction, which is composed of gardenia, bupleurum, rhubarb, soybean, and salvia miltiorrhiza, and achieved satisfactory results [Journal of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Science Edition), 2001 , 1:59)]. ;