When you talk about Ma Huanghou, you may first think of Ma Huanghou, the wife of Zhu Yuanzhang, the great ancestor of the Ming Dynasty. In fact, there was also a Ma Huanghou in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and she was also a famous sage in history.
Ma Shi, the queen of Mingde, whose name is unknown, was born in 39 AD, and her father was Ma Yuan, the founder of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
When Ma Shi was 1 years old, his father Ma Yuan went out to war, his brother Ma Keqing died, and his mother Mrs. Lin fell ill because of excessive grief. Ma Shi took care of her mother, while taking care of her housework and disciplining her servants, and everything inside and outside was handled in an orderly way, just like an adult, which surprised her family.
At the age of 11, Ma Yuan, his father, died of illness in the army. After his death, he was framed by his political opponents. Liu Xiu, the Guangwu Emperor, was furious and took away the title of the new marquis of Ma's family. As a result, Ma's family declined day by day and was in a very difficult situation. And because Ma Yuan was too upright and had offended many dignitaries, after Ma Yuan's death, the dignitaries took the opportunity to bully Ma's family.
Shortly after her father's death, Ma was seriously ill. Her family invited famous doctors for her, but the medicine stone was ineffective and she could not be cured for a long time. My mother, Mrs. Lin, was very worried, so she had to send someone to tell Ma the good or bad fortune. The fortune teller said after divination, "Don't worry, although this woman is ill, she will be very expensive, and her omen cannot be said."
? Unknown so, Mrs. Lin, invited the fortune teller to her home. When the fortune teller saw Ma Shi, she said in surprise, "I will certainly be a vassal to this woman. However, although she is noble, she has no children, but if she can raise the children born to others with her heart, she will be stronger than her own children. " The implication is already obvious, that is, it implies that Ma Shi is the queen's life.
Sure enough, Ma Shi's condition improved soon, and he soon recovered.
When Ma Shi was 13, her cousin Ma Yan heard that Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu was going to choose a wife for the princes, and wrote that Ma Yuan had also made meritorious service to the imperial court, requesting Ma Yuan's daughter as the candidate. Finally, Ma was selected and entered the womb. Because Ma was too young, Queen Yin Lihua kept her by her side as a maid. Ma's cleverness and cleverness, as well as his familiarity with etiquette, won Yin Lihua's love. When he was older, Ma was favored by Prince Liu Zhuang, and they became a couple, very loving.
In 57 AD, Liu Xiu, Guangwu Emperor, died, and Prince Liu Zhuang ascended the throne for Emperor Han Ming. Ma Shi was made a noble by Ming Di. Although Ming Di doted on Ma Shi, Ma Shi never gave birth to a boy and a girl. Later, Jia Guiren gave birth to the prince Liu Wei, and Ming Di handed Liu Wei over to Ma Wei for raising, and said to her: "People don't have to have their own sons, but they are afraid of not taking good care of them." Ma Shi raised Liu Shi carefully, like his own son. And Liu Wei is also filial and honest by nature, so the mother is kind and filial, and there is no contradiction.
In 6 A.D., ministers asked Ming Di to make a queen. Ming Di intends to be the queen immediately, but because Ma has no children, she is afraid of opposition, so Ming Di is reluctant to make a statement. Empress Dowager Yin Lihua said: "Ma Guiren's virtue is unparalleled in the harem, so let's make her." This is exactly what Ming Di wanted, so he was named as the queen immediately.
in 75 ad, after Ming Di's death, Liu Wei, Ma's adopted son, ascended the throne as Emperor Zhang of Han Dynasty, honoring Ma as Empress Dowager. In 79 AD, Ma died at the age of 41. She was the queen of Mingde, posthumous title, and was buried with Ming Di in Xianjie Mausoleum.
Although Ma Shi is an expensive queen and empress dowager, she is humble and simple all her life, and never pursues enjoyment, setting a precedent for a queen to wear cloth. Moreover, Ma's knowledge of books and rituals, his understanding of reason and righteousness, his disbelief in sorcery, his kindness to others and his restraint on consorts played a very important role in the politics of Ming Di and Zhang Emperor. Ming Di and Emperor Zhang are both wise kings in history, which is called "the rule of Ming Dynasty" in history, and Ma contributed a lot. Ma's virtue has also become an example for later generations of empresses to learn. "Biography of Continued Women" praised her as "a teacher for all women at home, and a model for the mother in China".
In addition, it is worth mentioning that Ma Shi was the first female historian in China, and she wrote the book "Notes on Residency of Xianzong", which initiated the style of "Notes on Residency".