Yanmen County: During the Warring States Period, King Wuling of Zhao initially established Yanmen County, which was followed by the Qin and Han Dynasties. Yanmen County is equivalent to the area around Dai County in Shanxi Province today. There is Yanmen Pass, which is one of the important towns on the Great Wall.
The origin of "Nong"
There are three sources of Nong (N?ng Nong):
1. Comes from the Shennong family, a descendant of Emperor Yan, and takes the surname Wangfu. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou appointed the descendants of the Shennong family as agricultural officials, responsible for agricultural production and praying for good harvests. His descendants took farming as their surname.
2. Comes from the official name. In ancient times, the officials responsible for managing agricultural affairs were called agricultural officials. Some of the descendants of people who hold this official position take the surname "Nong" in their official names and are called Nong.
3. Change of surname from other ethnic groups and minority ethnic groups with Nong surname: ① The surname of Nong of Zhuang people is changed to Han surname. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhao Songming exterminated the relatives of the Nong tribe of the Zhuang people in Nongdong, Guangxi, and changed the people of Nongdong to Han surnames in the name of giving them the surname "Congliang". In order to avoid the disaster of beheading and annihilating the clan, some of the Nongdong Zhuang people changed their surname to Zhao, and some reluctantly gave up their love. They omitted the word "Nong" next to "people" and adopted "Nong" as their surname. In addition, the family tree said that their ancestors came from Shandong with Di Qing. ②The Qiang people originally had the Sunong surname, but changed their Han surname to the Nong surname.
The ancestor was given the surname
Shennong. Namely Emperor Yan, he was also called the Lieshan clan, Lieshan clan, Lishan clan, and Lianshan clan. The Laishan clan was called the "Pao Xi clan" in the Book of Changes, and the Shennong clan was the king. , as the Yan Emperor, the Red Emperor, and the Nong Emperor. Shennong was originally the leader of a tribe with the surname Jiang in the Jiangshui River Basin. He later invented wooden farming tools and taught the people how to raise crops, make pottery, weave and use fire. He became famous for his achievements and won the king with fire. Therefore, he became Emperor Yan and was known as Shennong. He established his capital in Qufu, Shandong, and was revered as the God of Agriculture by later generations. Shennong once traveled across mountains and rivers, tasted all kinds of herbs, and searched for good medicines to cure diseases and detoxify, so as to save his life from childhood injuries. Later, he died of intestinal rupture due to accidentally ingesting "flame seeds". "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" is based on his works. Emperor Yan Shennong reigned for 120 years, and the title of Shennong was passed down to seven generations for a total of 380 years. Shennong had a son named Zhu, also named Nong, that is, Yanju. Some of his descendants took Nong as their surname and were called Nong. From generation to generation, today's Nong surname was formed. Therefore, the ancestor of the Nong surname is Shennong.
Migration distribution
The Nong surname is not among the top 100 surnames in both mainland China and Taiwan. In ancient times, Emperor Yan was the leader of a famous clan tribe. His tribe worshiped the phoenix totem, and together with the Huangdi clan who worshiped the dragon totem, they were considered the ancestors of the Chinese nation. Emperor Yan's tribe was very good at agricultural production, and the planting industry was very developed. Planting was more secure than hunting and gathering, so his tribe was very prosperous. Among the descendants of Emperor Yan, there was the Shennong family. According to legend, he taught people all over the world how to sow and cultivate the land. He was very respected and famous all over the world. Some of Shennong's descendants took Nong as their surname and were called Nong. From generation to generation, today's Nong surname was formed. By the Zhou Dynasty, agricultural production occupied a more important position in social production. The imperial court also set up a special official position called "Nongzheng", which was responsible for the world's agricultural production and praying for good weather. It was a very important official position. Some of Nong Zheng's descendants took their official surnames from their official positions, which is another origin of today's Nong surname. Another branch of the Nong surname originated from the Nong family of the Zhuang ethnic group in Guangxi during the Northern Song Dynasty. The Northern Song Dynasty was too busy dealing with the wars against Liao and Xixia in the north and had no time to look south. In the third year of Xiangfu (1010), the Jiaozhi Li Dynasty was established. The Jiaozhi Li Dynasty took advantage of the loosening of the southern border of the Northern Song Dynasty to seize Zhuang land, plunder the population, and extract wealth. The war between Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty and the Li Dynasty of Jiaozhi during the reign of Xining. continue to infest the coastal areas of Guangxi. Nong Zhigao raised an army to resist and established the "Dali Kingdom" in Tangyou Prefecture (today's eastern Jingxi County). King Li Dezheng of Jiaozhi sent troops to suppress it. Nong Zhigao repeatedly requested to surrender to the Northern Song Dynasty, but the Northern Song Dynasty ignored him in order to avoid trouble on the southern battlefield. Nong Zhigao established the "Nantian Kingdom" in Andezhou (today's Jingxi County).
In the fourth year of Huangyou's reign (1052), he led his troops to capture Yongzhou City (today's Nanning City), proclaimed himself "Emperor Renhui", changed the country's name to "Da Nan Guo", and the reign name Qi Li. Then, he sent his troops eastward along the Yujiang River. In more than 10 days, they defeated 9 states along the river and reached the city of Guangzhou. Nong Zhigao's army also rapidly expanded from 5,000 to 50,000. The siege of Guangzhou City lasted for 57 days. The Northern Song Dynasty dispatched a large army to encircle and suppress the enemy. Nong Zhigao led his troops back to Guangxi, where Song general Di Qing was defeated at Guirenpu, Kunlun Pass. The feudal rulers violently conquered the resistance struggles of the Zhuang ancestors. On the one hand, they massacred them, and on the other hand, they plundered a large number of Zhuang ancestors as slaves, so that the survivors gradually accepted Han culture under the whip and integrated into the Han nationality. After defeating Nong Zhigao, Zhao Songming carried out genocide against the relatives of Nong tribe, and changed the people of Nongdong to Han surnames in the name of giving them surnames. In order to avoid the disaster of beheading and annihilating the clan, some of the Nongdong Zhuang people changed their surname to Zhao, and some reluctantly gave up their love. They omitted the word "Nong" next to "people" and adopted "Nong" as their surname. In addition, the family tree said that their ancestors came from Shandong with Di Qing. According to the genealogy of the Nong family, it is said that the ancestor of Taizu was originally a descendant of the emperor. For more than two thousand years, the lineage has multiplied and is scattered in various provinces and counties. During the reign of Emperor Hu, the people with the Nong surname came from Shandong Province and followed Di Wuxiang (Qing) to conquer the south. Thousands and hundreds of them were scattered in Yunnan, Guangdong, Vietnam and other places. The Nong surname became the authentic Zhuang people. Due to the cruel suppression of the uprising by the rulers, later generations were still afraid of mentioning this historical event, so they did not dare to admit confidently that their ancestors were related to the surname Nong (Yu Lue).
Hall name
Jiaqi Hall: According to legend, the Nong family is a descendant of the Shennong family, who taught the people how to grow crops. ), from which the hall name comes.
Common couplets for ancestral halls with peasant surnames
〖Four-character universal couplets for ancestral halls with peasant surnames〗
Originated from Nongzheng; looking out at Yanmen. ?The Anonymous Compilation of Ancestral Ancestral Halls with the Nong Surname gives the county name and the origin of the surname Nong (see the headings "1. Origin of the Surname" and "4. Introduction to the County Hall Number").
Chun Shou Ci Ling; famous Confucian scholar. ?The general couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname of Nong written by an anonymous person indicates? Nongyou Shidian. The second couplet indicates Nong Yi and Nong Zhike, and they are both called famous Confucians of the generation.
〖Five-character universal couplet for the ancestral hall with a peasant surname〗
The winding path leads to the valley; the morning breeze blows. An anonymous couplet for the ancestral hall with the surname Nong. This couplet is an analysis couplet of the traditional Chinese character "Nong" with the surname Nong embedded in a crane crown pattern.
〖Seven-character universal couplet for the ancestral hall of farmers with surnames〗
The good news from the wild geese is safe and long-lasting; the door is full of good luck and happiness. This couplet is inlaid with the word "Yanmen" (prefecture) where a prominent family with the surname of Nong lived.
〖Universal couplets of seven words or more in ancestral halls with peasant surnames〗
There are two famous Confucians in Chinese studies, and there are two talents; Chun'an Xian Order, call the performance unparalleled. The first couplet indicates that the name is Ru Nong Yi Shi Dian. The second couplet refers to the Chun'an Order Nongyou Shidian in the dynasty.