There were three emperors in the first Qin Dynasty, namely Ying Zheng, the first Qin Emperor, Hu Hai, Qin Ershi, and Zi Ying, the king of Qin.
1. Ying Zheng
Qin Shihuang (259 BC-21 BC), won surname, Zhao, who was also known as Zhao Zheng (Zheng) and Qin Zheng, or Zulong, the son of King Xiang of Qin Zhuang. China is a famous politician, strategist and reformer in history, an iron-fisted politician who completed the unification of China, and the first monarch in China to be called emperor.
Qin Shihuang was born in Handan (now Handan), the capital of Zhao State, and spent his youth here. In the first 247 years, he became king at the age of 13.
In the first 238 years, at the age of 22, an adult coronation ceremony was held in Yongcheng, the ancient capital, and he began to "manage the affairs of state affairs personally", getting rid of Lv Buwei, Lao Ai and others, and using Li Si and Wei Kuang again.
from the first 23 years to the first 221 years, the six countries of Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi were destroyed successively. At the age of 39, the great cause of reunifying China was completed, and a centralized and powerful country with the Han nationality as the main body was established, and the territory of China was established.
Qin Shihuang thought that his contribution was better than that of the previous three emperors and five emperors, and he adopted the title of "Emperor" of san huang and the title of "Emperor" of the five emperors. He was the first monarch to use the title of "Emperor" in the history of China, so he called himself "the first emperor".
at the same time, the central government implements three public officials and nine ministers to manage state affairs. The enfeoffment system was abolished locally and replaced by the county system. At the same time, the books were written in the same language, and the cars were on the same track. unified measurement. Attacking Xiongnu in the north, conquering Baiyue in the south, building the Great Wall of Wan Li, building Lingqu, and communicating the water system.
However, in the later period, seeking immortals and dreaming of immortality, oppressing the people and killing the people's wisdom shook the foundation of the Qin dynasty's rule. In the first 21 years, Qin Shihuang died in Xingtai sand dunes on his way to the east.
2. Hu Hai
Hu Hai (23-27 BC), surnamed Zhao, was named Hu Hai, the 18th son of Qin Shihuang, the younger brother of Fu Su, the second emperor of Qin Dynasty, namely Qin Ershi, also known as Emperor II, who reigned from 21 BC to 27 BC.
Hu Hai seldom learns prison law from Zhao Gao ordered by Zhongche Government. Qin Shihuang traveled to the platform of the Southern Dune Palace where he died of illness, but he didn't send out mourning. With the help of Zhao Gao and Reese, he killed more than 2 brothers and sisters and forced Fu Su to die, and became the second emperor of the Qin Dynasty.
after Qin Ershi ascended the throne, Zhao Gao took power and exercised brutal rule, which finally aroused the uprisings in Chen Sheng and Wu Guang and the rejuvenation movement of the old nobles in the six countries. In 27 BC, Hu Hai was forced to commit suicide in Wangyi Palace by Yan Le, a confidant of Zhao Gao, at the age of 24.
3. Zi Ying
Zi Ying (? Qin Sanshi, the last ruler of the Qin Dynasty, won his surname, Zi Ying or Ying, and reigned for 46 days. At the beginning, it was called the Emperor, later renamed the King of Qin, and in history it was called Zi Ying, the King of Qin.
In September of the third year of Qin Ershi (27 BC), Prime Minister Zhao Gao forced Qin Ershi to kill him, went to the Qin Emperor and made Zi Ying the king of Qin. Five days later, Zi Ying so Zhao Gao. In October, Liu Bang led his troops into the customs, and Zi Ying, who had been in power for only 46 days, surrendered to Liu Bang, and the Qin Dynasty perished.
more than a month later, Xiang Yu led an army into Xianyang, set fire to the massacre and killed Zi Ying.
Extended information:
Kings in the Qin Dynasty:
1. Qin Xiaogong
Qin Xiaogong (December 6, 381 BC-338 BC), surnamed Zhao, was the king of Qin Ping in Yue Jue Shu, and the research on historical records. The son of Qin Xiangong, the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period, reigned from 361 BC to 338 BC.
Qin Xiaogong re-used Wei Yang (that is, Shang Yang) to carry out political reform, rewarded farming war, and moved the capital to Xianyang (now the northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province), established county-level administration, opened up a new frontier, and constantly improved agricultural production while strengthening centralization.
Externally, Qin was close to Chu, contracted with Korea, allied Qi and Zhao to attack Anyi, the capital of Wei State (now northwest of Xia County, Shanxi Province), and expanded to the east of Luoshui. Since then, the national strength has become stronger and stronger, which laid the foundation for Qin to unify China.
2. Qin Xiangong
Qin Xiangong won the title of Shi Ji (424 BC-362 BC), the monarch of the State of Qin in the Warring States Period, and won the surname of Qin. Shiben was a tribute to Qin Yuan, and Yuejueshu was the king of Qin Yuan. "Historical Records" records the famous teacher Ji (xí). Son of Qin Linggong, who reigned for 23 years (384 BC-362 BC).
Qin Xiangong was exiled to Wei in his early years. After returning to China to succeed to the throne, he carried out reforms in Qin, including abolishing human sacrifice, moving the capital, expanding commercial activities, compiling household registration and promoting the county system, and launched several wars to recover lost land in Hexi.
Although the reform in Qin Xiangong's period was not thorough, it laid the foundation for Shang Yang's reform in Qin Xiaogong's period.
3. King Qin Huiwen
King Qin Huiwen (356 BC-311 BC), also known as King Qin Huiwen, won the surname, Zhao, the son of Qin Xiaogong, was the king of Qin during the Warring States Period, and reigned from 337 BC to 311 BC.
Qin Huiwen ascended the throne in the 19th year, and blamed the imperial clan for many grievances, thus killing Wei Yang. In 325 BC, it was changed from "Gong" to "Wang" and changed to the first year of Gengyuan? Become the first king of Qin. During Qin Huiwen's reign, he swept Yi Qu in the north, Xiping Bashu in the east, Hangu in the east and Shang Yu in the south, which laid a solid foundation for Qin to unify China.
4. Qin Wuwang
Qin Wuwang (329-37 BC), also known as the King of Qin Wulie and the King of Qin Mourning, won his surname, Mingdang, the son of King Qin Huiwen, was the king of Qin during the Warring States Period, and reigned from 31 to 37 BC.
during his reign, Qin Wuwang put down the chaos in Shu, appointed a prime minister, removed Yiyang, and set up Sanchuan, and even revised the land law, revised the frontier defense, dredged rivers, and built dikes and bridges.
Qin Wuwang is tall and strong, and likes to wrestle with others, so the strongman Ren Bi, Wu Huo, Meng Shuo and others have all become great officials. In the fourth year of Qin Wuwang (37 BC), King Wu and Meng said that they would hold a "Long Wen Chi Ding" in a competition. As a result, Da Ding sold it and broke his tibia. At night, he gave up the ghost and died at the age of 23.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Monarch of Qin Dynasty