Last name is the last name.
The general structure of an English name is self-chosen name + given name + surname.
The last name is usually placed at the end. When last is used as an adjective, it means the end, the last, so last name means the last name.
The name is usually placed first. The meaning of first is the first and the original, so first name means the name.
For example: Former US President George W. Bush, his surname is BUSH, his first name is George, and the W in the middle is the abbreviation of his Christian name.
British and American naming rules
British and American surnames (surname/family name) are the same as Chinese surnames. They are "ancestral" and generally follow the father's surname. . Women also often take their husband's surname after marriage. For example, if a woman named Mary Smith marries a man named Jack Wilson, she will change her name to Mary Wilson after the marriage. However, in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of women retaining their original surnames after marriage.