[Edit this paragraph] Comparison table of constellation names and Latin names
Latin name abbreviation Chinese name area star number
Andromeda And Andromeda 722 100
Antlia Ant 239 Ant 20
Apus Aps 206 20
Aquarius Aqr 980 90
Aquila Aql 652 70
Ara Ara 237 30
Aries Ari 441 50
Auriga Aur 657 90
Bootes Boo 907 90
Caelum Cae 125 10
Camelopardalis Cam 757 50
Cancer Cnc 506 60
Canes Venatici CVn 465 Canis 30
Canis Major CMa 380 80
Canis Minor CMi 183 20
Capricornus Cap 414 50
Carina Car 494 110
Cassiopeia Cas 598 90
Centaurus Cen 1060 150
Cepheus Cep 588 60
Cetus Cet 1231 100
Chamaeleon Cha 132 20
Circinus Cir 93 20
Columba Col 270 Coma 40
Coma Berenices Com 386 50
Corona Austrilis CrA 128 25 Corona Borealis CrB 179 20
Corvus Crv 184 15
Crater Crt 282 20
Crux Cru 68 30
Cygnus Cyg 804 150 Delphinus Del 189 30 Dorado Dor 179 20 Dorado Dor 1083 80 Draco Dra Equuleus Equ 72 10
Eridanus Eri 1138 100
Fornax Fornax 398 35
Gemini Gem 514 70
Grus Gru 366 30
Hercules Her 1225 140
Horologium Hor 249 20
Hydra Hya 1303 20
Hydrus Hyi 243 Water Snake 20
Indus Ind 294 Indian 20
Lacer
ta Lac 201 Tiger 35
Leo Leo 947 70
Leo Minor LMi 232 20
Lepus Lep 290 40
p>Libra Lib 538 50
Lupus Lup 334 70
Lynx Lyn 545 60
Lyra Lyr 286 15
Mensa Men 153 15
Microseopium Mic 210 20
Monoceros Mon 482 85
Musca Mus 138 30
Norma Nor 165 20
Octans Oct 291 35
Ophiuchus Oph 948 100
Orion Ori 594 120
Pavo Pav 378 45
Pegasus Peg 1121 100
Perseus Per 615 90
Phoenix Phe 469 40
Pictor Pic 247 30
Pisces Psc 889 75
Piscis Austrinus PsA 245 25
Puppis PuP 673 140 Pyxis Pyx 221 25
Reticulum Ret 114 15
Sagitta Sge Sagittarius Sgr 867 115
Scorpius Sco 497 100
Sculptor Scl 475 30
Scutum Sct Scutum 109 20
Serpens Ser 637 60
Sextans Sex Sextant 314 25
Taurus Tau 797 125
Telescopium Tel 252 30
Triangulum Tri 132 15
Triangulum Australe TrA 110 20
Tucana Tuc 295 25
Ursa Major UMa Ursa Major 1280 125
Ursa Minor UMi Ursa Minor 256 20
Vela Vela Vela 500 110
Virgo Vir Virgo 1294 95 (see "Virgo")
Volans Vol Flying Fish 141 20
Vulpecula Vul Fox 268 45
[Edit this paragraph] Constellation size arrangement
(Note: The following introduction only introduces the famous celestial objects in the constellation, and does not mean that these are the only celestial objects in the constellation.
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1. Hydrae: A water snake with 9 heads in Greek mythology, and if one is cut off, another one will grow out. Finally killed by Hercules. Epsilon Hydrae is a quadruple star system. There are three Messier objects. (Messier objects are celestial bodies that look like comets. There are currently 110 discovered, including galaxies, nebulae, star clusters, star groups and supernova explosion remnants.)
2. Virginis: Greece Astoria, the mythical goddess of justice. It houses the brightest and closest supercluster of galaxies, the Virgo Cluster. Contains hundreds of galaxies that can be found with an 8-inch telescope. There are 11 Messier objects, and they are all galaxies. Alpha Virgo is a 1st magnitude blue-white star and one of the 20 brightest stars in the sky. It is called Spica in China. M104 is also called the Straw Hat Galaxy. One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
3. Ursae Majoris: In Greek mythology, it is the beautiful fairy Callisto who was jealous of Hera. In order to protect her, Zeus turned her into a bear. This constellation houses the most famous star in the sky - the Big Dipper. There are 7 Messier objects. Zeta Ursa Major is the sixth star of the Big Dipper and a double star. It was discovered in 1650 and is the earliest double star discovered in the telescope era. It is called Kaiyang in China.
4. Ceti: A sea monster sent by the sea god Poseidon to punish the Ethiopian queen, but was killed by the hero Perseus. Contains hundreds of galaxies. There is a Messier object.
5. Herculis: The Greek mythological hero Hercules, who followed Jason and the Argonauts to capture the Golden Fleece and completed the "Hercules XII" A difficult thing." He is the grandson of Perseus and the illegitimate son of Zeus. There are two Messier objects, among which M13 is the largest, brightest and most eye-catching globular star cluster north of the equator. Only Omega Centauri, 47 Tucanae and M22 located in the south exceed it.
6. Eridani: All ancient civilizations regarded it as the river in the center of their living area. There is a first-magnitude star, Alpha Eridani, which is a large blue-white star with magnitude 0.5. , known as Heweiyi in China. There are many double stars.
7. Pegasus (Pegasi): transformed into the blood spurted from Medusa’s neck, landed on Mount Helicon, created a spiritual spring, and became the source of inspiration for poetry. The Great Square of Pegasus is the most dazzling star in the central part of the northern sky in the autumn sky, and contains a Messier object. Within its scope is the Stephen's Quintet, which includes five well-known galaxies and one fainter member - NGC 7320C.
8. Draconis: In Greek mythology, it was a dragon hiding in the golden apple orchard and was killed by Heracles, the hero of Hercules.
9. Centauri (Centauri): It has two first-magnitude stars, Alpha and Beta Centauri, of which α is a triple star and β is a blue-white giant star.
10. Aquaril (Aquaril): Ganymetis, the most beautiful prince in the world, was favored by Zeus and poured wine for the gods in the divine world. One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
11. Ophiuchi: In Greek mythology, Asclepius is a famous snake man who holds two snakes. One has deadly venom, while the other can cure diseases. . He was able to resurrect the dead, thus angering Hades, and was sentenced to death by Zeus. With an eight-inch telescope, you can see that it has at least 20 globular star clusters, including 7 Messier objects, including the faintest Messier globular star cluster, M107. Barnard's star is the fastest moving star. The thirteenth constellation of the zodiac has been excluded from the zodiac since ancient times due to the small area it occupies.
12. Leo (Leonis): There are many galaxies in the vast sky area it occupies. Of the meteor swarms that occur each year, the Leonids are one of the most prominent. Alpha Leo is a large blue-white star with magnitude 1.35. It is called Regulus in China. One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
13. Bootis: It is the hunter who keeps chasing the Ursa Major with the dog constellation. Among them is the brightest star in the sky north of the equator, α Bootis, which is called Arcturus in China. etc - 0.1 etc.
14. Piscium: In Greek mythology, Pisces represents the incarnation of Eros and Aphrodite in the water. In order to escape monsters, they transformed into fish shapes and dived into the Euphrates River. There is a Messier object M74, which is also one of the faintest Messier objects. One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
15. Sagitarii: This is a very spectacular constellation, in which the heart of the Milky Way is located. The main deep universe objects in this constellation are all Milky Way objects, including emission nebulae and dark stars. Nebulae, open and globular star clusters, and planetary nebulae, it also has the most Messier objects of any constellation, ***fifteen. M8 is a bright emission nebula, also called the Reef Nebula. This nebula also contains an open star cluster, NGC 6530. M17 is one of the brightest emission nebulae in the sky, also known as the Swan Nebula or Omega Nebula. M20, also called the Trilobite Nebula, is a hybrid emission and reflection nebula with a dazzling triple star in its center. M22 is one of the finest globular star clusters in the sky. M24 is also called the Little Sagittarius star cloud. One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
16. Cygni: One of the first 48 constellations identified by Ptolemy. In Greek mythology, Zeus turned into a swan with the image of Queen Leda of Sparta on it, which the ancient Arabs thought was a flying eagle. Alpha Cygnus is one of the brightest stars in the Milky Way. It emits 60,000 times the light of the Sun and has a magnitude of 1.25. It is called Deneb in China. There are two Messier objects.
17. Taurus (Tauri): In Greek mythology, it is a snow-white bull transformed by Zeus, who is madly in love with the Phoenician princess. Alpha Taurus is a red giant star, known as Aldebaran in China, and is one of the four stars of the Persian royal family. The Hyades is the closest open star cluster to the solar system. It has two Messier objects. M1, also known as the Crab Nebula, is the remnant of a supernova explosion. It is the only such object among Messier objects. It exploded on July 4, 1054. The Chinese This phenomenon was observed and records about the "guest stars" were left. M45, also called the Pleiades or the Seven Sisters, is the most famous open star cluster in the sky. One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
18. Camelopardalis: Camelopardalis first appeared on the celestial globe created by the Dutch theologian P. Plancius in 1613. Camelopardalis is located in the northern part of the celestial sphere. It is a large "slender" constellation. The brightest star in Camelopardalis is Beta Camelopardalis, whose Chinese name is "Yachani Zenshishi". It has an apparent magnitude of 4.03 and is 1,700 light-years away. It is a G0-type supergiant star, and its luminosity is equal to that of the sun. 5000 times. According to observations, it is actually a binary star, with the main star having an apparent magnitude of 4.0 and the companion star having an apparent magnitude of 8.6. There is an easily distinguishable open star cluster in the constellation Camelopardalis, numbered NGC 1502. Numbered NGC2403 is a relatively bright Sc-type spiral galaxy with an apparent magnitude of 8.4. Numbered IC342 is an SBc-type barred spiral galaxy with an apparent magnitude of 9.2. The star α in Camelopardalis is named "Shaowei" or "Ziwei Youyuan Liu". It has an apparent magnitude of 4.29, a luminosity of 25,000 times that of the sun, and a distance of 4,100 light years.
19. Andromeda (Andromedae): Andromeda in Greek mythology is the daughter of King Cepus and Queen Cassiopaia of Ethiopia. The entire constellation includes a constellation that can be seen through binoculars. Observable bright star clusters, a primary galaxy, a striking binary star, and a planetary nebula.
20. Puppis: part of the ancient constellation Carina. In Greek mythology, Carina was the Argonautic expedition ship on which the Golden Fleece was taken. The sky area it belongs to is filled with numerous bright open star clusters, which is very spectacular.
Zeta Puppis is one of the largest blue supergiants in the Milky Way, with a magnitude of 2.25. Its common English name comes from the Greek, meaning "voyage".
21. Aurigae: The incarnation of Erechtheus, the inventor of the carriage. It is one of the brightest constellations in the northern sky in winter. The first-class bright yellow star Alpha Aurigae, known as Capella in China, has three Messier objects.
22. Aquilae: The eagle transformed by Zeus, it was it that carried Ganymedes to heaven. Among them is a first-magnitude bright star called Alpha Aquilae, which is called Altair in China.
23. Serpentis: It is divided into two parts: Serpentis Head and Serpentis Tail. It consists of two Messier objects, among which M16 is also called the Eagle Nebula.
24. Persei: The hero Perseus in Greek mythology, killed Medusa, eliminated sea monsters and whales, and rescued the Ethiopian princess Andromeda. Many bright star clusters, gas nebulae and planetary nebulae can be seen here. Consists of two Messier objects. Beta Persei is the earliest recognized eclipse variable star. It is also a binary star with a light variation period of 2867 days, ranging from magnitude 2.1 to 3.3. It is called Algol in China. NGC 869 and NGC 884 are famous double star clusters and two of the best open star clusters in the sky. M76 is one of only four planetary nebulae among Messier objects and also becomes the Little Dumbbell Nebula. The Perseid meteor group is one of the most famous meteor groups that appears every year. The peak appears on August 11 and 12. You can see 50 to 60 meteors every hour. It once had a very poetic name: St. Lawrence tears, because at this time of year events are held in honor of St. Lawrence.
25. Cassiopeiae: Cassiopeia was the queen of King Cepus of Ethiopia. There are two Messier objects.
26. Orionis: It is the brightest and most easily identifiable constellation in the sky. In Greek mythology, he was the son of Poseidon, the best hunter in the world, but he was bitten to death by a poisonous scorpion sent by the god because of his pride. It has three Messier objects, including the most prominent one, M42, and a large diffuse reflection nebula, M78. The famous Horsehead Nebula of class IC434 is difficult to observe. Alpha Orionis is a pulsating red giant and a variable star with a magnitude between 0.4 and 1.3. It is one of the largest known stars with a diameter more than 600 times larger than our sun. It is called Betelgeuse in China. Beta Orionis is a super-bright blue-white giant star with a brightness equivalent to 55,000 suns. It is called Rigel in China. Sigma Orionis is a beautiful five-star system.
27. Cephei: One of the oldest constellations, it is the king of Ethiopia, Cepus.
28. Lyncis: A series of stars with weak starlight, identified by Hevilius in 1690. Lyncis 12 and 19 are both a triple star system. NGC 2419 is a globular star cluster that is different from most globular clusters that rotate around the center of the Milky Way. It is independent of our Milky Way and is called an intergalactic rover.
29. Librae: δ Librae is an eclipsing binary star (that is, two stars periodically pass in front of each other and eclipse each other). One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
30. Geminorun: They are the twins Pollux and Castor. They are the sons of Queen Leda of Sparta. Castor is a mortal and Pollux is a god. , they showed true brotherly love. Alpha Gemini is a famous sextile star system. Its sub-star Α has magnitude 1.94 and is called Castor in China. Beta Gemini has a magnitude of 1.14 and is an orange giant star. It is called Pollux in China. Zeta Gemini is a Cepheid variable star (a pulsating variable star whose brightness changes over time). There is a Messier object. One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
31. Cancer (Cancri): Legend has it that Cancer is the entrance for the soul to reach the earth and enter the human body. In Greek mythology, he was the messenger of Hera who was killed by the hero Hercules.
One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
32. Velorum (Velorum): part of the ancient southern constellation. This area of ??the sky is ideal for searching for open star clusters. Gamma Vela is a bright binary star, one of which is a sub-star of magnitude 1.88, called a Wolf-Rayet star. It is a type of star that is very hot, emits strong light, and rapidly loses its material. NGC 2736 is a bright, pencil-shaped nebula that is the eastern remnant of a supernova that exploded 12,000 years ago.
33. Scorpii: Alpha Scorpii is one of the largest known red supergiants. Its diameter exceeds 966,000,000 kilometers. If it is placed in the solar system, it will be the four closest planets to the sun. And the orbits of a large number of members of the asteroid belt will be within it. It is also a double star with a companion star of magnitude 5.37. It is called Big Mars in China. It is also one of the four royal stars of Persia and is the guardian of the sky. . ν Scorpii is a quadruple star system. ξ Scorpio is a triple star system. There are four Messier objects in Scorpio. One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
34. Carinae: A constellation that was modified by astronomer Jemin Goode from the ancient Southern Carinae. It has the second brightest star in the sky - Alpha Carinae, known as Canopus in China, magnitude -0.72, and the brightest nebula complex in the sky - NGC 3372, the Eta Carinae Nebula.
35. Monocerotis: Drawn on the star map by German astronomer Balch in 1624. It is already famous for its numerous star clusters and nebulae, and it also has a variety of clusters and variable stars, consisting of a Messier object. Beta Monocerotis and Epsilon Monoceros are both triple star systems. NGC 2237 and NGC 2244 are famous nebula and star cluster complexes, also known as the Rosette Nebula. NGC 2264 is a large and sparse star cluster, nicknamed the "Christmas Tree Cluster" because of its appearance. NGC 2261 is Hubble's Variable Nebula, which changes in brightness due to moving clouds of dark, cool dust.
36. Sculptoris: Named by Lacai in 1752.
37.Phoenicis: Named by Bayer in 1603. Beta Phoenicis is a triple star system.
38. Canum Venaticorum: The hound that follows the Bo?tes. There are five Messier objects.
39. Aries (Arae): A golden sheep with golden hair, sent by the messenger god Hermes to rescue the princes Frikossos and Helle. One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
40. Capricorn (Capricorni): A mythical animal with the upper body of a sheep and the lower body of a fish. It is the gate through which human souls ascend to heaven. There is a Messier object. One of the twelve constellations of the zodiac.
41. Fornacis (Fornacis): Named by Lacai in 1752. There is a galaxy group that contains a variety of celestial objects - the Fornax galaxy cluster. At least 18 galaxies can be distinguished.
42. Comberenices: It is the hair of Queen Beoneses of Egypt. There are eight Messier objects.
43. Canis Majoris: The dog that faithfully accompanies Orion along with Canis Minor. In Greek mythology, he is called Laelapus. It has the brightest star in the sky - Sirius. Own a Messier object.
44. Payonis: Named by Bayer in 1603. In Greek mythology, Hera decorated the tail feathers of a peacock with the eyes of the hundred-eyed monster Argos. It has a beautiful globular star cluster and several galaxies. K Pavo is a Cepheid variable star with a light variation period of 9065 days. NGC 6752 is one of the finest globular nebulae in the sky.
45. Gruis: Named by Bayer in 1603. Alpha Grain is a huge blue star with magnitude 1.7.
46. Lupus: It is one of the 48 constellations first identified by Ptolemy.
47. Sextantis: Hevilius named it in 1680.
48. Tucanae: The Small Magellanic Cloud is within its range. Beta 1 and Beta 2 Tucanae are a sextile star system. NGC 10 is the second largest and second brightest globular cluster in the sky after Omega Centauri.
49. Indi: Among the beautiful cuckoos, cranes and peacocks in the southern starry sky, there is a lonely Indian. At the end of the 16th century, Europeans saw Indians from the New World for the first time, so the German astronomer Bayer named this constellation "Indian".
50. Octantis: determined by Lacaille in 1752.
51. Leporis: It is one of the 48 constellations originally identified by Ptolemy. It consists of several celestial bodies in deep space.
52. Lyra: In Greek mythology, it is a harp made by Hermes from a tortoise shell and dedicated to Apollo. Later Apollo gave it to Or Pussy. It has a first-magnitude star, Alpha Lyra, with magnitude 0.03. It is called Vega in China and is the fifth brightest star in the sky. ε1 and ε2 Lyrae are a famous quadruple star composed of two pairs of binary stars. Consisting of two Messier objects, M57 was the first nebula discovered.
53. Crateris: one of the 48 constellations first named by Ptolemy. It is represented by a huge cup resting on the back of Hydra.
54. Columbae (Columbae): Named by the astronomer Plancius.
55. Vulpeculae: established by Hevilius in 1660. There is a Messier object M27. COLLINDER 399 is also called the Brocchi Cluster or the Clothes Hanger Cluster. M27 is also called the Dumbbell Nebula.
56. Ursae Minoris: One of the most famous constellations in the sky. It has only three stars visible to the naked eye, namely Alpha, Beta and γ Ursa Minor. Alpha Ursa Minor, Polaris, is the star closest to the North Celestial Pole and will be closest to the North Celestial Pole in 2102.
57. Telescopii (Telescopii): named by Lacaille in 1752. Among them, H 5033 is a quadruple star system.
58. Horologii: Named by Lacaille in 1752.
59. Pictoris: Named by Lacai in 1752. It has a red dwarf star of magnitude 8.8, Captan's Star, which has the second fastest proper motion speed after Barnard's Star in the constellation Ophiuchus.
60. Piscis Austrini: It is one of the 48 constellations first identified by Ptolemy. Alpha Pisces Australis has a magnitude of 1.16. Its English common name comes from the Arabic word "fish mouth". It is called Fomalhaut in China. It is also one of the four royal stars of the Persians. Lakai 9352 is a red dwarf star with a magnitude of 7.35 and the fourth highest proper motion speed.
61. Hydri
62. Antlia: Named by French astronomer Lacaille in 1752, it is shaped like an air pump.
63. Arae: It is the altar of the centaur. It is one of the 48 constellations first divided by Ptolemy.
64.Leonis Minoris: Named by Hevelius in 1660.
65. Pyxidis: part of the southern constellation Ship. T. Pyxidis is a nova star that will erupt from time to time.
66. Microscope (Microscopii): determined by Lacaille in 1752.
67. Apodis: A bird of paradise, named by John Bayer in 1603, the main star is above the 4th magnitude.
68. Lacertae: There are many quite bright open star clusters in this sky area.
69. Delphini: In Greek mythology, the dolphin rescued the poet from a group of pirates who plotted to kill the poet Arion. But for some reason, it also has a name, Job’s coffin.
70. Corvi: A crow sent by Apollo to spy on the loyalty of her lover Coronis. Contains many galaxies, although most of them are not bright.
71. Canis Minoris: The puppy that faithfully accompanies Orion along with Canis Major. Only Alpha and Beta Canis Minoris are visible to the naked eye from the city. Among them, α is called Procyon in China, ranking eighth among the stars in the sky, with a magnitude of 0.4. It is a binary star, and the companion star is a white dwarf star with a magnitude of only 10.7.
72. Doradus: Named by Bayer in 1604. The Large Magellanic Cloud is within its limits.
73. Coronae Borealis: In Greek mythology, it was the crown given by Bacchus, the god of wine, to Ariadne, who was abandoned by Theseus.
74. Normae: Created by Lacaille in 1752.
75. Mensae: determined by Lakai in 1752. Part of the Large Magellanic Cloud lies within it.
76. Volantis: Created by Bayer in 1603.
77. Muscae
78. Trianguli: Although small, it is a very obvious group of stars. There is a Messier object.
79. Chamaeleontis: Named by John Bayer in 1604.
80. Coronae Australis
81. Caeli: one of the least conspicuous constellations, discovered by French astronomer Lacaille in 1752 described.
82. Reticuli: It is a constellation created by Lakai.
83. Trianguli Australis
84. Scuti: Hevelius added this constellation in 1690. It has two Messier objects, among which M11 is also called the "Wild Duck Cluster" and is one of the richest open star clusters in the sky.
85. Circini: Named by astronomer Lacaille in 1752.
86. Sagittae: ??In Greek mythology, it is the arrow used by Apollo to defeat Cyclops. WZ Sagittarius is a nova. There is a Messier object.
87. Equulei: The ancient Greeks believed that Equulei was the horse given to Pollux by Hera.
88. Crucis: The smallest constellation, there is a dark nebula called the Coalsack that stretches 60 light-years in the Milky Way.
[Edit this paragraph] Ptolemaic Constellations
In addition to the twelve constellations, Ptolemy listed the following thirty-six (now thirty-eight, due to the The constellation has been split into three independent constellations):
Ptolemaic Constellations
Andromeda | Aquarius | Aquila | Temple of Heaven | Carina Australis | Aries | Bo?tes | Cancer | Canis Major | Canis Minor | Capricorn | Cassiopeia | Centaur | Cepheus | Cetus | Corona Australis | Corona Borealis | Corvus | Megazord | Cygnus | Delphinus | Draco | Equestria | Eridanus | Gemini | Hercules | Hydra | Leo | Lepus | Libra | Jackal | Lyra | Ophiuchus | Orion | Pegasus | Perseus | Pisces | Pisces Australis | Sagittarius | Sagittarius | Scorpio | Serpent | Taurus | Triangulum | Ursa Major | Ursa Minor | Virgo