In fact, I don’t complain at all!
Understand the concept of "gutter oil" and you will understand it all~~
Gutter oil generally refers to various types of inferior oil that exist in life.
Such as recycled cooking oil, reused frying oil, etc.
The largest source of gutter oil is the grease trap in the sewers of large urban hotels.
Long-term consumption may cause cancer and is extremely harmful to the human body.
1 Brief introduction
Gutter oil is the garbage flowing quietly in urban sewers. Some collectors process it and turn it into "edible oil" on the table. They fish out a large amount of dark, turbid, slightly red paste from there every day. After just one night of filtration, heating, precipitation, and separation, these stinking garbage can be turned into clear "edible oil", and finally through Selling at low prices and returning to people's dining tables. The main component of this three-no product called "gutter oil" is still triglyceride, but it contains many more disease-causing and carcinogenic toxic substances than real edible oil.
"Gutter oil" is a non-edible oil of extremely poor quality and extremely unhygienic. Once "gutter oil" is consumed, it will destroy people's white blood cells and gastrointestinal mucosa, causing food poisoning and even cancer. Therefore, "gutter oil" is strictly prohibited from being used in the field of edible oil. However, there are indeed some unscrupulous traders who are motivated by profit and regardless of the safety of the people, privately produce and process "gutter oil" and sell it as edible oil to some small restaurants at low prices, causing great harm to people's physical and mental health. Therefore, the name "gutter oil" has become synonymous with various types of inferior oil that cause physical harm to people's lives.
2 Specific classifications
Gutter oil can be divided into three categories: First, gutter oil in a narrow sense, which is greasy floating objects in sewers or leftovers from hotels and restaurants. (commonly known as swill) oil that has been simply processed and refined; the second is the oil produced after processing and refining low-quality pork, pig offal, and pig skin; the third is the oil used for fried foods after it has been used more than a certain number of times before being used. Oil that is reused or reused after adding some new oil to it.
When law enforcement officers inspect, they use edible oil rancidity rapid detection test paper to compare whether the peroxide value and acid value of the oil being tested exceed the standard. Once the standard is exceeded, it can be determined that it is a problem oil.
3 Five major flows
1. Restaurants → collectors → restaurants, restaurants (buy at low prices) → customer tables
2. Production of mining mineral processing collectors (New technology)
3. Breeding farms (feed for livestock)
4. Chemical plants (production of chemical products)
5. Factories and school canteens< /p>
4 Specific hazards
Indigestion
In the process of refining "gutter oil", animal and vegetable oils undergo rancidity, oxidation and decomposition after being contaminated. Chemical changes produce substances that are highly toxic to the human body; arsenic is one of them. Once people use "gutter oil" with a huge amount of arsenic, it will cause indigestion, headaches, dizziness, insomnia, fatigue, liver discomfort, etc. symptom.
Diarrhea
The production process of "gutter oil" is doomed to be unhygienic. Once the large number of bacteria, fungi and other harmful microorganisms contained in it reach the human intestinal tract, in mild cases, it will cause People have diarrhea, and in severe cases, it can cause a series of gastrointestinal diseases such as nausea and vomiting.
Abdominal pain
"Gutter oil" is mixed with a large amount of sewage, garbage and detergents. After being refined in the open air in underground workshops, bacteria and harmful chemical components cannot be removed at all. It is an indisputable fact that all "gutter oil" will contain lead that seriously exceeds the standard. Eating food made from "gutter oil" that contains excessive lead will cause symptoms such as severe abdominal cramps, anemia, and toxic liver disease. .
Stomach cancer and intestinal cancer
The disgusting refining process is the reason for the growth of gutter oil toxins. "Gutter oil" is a refined oil produced by processing and refining gutter oil (swill, leftovers, etc.) collected from hotels and restaurants to remove the odor and flowing to the edible oil market. Gourmet oil contains aflatoxin and benzopyrene. These two toxins are carcinogens and can cause gastric cancer, intestinal cancer, kidney cancer, and cancer of the breast, ovary, small intestine and other parts of the body.
5 treatment measures
Rational utilization
Gutter oil can produce biodiesel
It is a disturbing thing for "gutter oil" to flow back to the dining table The best solution to troublesome things is to recycle and turn waste into treasure.
Using "gutter oil" to prepare mineral processing agents
Professor Wang Huajun of the Department of Environmental Engineering of the University of Science and Technology Beijing and others have successfully developed a comprehensive utilization technology for preparing mineral processing agents from "gutter oil". This technology can Using "gutter oil" to produce fatty acids and fatty acid sodium for mineral processing will produce almost no secondary pollution.
Map of gutter oil
The University of Science and Technology Beijing has carried out research on using fatty acids decomposed from "gutter oil" as mineral processing collectors in 2009, and has achieved satisfactory test results. . This technology has begun to be applied in some steel companies and is applying for national patents. Relevant experts believe that further research, promotion and application of this technology will be of great significance in avoiding environmental pollution, reducing mineral processing costs, and reducing food safety threats.
New technology for producing ethanol and biogas from "gutter oil"
After barrels of swill are sorted and separated, part of it becomes the raw material of biodiesel, and the other part continues to be fermented into fuel ethanol and Biogas and remaining waste residue are all converted into fertilizer. This is the resource disposal process of kitchen waste witnessed by Hefei Science Island. Through technological integration and innovation, kitchen swill and "gutter oil" that used to be a headache have now been turned into treasure and new energy sources.
After years of technical research, researchers from the Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have successfully mastered the energy disposal technology for producing ethanol and biogas from kitchen waste, and formed two invention patents. According to reports, this technology turns food waste into four "treasures", namely biodiesel, ethanol, biogas and biofertilizer. The oil in food waste is first separated and refined into biodiesel, and then carbohydrates, proteins and other components are converted into fuel ethanol through enzymatic hydrolysis, anaerobic fermentation and other processes. The ethanol fermentation residue and other organic components are fermented to generate biogas. , turning the biogas residue and biogas slurry into biofertilizer through processing. The biggest feature of this technology is that its energy-based ideas are different from the domestic technology route that mainly focuses on feed, and it prevents kitchen waste from re-entering the human food chain and causing homogeneous accumulation and risk of disease.
"Gutter oil" turned into aviation oil
Starting from September 2011, KLM Royal Dutch Airlines will achieve a new breakthrough. They will process the oil used for cooking. Providing fuel for aircraft. "Gutter oil" is turned into aircraft fuel, the cost has soared, but it is more efficient and greener. SkyNRG uses "hydrogenated renewable flight fuel" technology. The vegetable oil is first deoxidized, followed by a series of organic chemical processes. The key step is hydrocracking. Under the continuous pressure of hydrogen, the intermolecular carbon bonds are destroyed to generate smaller hydrocarbons. The product is Unsaturated hydrocarbons, at this time, are already very close to the fuel, and then undergo "isomerization", that is, changing the chemical substance's own composition and structure, and truly becoming the required "renewable flight fuel".
On August 5, 2012, relevant sources from Sinopec Zhenhai Refining revealed that preparations for the airworthiness certification of experimentally produced biomass aviation kerosene will be completed as soon as January 2013.
In February 2012, the Civil Aviation Administration of China officially accepted the airworthiness application for biomass aviation kerosene submitted by Sinopec. People familiar with the matter said that the Civil Aviation Administration of China and the Aviation Fuel Appraisal Committee are jointly conducting expert discussions and airworthiness demonstrations on Sinopec's bio-jet fuel. Only after the demonstration is passed can it be tested and mass production can be carried out.
In fact, it is the EU’s aviation carbon tax that further stimulated domestic exploration of large-scale production of biomass aviation kerosene. "The concept of bio-jet fuel is correct. The EU has begun to levy aviation carbon tax, but if we use bio-fuel, it will no longer be able to levy it." A person from Zhenhai Refining and Chemical said. [1]
Processing equipment
Gutter oil mainly comes from food waste treatment (food waste treatment), that is, greasy floating objects in sewers or leftovers from hotels and restaurants. The oil obtained by simply processing and refining leftover vegetables (commonly known as swill), this kind of gutter oil (waste vegetable oil) is very harmful to eat, and its main hazard, aflatoxin, is 100 times more toxic than arsenic.
The domestic method of treating gutter oil (waste cooking oil) is to use immobilized enzyme method to produce biodiesel. This process is not only technologically innovative and advanced, the process is reasonable and reliable, economical and environmentally friendly, energy-saving and regenerative, and turns waste into treasure. The advantages include mild reaction conditions, no selectivity to raw materials, simple equipment, less alcohol consumption, and zero waste emissions.
As a clean energy source, biodiesel can replace fossil fuel oil and does not contain heavy metals, which is of great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction; the solid waste produced can be used as a protein feed additive, and the biogas generated during high-temperature treatment It can be used to generate electricity, and its wastewater is fermented and turned into organic liquid fertilizer, which can be used for vegetable cultivation.