1. Notes on Pigeons Classical Chinese and Chinese Translation
Original text
In Yehou’s home, two pigeons were obtained, their wings were tied and they were sent to the wild. The raccoons know that they cannot fly, so they snatch and eat their females. The male got angry and pecked the raccoon with his beak. The raccoon howled and left.
After a few days, another female was found. The raccoon comes and eats it. However, because of being beaked before, Ruo Xiong did not dare to approach. A hero relies on his own strength and is not prepared. There is nothing to live in, but nothing to eat.
Translation
The Yehou family got two pigeons, tied their wings and raised them in the wild. The fox knew that they could not fly, so he caught the female and ate it. The male was angry and pecked the fox with his beak. The fox howled and ran away.
A few days later, I got another female pigeon. The fox came and ate it again. But because it was pecked in front, it seemed to be afraid of the male pigeon and did not dare to approach it. The male pigeon relies on his strength and is defenseless. After a while, he was finally eaten by a fox. 2. Read the following classical Chinese text and answer the following questions
Question 1: D
Question 2: D
Question 3: B
Question 4: (1) (Brother Xiong) did not take precautions, and after a while, he was finally eaten by a raccoon. (2) This is what the Art of War calls tempting him and making him proud. (3) Li's approach is completely in line with the art of war, but Xiong Ge fell into his whole scheme without realizing it.
Question 1:
Question analysis: Thin: approaching. In recent years, the examination of content word questions has become more difficult. The 120 content words specified in the examination syllabus are generally deliberately avoided, and the examination question options are mixed with classical Chinese phenomena such as Chinese characters, ancient and modern idioms, and the use of parts of speech. Methods for answering questions include "structural analysis method", "grammatical analysis method", "morphological definition method", "application into grammar" and "apply textbook method". However, these methods all require a certain knowledge of classical Chinese. The best method is to use the given word meanings. Translate it to the original text and see if the meaning is smooth to determine whether the answer is correct or not. This question can be analyzed using idioms. The word "bo" in "日博西山" means "approaching".
Question 2:
Question analysis: D is a conjunction, indicating the reason; A personal pronoun, his/demonstrative pronoun, which; B modal particle/pronoun, he; C Conjunction means transition/Conjunction means modification. We should pay attention to the meaning and usage of classical Chinese function words. The usage mainly depends on the part of speech and grammatical function.
Question 3:
Analysis of test questions: This type of questions is generally not too difficult. The main focus of the proposition is the confusion of people, time, place, events and mistranslation of key words. It should be very simple to grasp these aspects and carefully read the original text to find errors. The order is "Don't chase the enemy when you are weak, avoid it when you are strong", "Inducing the enemy into arrogance", "Attack the enemy who is unprepared and take him by surprise". Options are in wrong order.
Question 4:
Question analysis: The translation question is a highly differentiated question. You must pay attention to literal translation, because the time for judging the paper is tight, and generally it depends on the translation of key words. situation, so if it is not a literal translation, sometimes the meaning is correct and the teacher may have misjudged it. Also pay attention to classical Chinese sentence patterns. If there are "judgement sentences", "passive sentences", "object prepositions", "attributive postpositions", "object phrases postpositions", and "elliptical sentences" stipulated in the examination syllabus, they must be included in the translation. embodied. Important words: (1) Ju Wuhe - after a while, unexpectedly - finally, for - being (passive sentence). (2) Arrogant - makes him proud (judgmental sentence). (3) Xi - complete, nai - but, swim - fall into.
Reference translation
Ye Hou’s family got two pigeons, tied their wings, and raised them in the countryside. The raccoon knew they couldn't resist, so he grabbed the female pigeon and ate her. The male pigeon was very angry and pecked the raccoon with his beak. The raccoon howled and left. A few days later, (Ye Hou) got another female pigeon, and Li Lai ate her again. However, because she had been pecked before, she seemed to be afraid of the male pigeon and did not dare to approach her. Therefore, the cock thinks he is powerful and does not take any precautions. Not long after, he was finally eaten by a raccoon.
I read the story of the raccoon and the dove and felt deeply about it. When the raccoon first arrived, it probably wanted to catch the male and female pigeons and eat them together. However, he was exhausted when he caught the female pigeon, and he also guessed that the male pigeon would resist desperately, so he howled and left for the time being, avoiding the sharp edge of the male pigeon: this is the principle in the art of war: "Don't chase after a poor enemy" and "Avoid when you are strong".
When the raccoon came later, it didn't want to eat the male pigeon first, but it knew that the male pigeon must have been prepared, but the female pigeon was not, so it adopted the easy (strategy) first and then the difficult (strategy). Moreover, it also shows the male pigeon that (it) only eats female pigeons, so that the male pigeon is no longer afraid: this is the theory of "lure" and "arrogance" in the art of war. By this time, the cock had begun to slack off, and the raccoon took advantage of its slackness to pounce. It was absolutely foolproof: this is the principle of "attacking the unprepared and taking the enemy by surprise" in the art of war.
Ah! The raccoon's behavior was completely in line with the art of war, and the male pigeon still didn't know it had fallen into its trap.
I think the pigeon is not really invincible to the raccoon; and when the male pigeon pecks the raccoon, the raccoon is not without any fear at first. If the male and female pigeons help each other and fight against the raccoon, even though the raccoon is strong, why will they both be eaten by it? (Some people) rely on their own strength and do not know how to help their fellows; (if) their fellows (all) die, they themselves will also perish. What a pity! 3. The original text and translation of Wang Bo's "The King of Chickens"
Chicken, I know that you are the Pleiades star king in the sky, ranking among the twenty-eight constellations in the sky, and you are loved by the sun god.
In the human world, you can communicate with gods and show signs of the rise and fall of a country's destiny. At dawn, the rooster crows, waking people up from their dreams.
On a windy and rainy day, the sound of glue makes people feel homesick. The crowing rooster under the window of Chu Zong of the Song Dynasty allowed him to talk comfortably with Chu Zong. The rooster in front of Zu Ti’s bed woke Zu Ti to practice martial arts with his sword.
The person wearing a chicken hat and dressed in the shape of a chicken is the official who told the time in the court. The person who uses a chicken comb-shaped helmet as a hat is Zi Lu, a disciple of the saint Confucius. The night cries of Hangu Pass in the Qin State allowed Lord Mengchang to leave the country safely, and the sound of chickens in the homes of Qi people made people aware of the prosperity of the Qi State. When they had questions, people used chickens for divination, and when they encountered amnesty, they used the golden roosters. Stand on a long pole.
The chicken in the house of Huainan King Liu An followed Liu An and ascended to heaven. The child in the chicken coop in the beam of Song Qing's house is his ancestor whose age he cannot tell. Chicken, you are a highly virtuous bird, and you are by no means comparable to ordinary birds.
Art has a phoenix crown, and military force has sharp claws. Your five virtues are revealed to the people of the country with the help of Tian Rao. The female can rule the hegemony and the male can rule the king. Your auspicious aura is presented to the King of Qin with the help of the two treasures.
Zhu Jiweng, who worked hard to raise you and named you, gave you the name Zhu Zhu. Flies will no longer be of the same kind as you, and crickets will no longer be able to steal your good reputation.
Looking at the momentum of your continuous attacks and vertical and horizontal leaps, you might be worried about cutting off your tail to avoid the duel. Your body is coated with mustard and your feet are armed with golden hooks. You are extremely well equipped. Spread your wings and raise your paws to fight other chickens.
Ji Pingzi and Bo Zhaobo have become your ministers at this time, and you are as majestic as a king standing on the fighting pole. When two males fight, a winner must be decided. How can one boast of victory with just one peck?
Excellent character is developed in ordinary training, and the true power is shown in the shouting battle. At first, you looked like a piece of wood and unresponsive, but at the critical moment, you were holding your iron claws across the board and your mind was high.
When faced with a challenge, his reactions are astute and unpredictable. During the charge, he can't help but raise his tail high and bow his head to attack directly. Whether in the village or in the store, he will attack his opponents when he encounters them. Whether he is a stork or a goose, he must stand out among his kind.
Repel the opponent's attacks with your aggressive and aggressive nature. Even if there is a huge disparity in strength, I still have the courage to fight. Even if the situation is unfavorable, I will fight to the end (fight to the end with my sharp beak).
After a great victory, hold your head high and spread your wings like a roc. The flesh torn from the opponent's body during the fight becomes the delicacy in your mouth. How can you allow the loser to have room to scream privately? There is no need to wait until it is delivered to the kitchen. Your iron mouth is no different from boiling water and raging fire.
The good news comes out quickly, and the geese and ducks exclaim for you. At the moment of victory, everyone is vying to see your eagle-like majesty.
When issuing flags, you still only care about eating each other without being shy. When describing your achievements in beautiful words, you still put their tasteless parts in your mouth without spitting them out. Chickens that do not fight hard are immediately taken to the chicken house for execution. Chickens that show cowardice like hens must be killed. Those who surrender on the battlefield should be killed.
We cannot treat them with the same pity as other domestic animals. Their existence can only bring disaster to the family.
We hereby issue a proclamation: Gai Wen Angri is famous in Liesu, and Yun is favored by Yangde. Gai: modal particles.
Wen: heard. Angri: refers to the Angri Rooster constellation named after the chicken.
Famous: Ranking. Lisu: Refers to the sun, which ranks among the twenty-eight constellations. The twenty-eight constellations are the twenty-eight interstellar coordinates selected by the ancients to compare the movements of the sun, moon, metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. They are used as observation time mark.
Xue: The meaning of the constellation table, indicating the location of the sun, moon and five stars. Yun: adverb, indeed, really.
Yangde is the pronoun of Japan. From: Xie Zhuang's "Yue Fu" "I heard that Shen Qian has the meaning, Gao Ming has the scriptures, the sun represents Yang virtue, and the moon represents Yin spirit" "Yi Wen Lei Ju? Volume 1": The sun is the mother of Yang virtue.
Zhong: Love it. "Being favored by Yang De" means that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west, and Angri Chicken is in the west, where the sun sets.
Dengtian hangs the image in Zhongfu, but it is actually Hanyin. Dengtian: means that the sound of the rooster can be heard by heaven. The Nine Yao Ci in the Book of Changes Zhongfu says: "If the sound of Han ascends to the sky, how can it last."
Vertical image: Shows signs. Zhongfu: The name of the I Ching hexagram, which is derived from the "Book of Changes? Zhongfu" "Porpoise and fish are auspicious, good for crossing large rivers, and good for chastity."
The general idea is that the "Zhongfu hexagram" symbolizes integrity: integrity is given to others. It reaches the ignorant little pigs and fish, thereby influencing them, thus gaining auspiciousness, which is beneficial to crossing great rivers and rivers, and is beneficial to adhering to the right path. Climbing the sky and hanging the elephant in Zhongfu specifically refers to people's divination behavior.
Hanyin: The cock crows, flaps its wings, and raises its neck to sing, which is called Hanyin. This refers specifically to the rooster used for sacrifice. From "Book of Rites. Part 2 of Qu Li": "Every ritual performed when offering sacrifices to the ancestral temple...the sheep is called soft feathers, and the chicken is called Hanyin."
This sentence can show the future destiny by using chicken to divination. , it is proposed that the chicken has a very important status as it connects to heaven’s will and personnel matters. Therefore, whether it is a sacrificial ceremony or a fortune-telling of the country, chickens are inseparable.
Oh, when the calendar is dark and clear, it can wake up my dream soul; when it is windy and rainy, it is the most effective way to increase people's feelings and thoughts. Huiming: night and day, dark and clear. From "The Book of Songs? Zheng Feng? Wind and Rain": "The wind and rain are like darkness, and the roosters are crowing. When I see a gentleman, Yunhu is not happy."
The general idea is that a woman is in the wind and rain, the sky is gloomy, and the roosters are crowing. moment, especially missing her husband. Thinking about it without seeing it made her miserable, desolate and confused.
At this moment, the long-lost husband suddenly returned home, which naturally made the woman overjoyed. Jiaojiao: The sound of cock crows. Chu Zong talks happily under the window; Zu Ti is dancing in front of his bed. Chu Zong: Chu Zong of Jin Dynasty and Song Dynasty.
Lexing: happy and interested. Long talk: long talk; the previous sentence comes from "Liu Yiqing Youminglu of the Song Dynasty" in the Southern Dynasty: "Song Chuzong of Pei State, the governor of Yanzhou in Jin Dynasty, bought a long crowing chicken. He fell in love with it so much that he kept it caged in the window.
The chicken then used human language to talk to Chu Zong, and he was very wise in speaking and kept talking all day long. As a result, Chu Zong greatly improved his skill in speaking." The translation is that Chu Zong of Song Dynasty in Jin Dynasty had a crow chicken that he loved very much and kept it close to the window.
Later, Chicken spoke human language and talked with Chu Zong. He was very talented and learned, which greatly improved Chu Zong's speaking skills. The latter sentence is the famous story of Zu Ti hearing the chicken dance.
From "Jin Shu Zu Ti Zhuan": "In the middle of the night, I heard the crow of a wild rooster, and I woke up and said: 'This is not an evil sound.' Because of the dance."
Xiao Its shape is like a bow, and the dynasty has people who announce the dawn; its shape is used as a crown, and the holy sect calls it a brave person. Xiao Qixing: imitate the image of a chicken.
廻: headscarf. The one who announces the dawn:. 4. What does "Collection in Classical Chinese" mean?
Radical strokes: 鹹BUwai Strokes: 4 Total strokes: 12 Wubi 86: WYSU Wubi 98: WYSU Cangjie: OGD Stroke order number: 324111211234 Four-corner number: 20904 Unicode :CJK The basic meaning of the unified Chinese character U+96C6 is 1. A group of birds perched on a tree: "Yellow birds are flying, ~ in the bushes".
2. Aggregation, rendezvous: gather~. ~ Together.
~Yes. ~Body.
~Group. ~Training.
~disperse. ~ Capital.
~中. ~Dacheng.
~The armpits become fur. 3. A book composed of many works: ~子.
Text~. Poetry~.
Select~. All~.
4. It can be a relatively independent part of a large book, or a relatively independent paragraph in a novel, a movie, or a TV series: Part 1~. Fifth~.
5. Regular trading market: ~ market. Hurry~.
6. Four-part classification of ancient Chinese books: ~ Department. Jing Shizi~.
7. Achievement, success: the great cause is not yet~. 8. One of the basic concepts of mathematics refers to the totality of several things with the same attributes: sub~.
Hand in~. 9. The same as "edit" in ancient times, harmony.
10. Surname. Detailed meaning of the word
——Collection of "Shuowen", Huiye. ——"Erya" is collected in Baoxu.
——"Poetry·Tang Feng·Bustard Feather" The yellow birds are flying and gathering in the shrubs. ——"Poetry·Zhou Nan·Ge Tan" 2. Another example: Jixun (falcon perching); Jifeng (phoenix resting on a tree) 3. Extended to stay [stay] Everyone gathers in the garden, and I gather alone in the garden. Dry.
——One of the collections of "Guoyu". ——"Mencius·King Hui of Liang 1" Collection of Sha Ou Xiang.
——Fan Zhongyan of the Song Dynasty, "Yueyang Tower", saw a chicken stretching its neck and swooping; when you looked at it, the insects gathered on the crown, and they couldn't let go. ——"Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio·Promoting Weaving" 4. Assemble; gather; gather [assemble; collect; gather] Everyone gathers in the garden.
——"Guoyu·Jinyu" Now that all the armies have not gathered, it is advisable to attack them quickly. ——"Zi Zhi Tong Jian" are all collected here.
——Ming Dynasty Song Lian's "Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang" is collected from all sides. ——Ming Dynasty and Wei Xi's "The Legend of Da Tiezhu" 5. Another example: Jicuo (collecting and piecing together); Jiduo (collecting, folding); Jixianyuan (one of the three Tang literature halls.
Take charge of secretaries, pictures, books, etc.); Jizu (gather together, edit) 6. Depend on [depend on; attach oneself to] There is a destiny of gathering. ——"Poetry, Daya, and Ming Dynasty" 7. Another example: Jifu (submission, obedience); Jifu (return to the heart, submission) 8. To; suffer [arrive; suffer] without its death.
——"Guoyu Jinyu". Note: "To Ye."
9. Another example: Ji Liao (encountering suffering); Ji Ku (suffering a cold reception) 10. Success [acplish] To find a husband, Kong Duo, does not use Ji. ? This car can be used by one person to gather things together.
——"Zuo Zhuan·The Second Year of Chenggong" 11. Another example: assemble things (to make things happen; succeed) 12. Call together [call together; convene] all gather together. ——Hou Fangyu of the Qing Dynasty collected the words of various generals in his "Collected Works of Zhuang Huitang".
——Qing Dynasty Quan Zuwang's "Meihua Ridge" collects the story of a young man from Xiezhuang. ——Xu Ke, Qing Dynasty, "Qing Bailei Chao·War" 13. Tong "Ji" 14. Harmony, pacify [pacify; place] Ask why the people are settled.
——"Historical Records: The Family of Cao Xiangguo" The collection of officials was ineffective. ——"Book of Han·Kuang Heng Biography" Settled in Luoyang.
——"Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Du Shi Biography" Gather the officials and the people and teach according to the customs. ——"Wu Zi·Tu Guo" 15. Stabilize [stabilize] The world is initially settled, but the head of Guizhou in the distance has not yet gathered.
——"Historical Records·The Chronicles of Qin Shihuang" can almost explain Anji. ——"Han Shu·Wang Mang Biography" Save and care for the world, and settle down in China.
——"Selected Works·Sima Xiangru·Yu Bashu Xi"
Such as: market (market); market day (market day) 4. Market town, market town [town] There are two Guandi Temples in the mountains, one in the east and one in the west. ——"Lao Can's Travels" There is a village in Wenshang County, Yanzhou Prefecture, Shandong Province, called Xuejiaji. There are more than a hundred families in this village, all of whom are engaged in farming.
——"The Scholars" 5. Part of the book or film [volume; part].
For example: these articles are published in three episodes; this film is divided into two episodes, upper and lower; ten-episode TV series 6. A total [set] composed of certain things (called elements) that are specified or meet certain conditions.
For example: Kongji 7. Jibu, the four-part classification of Chinese books such as Jing, Shi, Zi and Ji, lists poems and other works as Jibu [the fourth section of Encyclopedia Sinica] until the beginning of the Tang Dynasty There are four categories, namely Jing, Shi, Zi and Ji. ——"New Book of Tang" 8. The name of an ancient Chinese state [Ji prefecture].
In the third year of the Northern Wei Dynasty's deposed emperor (AD 554), it was changed to Dongba Prefecture. Named after the Jichuan River in the Northeast, it was sent to Liangzhou (now Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province) 9. Common phrases for surnames 1. Jibu jíbù [a category of literary works; Chinese literary works not included in the Classics, History and Philosophy] my country The fourth major category of ancient book classification, classics and history, specializes in literary works of various genres 2. Jícái [logging; skidding; yarding] A business of harvesting trees, felling, processing into logs, and then transporting them 3. Set meals jícān [eat from a mon pot] The way diners eat the dishes in the same container on the table.
Opposite of "sharing meals" 4. Integrated jíchéng [corpus; grand pendium] Overall; especially knowledge or evidence 5. Integrated circuit jíchéng diànlù [integrated circuit] Many transistors produced on small silicon wafers A circuit composed of components such as resistors and resistors can at least perform the functions of a complete electronic circuit. 6. Jicui jícuì [treasury] Collection of literary and artistic treasures 7. Header jíguǎn [header] A pipe or chamber connected to many small pipes (such as Exhaust collection pipe of a multi-cylinder engine) 8. assemble jíhé[assemble;collect;congrate;converge;muster;rally;gether;call together] to gather scattered people or things together; to bring together urgently 9. assemble jíhé[aggregate ] A set of rational numbers with certain mathematical elements having the same properties 10. Gathering jíhuì (1) [gathering; meeting; hold a meeting]: Many people gather together for a political meeting (2) [assemble] ∶ Gather together, gather the generals together 11. assemble jíjié (1) [mass;assemble;gather;group;rally]: mobilize the troops to a designated area to gather strength (2) [pile]: gather together to gather wealth (3) [ nucleate;concentrate]: concentrate to bring industrial companies together closely 12. Collection jíjǐn [a collection of outstanding specimens] compilation.