Wanmu Thatched Cottage is located at No. 3, Changxing Lane, Zhongshan 4th Road. It is a famous school founded by the bourgeois reformists in modern China.
In 1891, in order to promote his reform ideas and cultivate reform talents, Kang Youwei, a modern bourgeois reformer in China, rented part of the Qiu family's study room in Guangdong Province where the Qiu family's children went to the provincial capital to take exams. Lecture Hall (Changxing School), where students gathered to give lectures and promote reformist ideas, became the source of the Reform Movement of 1898.
Chinese name Wanmu Thatched Cottage
Contents
1 History
2 Lecture scope
3 Status changes< /p>
4 Travel Guide
1 History
Editor
Qiu's Study Room was built in the ninth year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1
< p>Wanmu Thatched Cottage804) is an ancestral hall-style building with three rooms, three entrances, two patios and a hard top. It has gray tube tiles, some gray moldings remain on both sides, blue brick walls and stone feet, and a brick and wood structure. It is 15.8 meters wide and 35.3 meters deep, with an area of ??about 663 square meters.
The first facade is three rooms wide and 15.8 meters wide. The four characters "Qiu's Study Room" are engraved on the door forehead. It is three rooms deep and about 5 meters long with twelve shelves. The nave is three rooms wide, about three rooms 8.5 meters deep, with fifteen shelves, stone eaves columns, wooden and gold columns, and bucket-type beam frames. The back hall is three rooms wide, three rooms deep, about 9 meters long, has eighteen shelves, and has two corridors in the front.
After the Sino-French War, in order to promote his reform ideas and cultivate reform talents, Kang Youwei rented the "Qiu Academy" as a lecture hall in 1891 (the seventeenth year of Guangxu) and founded the Wanmu Thatched Cottage. He gave lectures, promoted reformist ideas, and carried out political activities, becoming the source of the Reform Movement of 1898. In 1892, Wanmu Thatched Cottage moved to the Kuang Clan Ancestral Hall on Weibian Street (near today's Guangwei Road). In 1893, due to the large number of scholars, it was moved to the Yanggao Temple in the Guangfu Academy (today’s Guangzhou No. 1 Workers’ Cultural Palace on Wenming Road). Traditionally, people refer to the schools set up by Kang Youwei at these three sites as "Wanmu Thatched Cottage".
Kang Youwei was born in a scholarly family. He had a vast collection of old books and read some Western books in his family collection since he was a child. He had lofty ambitions since he was a child. When he was nineteen years old, he studied hard for three years in Lishan Cottage under the tutelage of Zhu Ciqi, a famous Confucian at that time. Later, he traveled to Hong Kong and Shanghai and came into contact with a large number of Western books. He claimed to have "new knowledge and deep thinking, wonderful understanding of fine principles, deep reading and admiration, and great progress every day." ("Kang Nanhai's Self-compiled Chronicle") Faced with the profoundness of the nation During the crisis, he came up with the idea of ????learning from the strengths of the West, implementing reform and reform, and rescuing the national crisis. In the winter of 1888 (the fourteenth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), Kang Youwei, a commoner, resolutely went to Beijing to write to Emperor Guangxu requesting reforms. Not only did he get no results, but he was ridiculed. In the spring of 1890 (the 16th year of Guangxu's reign), his family moved to Guangzhou and began to give lectures. Because of his great reputation for writing letters in civilian clothes, Chen Qianqiu, Liang Qichao and others who were studying at Xuehaitang Academy at that time came to ask for his help. They were impressed by his knowledge and wanted to become his disciples. At this time, young students also came here because of the reputation. At the request of Chen and Liang, Kang Youwei rented Qiu's bookstore in Changxing, officially opened a school building, and established Wanmu Thatched Cottage.
2 Lecture Scope
Editor
Wanmu Thatched Cottage mainly teaches the academic origins, historical and political evolution of China over thousands of years, gains and losses, and also covers the history and politics of Western countries. There is also an emphasis on sports and music. When Wanmu Thatched Cottage was founded, Kang Youwei advocated "getting rid of the stereotypes of the predecessors and developing unique new principles." The name of the thatched cottage has the meaning of cultivating thousands of trees and cultivating talents for the country. In March 1891, Kang Youwei wrote "Changxing Xue Ji" as the academic rules of Wanmu Thatched Cottage. Based on the "Analects of Confucius" "Aiming at Tao, relying on virtue, relying on benevolence, and wandering in art" as the outline, he imposed moral principles on students, Intellectual and physical education. In terms of moral education, Kang Youwei advocated traditional moral cultivation such as being strict with oneself, being cautious about independence, focusing on tranquility, cultivating the mind, observing dignity, walking on filial piety, advocating compassion, and sharing the same body. The content of it still did not deviate from the feudal education system, but he The purpose is to inspire integrity, carry forward the spirit, and strive for success. In terms of intellectual education, Wanmu Caotang offered four courses at that time: the study of principles, the study of world affairs, the study of textual criticism and the study of Ci and Zhang.
The study of ethics includes Confucianism, Buddhism, the studies of Zhou and Qin philosophers, Neo-Confucianism of the Song and Ming dynasties, Western philosophy, etc.; the study of economics includes political principles, gains and losses in the political history of China, gains and losses in the political history of all nations, political application, The study of group studies, etc.; the study of textual criticism, including Chinese classics, history, history of all nations, geography, mathematics, Gezhixue, etc.; the study of characters (the study of ci and chapters), including the study of Chinese ci and chapters, and the study of foreign languages ??and philology. Although these courses were still based on traditional academics, they were in sharp contrast to the traditional schools at that time that specialized in eight-legged essay writing and Tie Kuo Ci Zhang. In terms of physical education, in addition to stipulating physical education classes, Kang Youwei also combined physical education with ritual practice, incorporated physical education into ceremonial music, and held military drills and shooting exercises. With the help of his disciples, Kang Youwei compiled "An Examination of New Learning Apocrypha" and "An Examination of Confucius' Reorganization", which relied on ancient reforms, promoted modern scriptures, and advocated reform and reform. At first, there were less than 20 students, but later the number increased to more than 100, and a group of famous reform talents were cultivated. Among them, Liang Qichao, Mai Menghua, Xu Qin, etc. became the backbone of the Reform Movement of 1898. In 1894, Kang Youwei went to Beijing to participate in the joint examination, which was temporarily suspended. After 1896, there were short-term lectures.
Wanmu Thatched Cottage
Wanmu Thatched Cottage (3 photos)
It is precisely because Wanmu Thatched Cottage is based on Confucianism, Buddhism, and Neo-Confucianism of the Song and Ming Dynasties. It uses both Xinxue and Western learning, so its lectures are also quite distinctive. This is reflected in: 1. Combination of Chinese and Western academics. While teaching the study of doctrine, Western philosophy is also taught; when teaching textual research and the study of characters, Western content such as the history of nations, geography, mathematics, Gezhiqunology, and foreign languages ??are often added. 2. Pay attention to sports. In addition to stipulating physical education classes, Kang Youwei also combined physical education with ritual practice, incorporated physical education into ceremonial music, and held military drills and shooting exercises. 3. Respect the modern classics. Kang Youwei believed in "An Examination of New Learning Apocrypha" that the ancient Chinese classics admired by rulers of all dynasties were all "apocryphal classics", which were forged by Liu Xin in the late Western Han Dynasty to "decorate the classics to support usurpation" and were established for Wang Mang to usurp the Han Dynasty. The "New" Dynasty provided theoretical basis and should be called "New Learning"; the "New Learning" fabricated "Apocrypha" based on the sages, completely obliterating the original meaning of Confucius's "Miscellaneous Words and Great Meanings" and "Reformation based on ancient times". Kang Youwei used the examination of the authenticity of modern and ancient classics to attack the ancient classics advocated by the rulers of the Qing Dynasty, in order to shake the theoretical foundation of feudalism, attack the ideological roots of the die-hards' "adherence to the ancestral precepts", and remove ideological obstacles to reform and reform. . 4. Pay attention to Lu Wu Xin Xue. When Kang Youwei lectured on Neo-Confucianism of the Song and Ming dynasties at Wanmu Thatched Cottage, he focused on the psychology of Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Shouren, which was also an important part of the lectures at Wanmu Thatched Cottage. When Liang Qichao was a disciple of the Thatched Cottage, he asked Kang Youwei for "the policy of studying". Kang Youwei immediately replied: First, teach the study based on the mind of the King of Lu, and then teach some history and Western studies. This is because the scholars at that time had no ambitions and no knowledge. They were only interested in profit and "only studied Tie Kuo", and their thoughts were bound by Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism. He talked about Lu Wang Xinxue, which emphasized spirit, moral education, and emphasized the role of human subjective spirit, thus cultivating a number of famous reform talents such as Chen Qianqiu, Liang Qichao, Xu Qin, Han Wenju, Cao Tai, and Mai Menghua. [1]
Because Wanmu Thatched Cottage has clearly stated that the purpose of running a school is to combine Chinese culture with Western culture, and adopts an educational content that pays equal attention to both Chinese and Western culture. It had a great influence on the academy teaching at that time. Later, when Liang Qichao taught at the Current Affairs School in Hunan, he basically inherited the school spirit of Wanmu Thatched Cottage.
3 Status changes
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After liberation, Wanmu Thatched Cottage once became the workshop of a lock factory. Later, it became a large courtyard where 40 households lived. The residents built toilets and built walls inside, which seriously damaged the structure of the house. The damage to the walls alone reached 20%, and many building components and cultural relics were damaged or lost. In 1983, Wanmu Thatched Cottage was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Guangzhou. In 2004, the city of Guangzhou invested 13 million yuan to move out more than 40 households and conduct comprehensive renovations on the thatched cottage. It also plans to build Wanmu Thatched Cottage into a Yuexiu District Museum to display cultural relics and historical materials of Kang Youwei and other historical figures. In 2006, Guangzhou Urban Reconstruction Company combined with the Zhongshan 4th Road reconstruction project and invested more than 2.3 million yuan to comprehensively repair the buildings at the old site of Wanmu Thatched Cottage based on the principle of "not changing the original state of the cultural relics". The main building at the old site has basically been restored to its original appearance. . After the renovation was completed in September 2007, it has been surrounded by temporary and illegal construction. Relevant departments cleared away the surrounding buildings that were unsightly, and the century-old thatched cottage was able to see the light of day again. On June 14, 2008, on the occasion of China's third Cultural Heritage Day, the renovated Wanmu Thatched Cottage reopened to the public free of charge.
4 Travel Guide
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Safety is the guarantee of a happy journey. It is best to purchase travel accident insurance before setting off to Wanmu Thatched Cottage, so that you can receive timely assistance if an accident occurs[1].
Try to bring as little cash as possible during your trip to Wanmu Thatched Cottage. Do not put money in your luggage and keep it close to you. It is best to shop in regular stores and ask for proof of purchase.
Important documents such as identity cards, credit cards, and air and ship tickets must be carried with you and kept properly. Before leaving for Wanmu Thatched Cottage, it is best to make a copy of each and put it in your handbag, and put the original copy in your underwear pocket. Don’t agree easily when someone checks your ID. You should report it to the team leader for handling. If the team leader is not present, you can ask the other party to show their ID card or work certificate, otherwise they will be refused. If the other party is a police officer, you should also write down his ID number, badge number and car number.
During the tour to Wanmu Thatched Cottage, tourists should keep all supporting documents that may be needed, such as travel contracts, travel invoices, attraction tickets, medical documents, etc., and do not rely solely on verbal promises. When necessary, consumers can record the negotiation process with travel agencies in the form of audio recordings for future reference. If you encounter infringement, you must promptly report it to travel agencies, consumer associations, tourism quality supervision institutes and other institutions.
Women travel alone to Wanmu Thatched Cottage
For modern women, traveling alone is no longer difficult. However, if you have not considered travel safety issues, you may be defrauded or robbed while traveling, which may damage your money or endanger your personal safety. What safety issues should women pay attention to when traveling?
1. When traveling to Wanmu Thatched Cottage for women, a little makeup will not only add beauty to your journey, but will also be great for taking photos, leaving better memories. It is best to wear light makeup when traveling abroad. Bringing one or more scarves can match your clothes to make your appearance "various". It is light and does not take up space. It can be used as a headscarf or veil; it can also be used to wrap luggage, so it has multiple uses. Dress simply and naturally. Traveling is not a beauty pageant, so don’t dress up in flashy clothes.
2. Married women should wear a ring when traveling to show strangers that you are married. Also, never drink from strangers or accept invitations from strangers (even if they are girls).
3. When traveling and staying at Wanmu Thatched Cottage, be sure to inform your family of the hotel name, phone number, and scheduled stay time. If you are traveling in a group, take note of your teammates’ room phone numbers.