The surname Xu (Xū) originated from:
Origin Liuyi
It comes from the Hexu clan in the tribe of Emperor Yan in ancient times. It is a surname based on the name of the ancestor's clan.
Emperor Yan is a famous clan leader, and his tribe is best at agricultural production.
The tribe of Emperor Yan worshiped the phoenix totem, and together with the tribe of Huangdi who worshiped the dragon totem, they were considered the ancestors of the Chinese nation.
There was a tribe in Emperor Yan’s tribe called the Hexu family, and their descendants took "Xu" as their surname and it was passed down from generation to generation.
Origin 2
It comes from the officials of the Jin Dynasty during the Spring and Autumn Period. It is a surname based on the name of the ancestor.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a nobleman from the Jin State who was enfeoffed in Huaxu (today's Lantian, Shaanxi Province). Among his descendants, they later took the name of their ancestors' fiefdom as their surname and were called the Huaxu family. It was renamed Fenyan to the single surnames Xu and Hua, and has been passed down from generation to generation to this day.
There was a doctor in Jin State named Xu Chen, his son was named Xu Jia, Xu Jia’s son was named Xu Ke, and Xu Ke’s son was named Xu Tong.
This is a branch of the Xu surname that was formally formed and passed down from generation to generation. It is a major source of the Xu surname today.
Ancestor
Xu Chen.
Among the officials of the Jin Dynasty, there was a Xu Chen. According to the research of historical scholars, he was the ancestor of the Xu family in China.
Xu Chen, whose courtesy name was Ji Zi, was granted the title of Ji Zi in a fief named Ji after Jin Wengong came to dominate the feudal lords.
According to the records of "Zuo Zhuan", Xu Chen was an official in the Jin State and worshiped Sikong. His descendants for generations were all officials of the Jin State, such as his son Xu Shen and his great-grandson Xu Tong, who successively dominated the situation. , which made the Xu family extremely famous at first.
The Xu family, which originated in Shanxi, has spread and multiplied for a long time. By the Song and Ming Dynasties, it was spread all over the world.
The famous family lived in Wuxing County (now Wuxing County, Zhejiang Province).
Therefore, the descendants of the Xu family regarded Xu Chen as their ancestor.
Origin of the surname
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Sikong Jizi, a senior official of the Jin Dynasty, was named Xu Chen. His descendants took the ancestor's character "Xu" as their surname. The birthplace of their surname was ancient Langya The county is now the city of Shandong Province.
(Source: Hubei Fine Arts Publishing House, "Hundred Family Surnames", page 285)
Ji's surname Xu ranks 297th in China today, accounting for about 10,000 of the country's Han population. 1.4
The country has its history, the province has its Cheng, the county has its ambitions, and the family has its genealogy, all of which are the actions of the Ming Dynasty.
The ancients said: "A family has a genealogy, a country has a history, and counties and counties have aspirations." Genealogy records the origin of a surname, ambitions narrate the entire history of a place, and history records the rise and fall of a country. Both are indispensable.
The genealogy faithfully records the origin of the clan, the rise and fall of the school, and the achievements of the ancestors. It is an edict that will be passed down to future generations, a legacy that will last for generations, and a family heirloom.
The Chinese nation has attached great importance to family blood relations since ancient times. Each family member is named according to his or her generation. Even after many years or thousands of miles apart, members of the same family can be ranked according to their genealogy. It can be said that without family history, there will be no nuanced national history and civilization history. In view of this, the compilation of family trees has been advocated in all ages.
In the peaceful and prosperous times, we should cultivate our annals and continue our genealogy to find our roots, gather our clans and visit our ancestors, learn about the origins of our ancestors, integrate the family ties of blood, seek harmonious development, pursue the virtues of our ancestors, inherit the legacy of our ancestors, and collect the name of our clan. , with the idea of ??rejuvenating the country, glorifying the achievements of the predecessors, being loyal and sincere to the country, being kind and upright, diligent in pioneering and entrepreneurship, and passing on the history of the Qing Dynasty of the Xu family.
Since ancient times, loyalty to the country and filial piety to others have been the virtues of the people of the Yan and Huang Dynasties; remembering the ancestors, inheriting the past and linking the future, honoring the ancestors, and continuing them from generation to generation are the foundation of establishing a world.
In order to inherit the career of our ancestors, carry forward the family tradition, and enable future generations to respect their ancestors and practice good moral conduct, we continue to compile the "Xu Family Genealogy".
The original "Xu Family Genealogy" in Jiujiang (compiled before the Republic of China) was burned during the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s. Although it was revised in the early 1990s, the recorded history It is incomplete, the context is unclear, there are many omissions, and it is very incomplete. As a descendant of the Xu family with a little education, I feel uneasy.
It is our responsibility and obligation to repair the ancestral genealogy and continue it. Although we have long wanted to rebuild and improve the genealogy, the information is incomplete and we are busy with work and have no time to take care of it.
In the winter of Wuzi (2008), the Fengcheng and Jinxian branch clans personally invited people to compile genealogies. The Jiujiang people discussed the big plan and went to Jinxian Mashan to discuss the Jinxian plan with the Jiangxi Xu family. Mashan, Mashanzhong, Mashanxia, ??Baixu Township, Mashan Xujia, Gaoziling, Wantou, Haoshang, Baitu, Liaodun, Minqiao, Xiaotang Zhongbao, Railway Ougang, Dushi Xingqiao, Xiao in Fengcheng Qiao, Yinshan and other branches of fellow practitioners genealogy matters.
At this good opportunity, with the efforts of the clan members Lirong, Lisen, Lizhu, Lizhang, Deming, Deqing, etc., we searched for information and documents in many ways, actively raised funds for genealogy revision, searched for ancestors' monuments, and searched for classics. Historical records and genealogy inscriptions have connected the genealogies of Jiujiang and Fengcheng, extending the history of the Xu family in Jiujiang to the Spring and Autumn Period.
Tracing back to its origins, the Xu surname has a long history. As early as 7,000 BC in the primitive times of the early People's Republic of China, a Suiren family named their own surname "Feng". The Suiren family's daughter "Hua Xu" gave birth to Fuxi, creating Chinese history. In the era of Three Emperors and Five Emperors, from 6477 BC to 6352 BC, there were five emperors, Fuyi, Weiyi, Siqiao, Guiwen, and Fuyang, who were called the "Hexu family". According to "Xutongkao·Tongxingyisect": " The descendants of the Hexu family are also the Xu family." The preface to the "Xu Family Genealogy" compiled by Gengchen in the sixth year of Guangxu's reign in Shehong County, Yanting, Sichuan, contains: "The mother Hua Xu conceived the emperor Hua Xu in Zhu".
The Xu surname should have originally evolved from the "Huaxu family" and "Hexu family". Due to the passage of time, vicissitudes of the world, historical development and Qin Shihuang's burning of books and entrapment of Confucians, many historical facts have been difficult to verify.
According to the records and research of our ancestors, the Xu family in Jiujiang originated from the surname Feng and the surname Ji. It started from Ji Ji, the seventh son of Ji Chengshi, the seventh son of Shu Wohuan, Qu Wohuan of the Jin Dynasty in the Spring and Autumn Period.
In the early Spring and Autumn Period, there was a long-term power struggle between the royal family and the nobles in the Jin State. At that time, the ninth king of the Jin State, Jin Muhou, had two sons, Ji Chou and Ji Chengshi. After the death of Jin Muhou, the Jin Dynasty Mu Hou's brother Jin Shangshu usurped the throne. Four years later, Prince Ji Chou killed Jin Shangshu and regained the throne. He became Jin Wenhou.
In 745 BC, Jin Zhaohou, the son of Jin Wenhou, succeeded to the throne and named his uncle Ji Chengshi (802 BC to 731 BC) in Quwo (now Wenxi, Shanxi). Ji Chengshi Named Quwo Hengshu, Uncle Huan gave the surname to his son. He was a meritorious official of the eighteen clans. His seventh son Ji Ji was listed as one of the public clans. He grew up in Pudi (today's Pu County, Linfen, Shanxi) and was given the surname Xu. Xu Ji is the ancestor of the Xu family.
In Beijing, he killed King You. Prince Ji Yijiu ascended the throne and was named King Ping. In 770 BC, the capital was moved to Luoyang. Xuzu was young and had no choice but to go to court for the princes, so he moved to Langya, Shandong to settle down. Yi Ji took the surname of Xu as Jigong and became a prince in Pudi. The chief of the city, Xuchen, the grandson of Duke Yigong, once went into exile with Chong'er, Duke Wen of Jin. In the decisive battle of Chengpu between Jin and Chu, he performed extraordinary feats with a tiger-skinned horse and was worshiped by Sikong. The Xu family became prominent in the Jin state.
In 614 BC, the Qin Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty were at war. Xu Jia, the son of Chen Gong, was demoted from his official rank and sent to the Wei State for delaying the military flight. Your Majesty, Duke Tong had a grudge against the powerful officials Luan Shu and others. Later, Duke Tong and Duke Li of Jin were killed together. Duke Tong’s son Xu He moved to Qi State due to his father’s death (the descendants of Duke Tong’s youngest son Xu Yi changed their surname to Tong). Grandson of Duke He Xu Ze was the Mu Ling Mu, and the four sons of Duke Ze, Xu Qi, Xu Bi, Xu Du, and Xu Si, all served as officials in the State of Qi and were deeply loved by the people. The father, grandson, father and son gathered together in Langya to form the Xu family's county title—— Langya County (now northwest of Langyatai, Jiaonan County, Shandong Province).
The thirty-sixth generation ancestor Xu Qingyun was appointed as the Fuchun Order. It is said that Xu Yuhu was born in the sixth generation (he was promoted to imperial censor after becoming an official in the Hanlin Academy). Yuhu Gong had twelve sons (Tianying, Tianming, Tianxian, Tianyun, Tianrui, Tianshun, Tianhuai, Tiansong, Tianbin, Tianchang, Tiancui, Tianjiang), had thirty-one grandchildren, all of whom were very distinguished. There were many descendants at that time, and they lived in Shuntian, Jinling, Taiyuan, Xi'an, Xiangui Peak, From the west of Dadu, some returned to Langya and some stayed in Xichuan. The third son of Duke Yuhu was Xu Tianxian, the third son of Duke Tianxian was Xu Yuanchi, the eldest son of Duke Yuanchi was Xu Xu, and he lived in Changsha. The sons of Duke Xu were Xu Xian and Xu You, Yougong guarded Changsha. In the Qianfu period (AD 874), the 46th ancestor Xiangong abandoned the imperial censor and inspected the ancestral tomb, and moved from Changsha to Linchuan, Jiangxi. The descendants of Xiangong were prosperous and he had two sons ( Xu Qi, Xu Gu), four grandsons (Xu Tai, etc.), eight great-grandsons (Xu Yancong, Xu Yanming, etc.), fifteen yuan grandsons (Xu Shiheng, Xu Shilong, Xu Shiquan, etc.).
During the tomb sweeping, his descendants moved to Dugucha, Linchuan. Xutan, the fifth descendant of Qianfu Gong, moved to Mashan, Jinxian Nanxiang between the reign of Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty. Descendants of Xu Shiquan lived in Huayuan, Wantou, Guankeng, and Luo Xi, Fenglin Bridge and other places; Xu Xuan (the 51st generation), the youngest son of Xu Shilong (the magistrate of Xi'an Prefecture), migrated from Linchuan Xiangui Peak to Daling in Yihuang, and passed down to the 62nd generation ancestor Xu Yuanzhao. At the end of the war (1368), Yuan Zhaogong moved to Tanshu Ao, Guangfeng Township, Fengcheng County. His eldest son Xu Jichen lived in Tanshu Ao, his second son Xu Jicheng moved to Luoxing Bridge, and his youngest son Xu Jirang moved to Tongshu Bridge.
Xu Yongling, the eldest son of Duke Ji Chen, and Xu Bi (Bi) Tang, the eldest son of Duke Yongling, came from Fengcheng County, Hongdu with his wife Huang Shi Su'an and their son Xu Haidi in the second year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1404 AD). Tanshu'ao, Guangfeng Township, moved to the foot of Gaoliang Mountain, Hexishe, Xianju Township, Dehua County (now Xujiashan, Jianshan Village, Xinhe Town, Jiujiang County) to start a business, and chose a place named Xujiashan.
The Xu family in Jiujiang was passed down by Bi Tang to Xu Haidi, and Haidi passed on to Xu Chengtang and Xu Qingtang. Qingtang had three sons: Xu Zhicong, Xu Zhijiang, and Xu Zhiqi. Zhijiang returned to his native Tanshu'ao, Fengcheng; Three sons were born: Xu Longtang, Xu Fengtang, and Xu Hutang. Because Longtang died young, Duke Zhicong abandoned Confucianism and practiced martial arts, and later became the eldest son; Duke Zhiqi’s son, Xu Hu, studied farming and established a career. Duke Hu gave birth to Xu Chaoming, and Duke Chaoming gave birth to him. Xu Tinghu and Gong Tinghu gave birth to six sons: Xu Junxian, Xu Fuqing, Xu Junqing, Xu Wuming, Xu Xingsu and Xu Yousheng, so after Duke Fuqing was the second, after Duke Junqing was the third, after Duke Wuming was the fourth, and after Duke Xingsu was the fifth Fang, after Youshenggong, it is Yaofang.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, people and wealth flourished, and students and civil and military officials emerged in large numbers. The Xianfeng period was especially prosperous. Twenty-four people in the dynasty at that time, wearing flower feathers on their heads, went together to worship their ancestors during the Qingming Festival. The event was unprecedented.
Nowadays, the Xu family in Jiujiang has passed through the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Republic of China, and the Republic of China. It has been more than 600 years since the Spring and Autumn Period. Some of the people who moved to Liaojialing in the Tortoise Dragon family moved to counties and urban areas, some moved to Yong'an and ports, some moved to Ruichang and Nanchang, some moved to Xuzhou and Dalian, some moved to Guangdong, Guangxi, Beijing, Shanghai, etc., and they lived scattered in various places. However, tracing back to their roots, they all He is a descendant of Duke Bi Tang of Xujiashan.
We are happy to be in a prosperous age, with good government and people, all industries are prosperous, the ancestral land is blessed, and talents come out in large numbers.
The tribesmen adhere to the legacy of their ancestors and remember the family mottos of their ancestors. They may engage in farming, business, education, or manage government affairs in order to survive and develop. Although they are rich and poor, they are all poor. There are differences, but he is loyal to morality, diligent in his duties, and brave in pioneering. His enterprising spirit and hard work can all be praised.
In order to inherit the virtuousness of the ancestors, repay their merits and honor their virtues, and prosper the future, ancestral halls were rebuilt in Xujiashan and Xujiadun to honor the ancestors.
When drinking water, remember the person who dug the well. When you are happy, you still feel the grace of your ancestors. Water has a source and trees have roots. The merits of generations are reflected in the text.
The origin of the Xu clan has no detailed history, and there are different opinions on the origin of the clan. Now we have examined the origin and origin of the clan, learned about the origin of the ancestral line, and clearly compiled the genealogy to extend to future generations and establish ourselves as a person. Don’t forget the fundamentals.
Only by remembering history, and only by remembering history, can we create a better future! The family tree has been published, and my long-cherished wish has been fulfilled. I only hope that our descendants will make good use of it and treasure it properly.
May your descendants have flourishing branches and luxuriant leaves, and be virtuous and famous from generation to generation. This is the preface.
Preface to the Five Revised Genealogy of the Xu Family
The "Preface to the Five Revised Genealogy of the Xu Family" from Jiujiang, Jiangxi, recorded in the 10th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty: "...the Xu family has the surname of Ji...the son of King Wu became the The king's younger brother Shu Yu (named "Tang") and his son "Xie Gong" passed the news on the king of Jin (changed Tang to Jin) to Muhou (Jin Muhou). The prince said: "Qiu", and the young man said: "Chengshi". ("Qiu" is "Jin Wenhou", and his son "Bo" is "Jin Zhaohou"). Zhaohou was granted the title of "Quwo" (today's Fengcheng Village, 5 miles southwest of Quwo County, Shanxi Province) and became a disciple of his uncle. "The title is "Uncle Huan of Quwo"; Uncle Huan's seventh son "Ji Gong" is classified as a public clan. He eats food from "Pu Di" as a prince, and his grandson "Yi Gong" is a Pu official. He took his position as his surname (official, Xu also, called Xu Yi)... From Yi to Chen (Xu Chen), only for three generations, he made great achievements in the city of Pu, and the Xu family became prominent in Jin...
"Uncle Quwo Huan"'s eldest son "Xian" is "Quwo Zhuangbo", and his grandson is "called" "Quwo Wugong", which is the "Jin Wugong" who succeeded "Jin Aihou", ending the 17 Jin Dynasties "Hou" opened the era of 20 "gong" in Jin Dynasty (the ancient titles were divided into five levels: duke, marquis, uncle, son, and male).
Because the father of "Jin Wugong" was "Quwo Zhuangbo". "Xian" and Xu Yi's grandfather "Ji Gong" are respectively the eldest son and seventh son of "Chengshi" - "Uncle Qu Wohuan"
So it is said: " The Xu family is one of the seven Jin clans after Tang Shuyu"
Historical records
According to "Guoyu-Jinyu IV" and "Zuo Zhuan": Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770-256 BC ) In the Spring and Autumn Period of Jin State (now Shanxi), Jin Wengong (the grandson of "Jin Wu Gong" and the son of "Jin Xiangong", named "Chong'er" and lived in "Pu Yi") was in exile. When Xu Yi's grandson Xu Chen, named Ji Zi, followed him, He has special merits (he is the uncle, teacher and senior counselor of Chong'er's clan with the surname "Ji"). "Zuo Zhuan - The Thirty-Third Year of Duke Xi" records that once, Xu Chen passed through Jidi (today's Hejin County, Shanxi Province) on a business trip. , happened to see Que Que, a descendant of a declining noble, weeding in the fields. His wife came to bring him food and water. The couple respected each other and "treated each other like guests" (this is where the idiom comes from).
He took Que Que away directly. Go and recommend it to Duke Wen.
Twenty years later, Xu Chen's grandson was attacked by this man and even fell into despair. Ma Hupi defeated the Chu army.
The official worshiped "Sikong", and the fief (fief) was "Jiu (now Yingcheng, Shanxi)", also known as Jijiu. Some descendants used "Yi" as their surname. "Jijiu" or "Jijiu".
His sons Xujia, grandson Xuke, and great-grandsons Xutong and Xuwu (doctor Quwo) are all "Qing and Dafu".
His younger brother Xu Ying served as the new general of the Jin army.
After Xu Chen's death, in the fourth year of King Zhou Qing's reign, Qin and Jin were at war. Xu Chen's son Xu Jia leaked military information to Zhao Chuan. Years later, the commander-in-chief Zhao Dun punished his tribesman Zhao Chuan by taking him as a hostage in the state of Zheng, deprived Xu Jia of his rank, and drove him to the state of Wei, where he appointed Xu Ke, the commander of the army. "Illness" was used as an excuse to seize his position.
During the reign of Duke Li of the Jin Dynasty, Xu Tong, the son of Ke, took advantage of Duke Li's concern that the ministers were too powerful. In addition to Que Que (Que Qi, Que Ji, Que Zhi), he became the minister. He had a grudge against the powerful ministers Luan Shu and Zhong Xing Yan.
Later Luan Shu and Zhongxing Yan (Xun Yan) killed Duke Li.
Xu Tong was killed.
Xu He (son of Xu Tong) moved his family to Qi State.
"Ten Years of Jiaqing".
Among them, to avoid vendetta, he changed "Xu" to "Tong" after his grandfather's name, and called Tong's surname ("Tongzhi - Clan Brief").
2 Edited by Xu Er's source
Are the "Xu" in "Fengdi" of Xu's surname and "Xu" in "From Xu Chen Shi" the same origin? According to records: one is that the Xu family is a branch of King Zhou Xuan with the surname of Ji; the other is that the Xu family is one of the seven Jin clans after Tang Shuyu (surnamed Ji). It may be that "Xu" really has two origins, or it may be a writing error in the record, but it is actually one. out.
In 805 BC, Marquis Mu of Jin and King Xuan of Zhou attacked the surrounding ethnic minorities Tiaorong and Benrong (about today's Xia County, Shanxi), and they were defeated.
Marquis Mu of Jin did not forget this shame and named a son born that year Qiu and made him the prince.
In 802 BC (the tenth year of Jin Muhou), Jin Muhou won the battle of Qianmu (90 miles north of Anze, Shanxi today), and named a son born that year Chengshi. , taking the meaning of "success".
Then the first clerical error may record the youngest son of Marquis Mu of Jin "as a master" as "the branch son of King Xuan of Zhou"; the second clerical error may record "Xu Ze and his four sons served in the Qi Dynasty and had an official reputation. The county "Langya" is recorded as "Feng Hua Xu Kingdom. During the reign of King You of Zhou Dynasty, he lived in Langya to avoid dogs and soldiers, and Yi's surname was Xu". It needs to be tested, but it is true that the surname is "Ji".
The Yunnan Stone Stele "Preface to the Xu Family Genealogy" "...Wuxu, after Langya County, moved south to Fangbeique, and was followed by Xu Chen, the doctor of Hui and Wen Jin...".
Since "Xu Chen is his (Langya County) queen", the "fiefdom" is connected with Xu Chen.
The key lies in: 1. Is "Langya" "Qi Langya" or "Langya County, Longxi County, Gongchang Prefecture, Shaanxi Province (now Longxi County, Gansu Province) (this county is mentioned in books, but it cannot be tested)".
If it refers to "Qi Langya", then Xu Chen served as an official in the Jin tribe and did not forget his ancestors. It is set as "Langya County, Longxi County, Gongchang Prefecture, Shaanxi Province (now Longxi County, Gansu)"; it is possible that "Xu Ze and his four sons served as officials When he was in Qi, he had an official reputation and got the county of Langya" which means he returned to his hometown... If it refers to "Langya County, Longxi County, Gongchang Prefecture, Shaanxi Province", maybe Xu Ze and his fourth son did not forget their ancestors in Qi, and named the county "Langya" in Qi. ” shall be used from now on.
However, when looking up the names of ancient counties in Shaanxi Province, there is no such mention; and the 36 counties in the world began to be divided into the Qin Dynasty, and the "Langya Ancient Kingdom" was also in the Qin Dynasty.
2. Whether Xu Yi’s son Xu Chen’s father moved from “Pu Yi” to “Langya” and then served in the Jin Dynasty.
These are unclear. If there are no clerical errors in the genealogies of Hunan, Jiangxi and "Collected in Beijing", then - "Xu's Ji surname" is correct, but there are two sources that need to be verified.
B. The surname "Xu" comes from: Yi "Ji" is "Xu".
"Huaxu Kingdom" is an ancient country. The son of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty was granted the title of "Huaxu Kingdom". It is unknown whether it borrowed the ancient name or a new name. However, it can be speculated that "Ji" in Yi Dynasty was "Ji". "Xu" may be a homophonic pronunciation, and may be borrowed from the character "Xu" of the feudal state, using Guo as the surname.
"The surname is based on the position", because "Yi Gong" is a Pu official, and the official is also a subordinate.