Volleyball originated in the United States. In 1895, an American sports staff member named Williams Guy Morgan wanted to move tennis, which was already widely popular at that time, indoors and play it with hands on the basketball court. However, the indoor basketball court is small and the tennis ball can easily go out of bounds, so he made some improvements: First, he changed the rule that the tennis ball is allowed to hit the ground before hitting back to the ground. The second is to expand the size of the tennis ball and use basketball bladders to inflate it. beat. The next year, a doctor named the ball "Walibo", which means "flying ball in the air". The time when volleyball was introduced to China is said to be 1905 or 1913. "Hualibo" was renamed "volleyball" at the Ninth Sports Meeting of Guangdong Province held in March 1925, mainly taking its meaning of standing in rows. At the 18th Olympic Games in Tokyo in 1964, volleyball was played for the first time.
Volleyball has a history of one hundred years since its founding in 1895. From the beginning, volleyball was just a game and entertainment method for a few people. Today, it has become one of the sports that spreads across the five continents of the world and is loved by the masses.
Volleyball was invented in 1895 by a sports director named William Morgan in Holyoke, Massachusetts (formerly known as Massachusetts). At that time, tennis and basketball were very popular. Mr. Morgan believed that basketball was too intense and tennis was too light. He wanted to find an indoor entertainment project that was moderate in amount of exercise and interesting, and that both men, women and children could participate in, so he invented the volleyball game.
When this game started, he hung the tennis net on the basketball court and used a basketball to separate the net and play the game like tennis. But because the basketball was too big and heavy, it couldn't be played as expected, so I tried a basketball bladder instead. The basketball is too light and floats erratically in the air. It is inconvenient to play and difficult to control. Therefore, the city's "Spalding Sporting Goods Company" tried to make a ball with a circumference of 25-27 inches (about 255-346 grams). After trying it out with good results, we decided to use this kind of ball. Although the current international standard ball has gone through hundreds of years and undergone thousands of improvements, the specifications of the ball are almost the same as those of the first generation.
This new sport was originally named mintonette (small net). In 1896, Professor Halsted of Springfield suggested the name Volleyball (meaning continuous hitting in the air). The name remains in use today. Volleyball was first translated as "team ball" in my country, and later changed to "volleyball".
Volleyball is a new sport. In 1896, when the Youth Association of Springfield Youth Association Officer Training College held a meeting of the Youth Association Sports Officers in Springfield City, students from the school officially met with the audience in the form of demonstration performances. Won the audience's love and appreciation. In the same year, the first volleyball open tournament was held in Springfield. This was the world's first volleyball match. At that time, the game was five-on-five. Since then, this new sport has spread rapidly in schools. At the same time, it also aroused the interest of the U.S. military, and included volleyball as a military sports event. It was widely carried out in the military and once reached a fever pitch in the Air Force.
The first volleyball rules were published by American Mr. Cameron through Spaulding Sports Publishing. At that time, it stipulated the adoption of a "rotation system" and "15 points per game." In 1918, it also stipulated that the number of players on the field should be six. Since then, 6-man volleyball has become popular in Europe and the United States.
Springfield College is the birthplace of volleyball, and its youth club was the first organization to spread the sport of volleyball. YMCA officers, missionaries, Springfield College graduates, and U.S. troops participating in World War I all became the early spreaders of volleyball. Volleyball was first introduced to Canada in 1900. In the same year, it was introduced to India in Asia. From 1919 to 1918, during World War I, volleyball was brought to Europe through the U.S. Army. It is impossible to verify when, where and by whom volleyball was introduced to China. However, the existing historical data proves that volleyball activities have been carried out in Guangzhou, Hong Kong and other places in southern China as early as 1905.
In the early days when volleyball was introduced to our country, in addition to being developed and spread by some church schools, the YMCA also played a considerable role in promoting and spreading this project.
Volleyball was introduced to Asia in 1900. In the early days of development, the number of players on the field was not 6 but 16. According to the Filipino volleyball introducer and American Mr. F. S. Brown, "At that time, there were gymnasiums in the United States, which were more suitable for 6-person volleyball. There are many Asians, and most of them are played outdoors. It is important to consider that most people can participate in volleyball." Therefore, Mr. F.S. Brown and Mr. F.H. Brown introduced 16-a-side volleyball to the Philippines and Japan. Therefore, the 16-a-side system was adopted at the first Far Eastern Games in 1913. It evolved into a 12-a-side system at the Fourth Far Eastern Games in 1919, and a 9-a-side system at the Eighth Far Eastern Games in 1927. In July 1950, at the National Sports Workers Summer Study Conference held by the All-China Sports Federation, The rules and competition methods of 6-a-side volleyball were introduced for the first time, and the 6-a-side system was officially adopted in 1951. Since then, 6-a-side volleyball has gradually developed across the country.
Characteristics of volleyball
1. Broad mass appeal: The volleyball court equipment is simple and the rules of the game are easy to master. It can be played and trained on the court or in general open spaces. The amount of exercise can be large or small. It is suitable for people of different ages, genders, physiques and training levels.
2. Technical comprehensiveness: The rules stipulate that each player must rotate positions, not only to the front row to spik and block, but also to the back row to defend and respond. Each team member is required to fully master various techniques and be able to compete in various positions.
3. High degree of skill: The rules stipulate that the ball cannot fall to the ground during the game, and no holding or comboing of the ball is allowed. The short hitting time and the changeable hitting space determine the high skill of volleyball.
4. Fierce confrontation: In a volleyball match, the offensive and defensive transitions between the two sides are always carried out in fierce confrontation. In high-level competitions, the focus of confrontation is on the blocking on the net. In a game, it often takes six or seven rounds to win a point. The level of competition is extremely high, and the competition becomes more intense.
5. The duality of offensive and defensive skills: Volleyball is a sport in which a variety of skills can both score and lose points. This situation is even more prominent in the final game, so every skill has offensive and defensive capabilities. Duality, therefore, requires technology to be both aggressive and accurate.
6. Strict collective nature: Volleyball is a collective event. Except for serving, it is all conducted in collective cooperation. Without strict collective cooperation, no matter how good individual skills are, it will be difficult to display them, let alone play a tactical role. The higher the level of the team, the tighter the collective cooperation.
Volleyball knowledge and rules
The playing field is 18 meters long and 9 meters wide. The field is divided into two equal areas by the center line, which is 9.50 meters long and 1 meter wide. net. The height of the men's net is 2.43 meters and the height of the women's net is 2.24 meters. The ball is made of leather with a bladder made of rubber or similar materials inside, weighing 260 to 280 grams. In 1912, it was stipulated that players on both sides must rotate their positions. In 1917, each game was set to 15 points. In 1918, it was stipulated that each team should have six players. In 1922, it was stipulated that each side must hit the ball over the net within three times. The competition method used to be a serve-to-score system. On October 28, 1998, the FIVB decided to change it to a goal-to-goal system. It is still a best-of-five game. The first to score 25 points in each of the first four games is the winner. The first to score in the fifth game is the winner. The winner is the one with 15 points. If there is a tie at 24 or 14, the game must continue until a team leads by 2 points in order to win.
Competition method
1. Pre-match preparation: The first referee presides over the draw and first selects the right to serve and the ball area.
2. The starting and stopping of the game: After the first referee blows the whistle, he should stand at the end line of his respective court. When the whistle is blown again, stand in the original position (the position list filled out before the game).
3. Scoring:
A. After one side serves, if the team makes a mistake in receiving the ball, commits a foul, or the ball falls into the opponent's court, the server will score and continue to serve;
B. If the server serves illegally or out of bounds, the opponent will score and the serve will be changed.
4. Timeouts and substitutions:
In each game, each team has 2 timeouts and 6 substitution opportunities. (You can request it when the ball becomes dead)
1. Timeout: Each team has 2 timeouts in each game; a technical timeout every 8 minutes in a regular game.
2. Substitution:
A. The main player can only withdraw from the game once. When he plays again in the same game, he can only return to the game to replace his player.
B. A substitute player can only play once in each game and can replace any main player. In the same game, he can only be replaced by the player he replaced.
***Note: The player who takes the field at the beginning of the game is the main player, and the other players are substitutes.