Two masters passed away on the same day, namely Yuan Chengye and Guan De.
On January 9th, two pieces of bad news came out: Yuan Chengye, the hero of two bombs and one satellite, and Guan De, the founder of China Aeroelasticity Specialty, passed away.
Yuan Chengye and Guan De? Image source: wenhui APP, website of China engineering institute
Yuan Chengye, hero of "two bombs and one satellite", famous organic chemist, academician of China Academy of Sciences and researcher of Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences, died in Shanghai on the evening of January 9 at the age of 94.
as the "father of extractant chemistry in China", Yuan Chengye devoted all his life to the nuclear cause and industrial development of China, and devoted his wisdom and energy wholeheartedly. Until he was 9 years old, Etran devoted himself to the extraction, recovery and utilization of lithium, a strategic resource in China. "The needs of the country are my responsibility!" This is the motto of his life.
If he doesn't get full marks, he will insist on retaking the exam.
Yuan Chengye was born in Xiaoyue Town, Shangyu County, Zhejiang Province. My father, Yuan Kaiji, graduated from Jinling University and is an organic chemist. The name "inheritance" for my son is to hope that he can "inherit his father's business".
There are chemistry books at home, which cultivated Yuan Chengye's interest in chemistry. During the war, he fled with his mother to Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong and other provinces. When he was in trouble, he could only set up a stall to sell clothes. Despite the hard life, his parents still insisted on Yuan Chengye's education. He studied in seven middle schools and two cram schools. Yuan Chengye is particularly competitive in his studies. As long as he doesn't get full marks in the exam, he must persist in retaking it.
In p>1948, after graduating from National Pharmaceutical College (predecessor of China Pharmaceutical University), Yuan Chengye worked as a technician in Shanghai People's Pharmaceutical Factory No.1.. In July, 1951, as the first batch of international students sent by the government after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he went to the All-Soviet Institute of Medicinal Chemistry in Moscow for postgraduate study. At that time, he didn't know any Russian, and he just started learning letters on the train to Moscow. With the help of an old Soviet woman who tutored Russian for several hours every day, he began to study and work in the Soviet Union, and in September 1955, he passed his thesis defense with excellent results and obtained an associate doctorate in Soviet science.
In October of that year, Yuan Chengye returned to China, served as deputy chief engineer in the Pharmaceutical Industry Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Chemical Industry, and was transferred to Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences in September 1956. Since then, he has embarked on the research life of organic chemistry.
86-year-old Academician Yuan Chengye spoke at the seminar. Wen Hui APP Map
Two bombs and one satellite are the heroes
Mr. Yuan Chengye is one of the founders of extractant chemistry research in China. Based on the foundation and focusing on application, he found the best combination between national needs and scientific exploration.
in p>1959, in order to meet the urgent needs of national defense tasks such as "two bombs and one satellite", he resolutely switched from the research on synthetic drugs of amino acids and peptides, set up and led a research group on nuclear fuel extractant, and successfully developed extractants such as P-24, N-235 and P-35, which made great contributions to the development of China's atomic energy industry.
Qian Sanqiang, a famous expert in nuclear physics, recalled this period of history and said: "The research on extractant for extracting uranium played a key role in national defense construction at that time. Without it, uranium could not be extracted."
Yuan Chengye was awarded the medal and certificate of "Dedication to National Defense" by the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, and was elected as an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1997. In 1999, as one of 4 representatives of China Academy of Sciences, Yuan Chengye was received by scientific and technological experts who made outstanding contributions to the development of "two bombs and one satellite" by party and state leaders.
after completing the national defense scientific research task, Yuan Chengye led the team to successfully develop a series of new and practical extractants, which were widely used, among which 11 varieties of extractants were industrialized. These extractants covered almost all of the extractant industry in China at that time.
"We didn't come up with many extractants, nor did anyone ask us to do them. It is the production practice that puts forward such a demand, and we use our own knowledge to realize it. " A few years ago, looking back on his scientific research career, he said that one of the topics in the extraction of rare earth elements was the separation of niobium and tantalum. Because this process can't touch the glass, but all the bottles and jars in the laboratory are made of glass, they have to change all the glass instruments into plastic first. Later, N53 was successfully developed, which not only successfully extracted niobium and tantalum, but also contributed to the "dephenolization" of wastewater treatment in Shanghai.
The dignity and needs of the country are paramount
In Yuan Chengye's mind, the dignity of the motherland and the needs of the country are paramount, because he was displaced by war in his childhood.
in the 198s, when attending international academic conferences, Yuan Chengye twice encountered the wrong national flag hung by the conference organizers. After he found out, he immediately asked the president of the conference to change it to a five-star red flag. "Such a question of principle must not be vague!"
life is endless, and the dedication to the development of the country is inexhaustible. Even in his eighties, he still pays close attention to the frontier of science and technology. Academician Ding Kuiling, director of Shanghai Institute of Organic Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that lithium isotope separation of thorium-based nuclear energy and lithium resources in Qinghai Salt Lake, which are related to national strategic needs, have always been concerned by Mr. Yuan. More than a decade ago, he proposed to pay attention to the recycling of lithium resources and cherish this strategic resource, which has indeed become a hot spot in scientific research and industry today.
Hu Jinbo, director of the Key Laboratory of Organic Fluorine Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that when he undertook the lithium isotope separation project, he often consulted Mr. Yuan, and he unreservedly passed on his working ideas and specific practices accumulated over the years to young researchers.
He often says to young scientists, "You can't do research well without interest, but personal interest must be subordinated to the needs of the country." He inspired young people with the famous words of steel hero Paul Kochakin: "As a scientist, at the last moment of his life, he should also ask himself what useful contributions I have made to the country in my life."
Hu Jinbo said that Mr. Yuan has devoted a lot of efforts to these major national projects, but even his name does not appear in the project book. Such a spirit of disregarding fame and fortune and serving the country wholeheartedly has raised a guiding light for the younger generation of scientific research in the face of the complicated influence of society. "He will always be remembered in our hearts."
Guan De
Guan De, an academician of China Academy of Engineering and the founder and leader of China Aeroelasticity, died in Beijing on January 9th at the age of 85.
Image source: Aviation Industry (avic-28)
In August 1956, No.112 Factory (now Shen Fei, Aviation Industry) set up an aircraft design room, and Guande was transferred to the design room by the key departments of No.2 Machinery Department and No.4 Bureau (Aviation Industry Bureau). After completing the shape determination of the J-J-1 aircraft, he entered the aerodynamic group, specializing in aeroelasticity. At that time, the domestic aeroelasticity field was completely blank. Guan De and Xu Shunshou used hand-cranked computers and ground vibration test equipment. After two years of efforts, they finally ensured the flutter safety of the J-J-1 aircraft.
After p>1958, Guan De turned to the study of aerodynamic problems of supersonic fighters, and at the same time began to study the high and low speed wind tunnel tests. At that time, there were very few technical materials. Every time he passed through Beijing, Guan De would go to various units to find the materials, and then extract them into notebooks in different categories. In the 198 s, the book had recorded more than an inch of data.
Guan De in high school Image source: website of China Academy of Engineering
Since p>1961, Guan De has successively served as head of the flutter group, deputy director of the aerodynamic room, director of the overall and aerodynamic room, deputy chief designer and deputy director of Shenyang Institute of Aviation Industry. Guan De established an impedance test equipment for the J-8 aircraft to check the elastic stability of pneumatic servo, which made a great contribution to the development of J-8 aircraft. Based on the accumulation of rich knowledge and experience, as well as the perseverance and diligent pursuit of aeroelasticity, the excellent high-altitude and high-speed performance of the J-8 aircraft is guaranteed.
in p>1985, Guan de was appointed director of the science and technology bureau of the Ministry of Aviation Industry, chief engineer of the Ministry, director of the science and technology commission of the Ministry, and president of the China Aviation Research Institute. At the end of 1985, he was transferred to the General Administration of Civil Aviation of China as deputy director (and later served as deputy secretary of the Party Committee). Later, he was a professor at Beihang University, a doctoral supervisor and a professor at Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. In the meantime, no matter how busy I am at work, I will spare one night every week to give lectures to graduate students majoring in aeroelasticity. In 199s, Guan De began to study active flutter suppression by using chip sensors.
In p>1994, Guan De was a member of the Preparatory Committee of China Academy of Engineering. In the same year, he was elected as an academician of China Academy of Engineering.
On January 9, 218, he devoted his life's energy and left us forever!
歼 8Ⅱ? Image source: China Academy of Engineering website
We all know that China has nuclear weapons, but we don't know that an atomic bomb would be impossible without the extractant of nuclear materials!
We all know that there are fighters in China, but we don't know the aeroelasticity which is related to flight safety. Without it, fighters in China can't run!
We don't even know how many storms Yuan Lao and Guan Lao, the founders and leaders of these two industries, have experienced along the way!
low-key and restrained before his death, and immortal after his death!
two masters, go!