In the 16th century, marigold was also called stink chrysanthemum because its flowers and leaves had a smell of greenish odor. People called it this casually. Because of an anecdote later, marigold got its current name.
It is said that more than 500 years ago, a Spanish officer went to Mexico and accidentally discovered marigold wildflowers in the countryside. He thought they were very cute, so he took the seeds back to Europe. At that time, many people saw that it was full of golden flowers and used them to worship in front of the image of the Virgin Mary. According to the English name, Mary is Gold, which means golden Mary.
It was first spread to South China in the mid-16th century, and people didn’t know its name at that time. Because its flowers and leaves both have a greenish odor, we had to call it petal-smelly chrysanthemum.
Later, it was said that it was the 60th birthday of a county official. In order to add to the atmosphere, the housekeeper placed two rows of potted flowers at the gate. Suddenly, yellow and green were dazzling, and the county official was very happy. Jiandao: What kind of flower is this? The steward replied: It is the smelly chrysanthemum. Unexpectedly, the county magistrate heard it wrong and said, "It's marigold, good, good!" The housekeeper quickly complimented: Yes, yes, I wish you a long life! Since then, the name of marigold has spread like wildfire. In the book "Flower Mirror" written by Chen Fuyao in the Qing Dynasty in 1688, the name marigold was officially written. Introduction to marigold
Marigold, also known as stinky hibiscus, is a plant of the genus Tagetes in the Asteraceae family. It is native to Mexico and is cultivated for ornamental purposes throughout China, mostly growing in roadside meadows.
Another name for marigold
Marigold is also known as smelly hibiscus, marigold, honeycomb chrysanthemum, smelly chrysanthemum, and scorpion chrysanthemum.
Growth habits of marigold
Marigold likes a warm, humid and sunny environment and can tolerate drought. The suitable temperature for growth is 15-25℃, the suitable temperature for flowering period is 18-20℃, and the air temperature is 60-70%. The overwintering temperature in winter should not be lower than 5℃. Marigold is a photophilic plant, and sufficient sunlight is very beneficial to the growth of marigold. Marigold does not have strict soil requirements and prefers fertile, well-drained sandy loam.
The main value of marigold
Marigold has certain medicinal value and can also be used to extract pure natural yellow pigment. Marigold cultivation technology
Marigold, Asteraceae, Tagetes genus, scientific name TAGETES ERECTA.
1. Ecological habits: It is native to Mexico and the Americas. It is a biennial herb with thick stems, opposite or alternate leaves, pinnately split, and lanceolate lobes with serrations. It likes a warm and sunny environment, and does not grow well under hot summer conditions. It is not strict with the soil, but fertile, deep, humus-rich, and well-drained sandy soil is suitable.
2. Variety introduction Marigold has the characteristics of wide adaptability, long flowering period, and good gardening effect. It has always played an important role in landscaping. The common marigold varieties are introduced as follows:
1. MAYA series: Plant height: 25-30 cm, large flowers, flower diameter more than 10 cm, obvious short-day response, suitable for spring flowering applications. Summer flower beds are suitable for northern regions, while potted plants are suitable for autumn, winter or spring flower beds in southern regions. The main colors are: bright yellow, golden yellow, orange and other colors.
2. Antigua (ANTIGUA) series: Plant height is 20 cm, dwarf, very early flowering period, double flowers, suitable for production and application in summer and autumn. Special recommendation: summer and autumn, especially for flower beds in northern areas. The main flower colors are: golden yellow, orange yellow, primrose yellow, bright yellow and other colors.
3. Sowing and reproduction 1. Marigolds are propagated by seeds and can be sown in all seasons. Under suitable conditions, it takes about three months from sowing to flowering. For sowing, a 128-hole seedling tray can be used, using a mixture of one part vermiculite and two parts peat as the substrate. Marigold seeds are photophobic, so cover them lightly with vermiculite after sowing. Keep the soil temperature at 22-27 degrees Celsius for seedlings to emerge 2-5 days after sowing.
2. Planting: When the cotyledons of the seedlings are fully opened to 2-3 pairs of true leaves, the seedlings can be planted in flower pots. You can use 3 parts of loam and 1 part of decomposed manure, then add an appropriate amount of ternary compound fertilizer, and pour chlorothalonil after transplantation. 1000 times of solution is used as seedling slowing water. Try to avoid direct sunlight in the initial stage after planting, and gradually allow it to receive direct light after the seedlings have slowed down.
After slowing down the seedlings, water them once and then as little as possible to control the plant shape and allow the seedlings to wilt slightly. At this time, the ambient temperature is required to be 16-22 degrees Celsius.
4. Management temperature after transplantation: night temperature is 13-16 degrees Celsius, daytime temperature is 16-26 degrees Celsius. Light: Marigolds can tolerate full sun and maintain moderate light levels while maintaining as high a light level as possible. Watering: should be based on the principle of seeing dry and wet. Water in the morning in summer and autumn, and at noon in winter and spring. Fertilization: Apply 800 times liquid urea every 2-3 times of watering to promote plant growth. After the plant is full in the pot, topdress with 800 times liquid ternary compound fertilizer to promote flower bud differentiation.
Prevention and control of pests and diseases: (1) Botrytis: Botrytis cinerea 1000 times liquid spray or Phytophthora 800 times liquid spray. (2) Leaf miners: Spray Qianbiduo 1000 times liquid. The efficacy and role of marigold
The efficacy and role of marigold
It calms the liver, clears away heat, dispels wind and resolves phlegm. Treats dizziness, eye pain caused by wind and fire, convulsions in children, colds and coughs, whooping cough, mastitis, and gills.
1. The efficacy of marigold in the "Compilation of Commonly Used Folk Herbal Medicines" is recorded as: dispelling wind and reducing fire, resolving phlegm and relieving cough.
2. The efficacy of marigold in "Nanning Drug Chronicles" is recorded as: calming the liver and clearing away heat. Treat dizziness and convulsions in children.
3. The effects of marigold in the "Guangxi Medicinal Plant List" are recorded as: nourishing blood, stimulating menstruation, removing blood stasis and regenerating.
4. Marigold is used to treat wind-fire eye pain, dim eyesight, colds and coughs. Fumigation and cleansing of postpartum uterine prolapse plays a considerable role.
Oral administration: decoction, 1 to 3 yuan. External use: boiled in water, fumigated and washed.
Home remedies about the effects and functions of marigold
1. Treat whooping cough: 15 honeycomb chrysanthemums. Add boiled water to brown sugar and take it.
2. To treat tracheitis: one tael of fresh honeycomb chrysanthemum, three qian of Shui Chaoyang, and two qian of aster. Decoction in water and take.
3. To treat mumps and mastitis: Grind honeycomb chrysanthemum, Chonglou and Yinhua *** into powder, mix well with acid vinegar and apply externally to the affected area.
4. To treat toothache and eye pain: Honeycomb Chrysanthemum costs 5 qian. Decoction in water and take. (The selected recipe is "Kunming Folk Commonly Used Herbal Medicine")