The supreme sage is Confucius, the lesser sage is Mencius, the ancestral dragon is Qin Shi Huang Ying Zheng, and the crouching dragon is Zhuge Liang.
Confucius (September 28, 551 BC - April 11, 479 BC), whose surname was Kong, whose given name was Qiu, and whose courtesy name was Zhongni, was born in Liyi, Song Dynasty (now Henan Province). Xiayi County, Shangqiu City), was born in Zouyi, Lu State (now Qufu City, Shandong Province) during the Spring and Autumn Period. A famous great thinker, great educator and politician in China. Confucius created the culture of private lectures and was the founder of Confucianism.
Confucius once studied under Laozi and led some of his disciples to travel around the world for fourteen years. In his later years, he revised the Six Classics, namely "Poetry", "Book", "Ritual", "Music", "Yi" and "Spring and Autumn". According to legend, he had three thousand disciples, including seventy-two sages. After Confucius's death, his disciples and his subsequent disciples recorded the words, deeds, quotes and thoughts of Confucius and his disciples, and compiled them into the Confucian classic "The Analects of Confucius".
Confucius was revered as the "Sage of Heaven" and the "Muduo of Heaven" in ancient times. He was one of the most erudite scholars in the society at that time, and was respected as the Saint of Confucius and the Holy Saint by the rulers of later generations. , the most holy teacher, the most holy teacher of Dacheng Wenxuan Wang, the teacher of all generations. His Confucianism has a profound influence on China and the world. Confucius is listed as the first among the "Top Ten Cultural Celebrities in the World". Confucius is revered as the founder of Confucianism (non-Confucianism). With the expansion of Confucius' influence, worship of Confucius once became a "big sacrifice" on the same level as God and the country's ancestral gods.
Mencius (about 372 BC - about 289 BC), whose name was Ke and whose courtesy name was Ziyu, was from the Huaxia ethnic group in Zou (now Zoucheng City, Shandong Province).
He is the second disciple of Kong Ji, the grandson of Confucius. According to legend, he is a descendant of Qingfu, an aristocratic son surnamed Ji of the state of Lu. His father's name is Ji, and his mother's surname is Zhǎng.
Mencius was a great thinker, politician and representative of the Confucian school during the Warring States Period. Together with Confucius, he is also called "Confucius and Mencius".
Politically, Mencius advocated the rule of law and benevolent government; in theory, he admired Confucius and opposed Yang Zhu and Mo Zhai. He advocated benevolent government and put forward the people-centered thought of "the people are more important than the emperor". He traveled to Qi, Song, Teng, Wei, Lu and other countries, imitating Confucius and implementing his own political ideas, which lasted for more than 20 years. However, Mencius' theory of benevolent government was considered "far-fetched and broad-minded" and was not implemented. In the end, he retreated to lecturing, and together with his students, he "prefaced the Poetry and the Book, described the meaning of Zhongni (that is, Confucius), and wrote seven chapters of Mencius."
Mencius "nurturing my awe-inspiring spirit well." A person with great righteousness is called the spirit of a gentleman. In this world, it may be called qigong, which is wrong. A person with great righteousness is enriched by virtue, but empty without virtue. In ancient times, the invisible was regarded as Qi, so it was called Qi.
Later generations posthumously named Mencius "Ya Sheng Gong", respected him as "Ya Sheng", and received Confucian sacrifices. His disciples and subsequent disciples recorded Mencius' words and deeds in the book "Mencius", which is a collection of quotation prose and a collection of Mencius' remarks. It was compiled by Mencius and his disciple Wan Zhang.
Qin Shihuang (259 BC - 210 BC), with the surname Ying, Zhao family, and famous government. The son of King Zhuangxiang of Qin. Born in Handan, the capital of Zhao State, he inherited the throne at the age of thirteen and became emperor at the age of thirty-nine. He reigned for thirty-seven years. A famous politician, strategist, and reformer in Chinese history, he was the first iron-fisted politician to complete the unification of China. The first multi-ethnic centralized state was established. The title of "emperor" was composed of the "emperor" of the three emperors and the "emperor" of the five emperors. He was the first feudal dynasty monarch in ancient and modern times to call himself emperor.
Qin Shihuang established the emperor system in the central government and implemented the three ministers and nine ministers to manage national affairs. At the local level, the enfeoffment system was abolished and replaced by the county and county system. At the same time, the books were written in the same text, the carriages were on the same track, and weights and measures were unified. They attacked the Xiongnu in the north, conquered Baiyue in the south, built the Great Wall, built spiritual canals, and connected water systems. It also pushed China into the era of great unification and created a new situation for the establishment of a centralized authoritarian system. He had a profound impact on Chinese and world history and established the basic pattern of China's political system for more than two thousand years. He was hailed as "one emperor through the ages" by the Ming Dynasty thinker Li Zhi.
Zhuge Liang (181-October 8, 234), courtesy name Kongming, nicknamed Wolong (also known as Fulong), Han nationality, was a native of Yangdu, Langya, Xuzhou (now Yinan County, Linyi City, Shandong), and a member of the Three Kingdoms During the period, he was the prime minister of the Shu Han Dynasty and an outstanding politician, strategist, essayist, calligrapher, and inventor. He was named Wuxiang Hou when he was alive, and Zhongwu Hou after his death. The Eastern Jin Dynasty regime named him Wuxing King because of his military talents. His representative works of prose include "Chu Shi Biao", "Book of Commandments", etc. He invented the wooden cow and flowing horse, the Kongming lantern, etc., and modified the repeating crossbow, called the Zhuge repeating crossbow, which can fire ten arrows with one crossbow. He died in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji) in the twelfth year of Jianxing (234).
Liu Chan gave him the posthumous title of Zhongwuhou, so later generations often addressed Zhuge Liang as Wuhou and Zhuge Wuhou. Zhuge Liang "dedicated his life to death" and was a representative figure of loyal ministers and wise men in traditional Chinese culture.