In the early 1960s, when attending a meeting, he took out a notebook (not a laptop) that he carried with him and drew a sketch of a device that used two wheels with vertical bottoms to track actions, which was the prototype of the mouse. 1964, DouglasEngelbart perfected the idea of this device again and made the first finished product. Therefore, DouglasEngelbart is also known as the "father of mice".
At that time, there was no name "mouse". This new device is a small wooden box with two rollers but only one button. Its working principle is that the roller drives the shaft to rotate, the rheostat changes the resistance, and the change of the resistance produces a displacement signal, and the cursor indicating the position on the screen can move after being processed by the computer.
DouglasEngelbart and his colleagues nicknamed the device "Mouse" in the lab because it dragged a long line like a mouse (like a mouse's tail). At that time, he also thought that the mouse might be widely used in the future, so when he applied for a patent, he named it "X-Y position indicator of display system", but people thought the name "mouse" was more friendly, so he got "mouse".
The popularity of the mouse:
After the mouse was invented, it was first applied to the improved Alto computer system by Xerox on 1973. Unfortunately, at that time, these systems were all used for experiments and research work, and they were not popularized to the public, so the mouse has been unknown.
1979, SteveJobs, the founder of Apple, was invited to watch Alto and the software executed on the system. Steve Jobs was shocked by the computer technology he saw, and he realized that these technologies represented the future development trend of computers. These technologies include using a mouse as a pointing input device and a GUI (Graphical User Interface) for the operating system. Apple immediately added these functions to its own system, prepared to develop a new type of home computer, and hired more than a dozen technicians from Xerox at a high salary. 198 1 year, Xerox introduced the Star80 10 computer, which uses a mouse and a GUI operating system. This is the first time that the public knows about the mouse. Unfortunately, due to the high price of this computer, the sales volume is very small. Nevertheless, the mouse has attracted many people's attention and started to be mastered by people.
1983, Apple officially launched the LISA computer, which is the first computer that Apple uses the mouse, and further introduced the mouse to the majority of users, so that users can realize the role of the mouse.
1984, LISA's upgraded product, Macintosh, came out, which was a milestone for Apple and the history of computer development. While bringing rich income to Apple, it also made the mouse enter thousands of households in the past. Later, due to the extensive use of OS/2 and Windows systems, the application of mouse and GUI was further promoted, which made the mouse gradually popular and eventually became the standard configuration of computers. From then on, every computer has a loyal companion, that is "mouse"-mouse. Classification of mice:
According to the structure, the mouse can be divided into mechanical mouse and photoelectric mouse, and according to the connection mode with the computer, there are serial mouse, PS/2 mouse and USB mouse.
(1) mechanical mouse and optical mouse
At the beginning of its appearance, mechanical mouse judged its moving direction by sliding potentiometer, so its sensitivity was low and its wear was great. However, with the development of technology, mechanical mouse has absorbed some designs of photoelectric mouse, from pure mechanical structure to optical mechanical mouse. The optical mechanical mouse adopts an encoder different from the pure mechanical mouse, and uses a structure in which a ball is placed on two rotating shafts. After years of development, the optical mechanical mouse has become the most mature mouse with simple structure and low cost, and it is still the mainstream in the market.
The optical mouse was invented by DickLyon and SteveKirsch in 198 1 year. This mouse without rolling ball adopts optical positioning, and the initial photoelectric mouse can only use special pad, which causes a lot of inconvenience. With the development of technology, the optical mouse finally abandoned the pad, emitting a beam of red light to the desktop when working, and then judging the movement of the mouse by the movement and reflection of different colors or bumps on the desktop. Optical mouse has relatively high precision and light weight, so it does not need to clean the mouse regularly, so it is often used in design fields that need accurate positioning. At present, with the reduction of cost, it is gradually popularized.
(2) Serial mouse, PS/2 mouse and USB mouse
The early mouse is not the standard configuration of the computer, so it is very different from the current mouse. In addition to the external power supply, a special adapter card must be installed, which is very inconvenient to use. Later, a kind of adapter box appeared, through which the mouse can be connected to the parallel port. Parallel interface becomes the first interface between mouse and computer.
With the extensive use of mouse and the development of technology, COM interface (serial port) has become the second interface used by mouse. Like other devices, the mouse uses a 9-pin connector (DB-9). Because there are few COM ports in the computer, it is easy to cause the problem of resource occupation because other devices have to be connected.
At present, the widely used mice are PS/2 mice. This interface was introduced by IBM on PS/2 system in 1987, which is why it is called PS/2 mouse. Although PS/2 system has not been recognized by the market, some excellent designs have been retained, such as its PS/2 mouse interface, which has now become the standard configuration on ATX motherboard.
The appearance of USB interface provides a simpler and more convenient connection scheme for peripherals. Because it conforms to PNP specification, it can be hot-swapped, and it is very convenient to use. Naturally, the mouse will not miss this opportunity to equip itself. The mouse with USB interface was also launched in time, but the price was slightly more expensive.