Lunming, a native of Dongguan, can become one of the scenes just by reading the book "Chronicles and Poems of Collection of Books Since 1911". Bibliophiles sleep on mats to read history and indulge in blue boxes. I have always been fond of their infatuation. Our country publishes more than 100,000 kinds of books and billions of volumes of various types every year, and has long been among the world's major publishing countries. In contrast, the per capita book collection is far from the world's advanced level.
If we trace the history of book collection, I am afraid it started from the day there were books. Although there have been periods of book burning, war, hunger and poverty, and even the turmoil of the Cultural Revolution in history, the vitality of book collections cannot be eradicated.
Lunming, who was born in 1875, was at the peak of Cantonese Southern Studies, and his era was also a good time to study the geography and schools of modern Chinese scholarship.
In "Beijiang Poetry Talk", Hong Liangji divides bibliophiles into five categories: one: "repudiating the original and seeking the original, which is correct and missing"; two: "identifying the fragments and noting the errors and forgeries" The third is the collector who "searches for different copies, repairs the lost ones in the stone room and the golden chamber, and prepares them for Dr. Tongren to browse"; the fourth is the collector who "seeks refined copies, only loves Song Dynasty carvings, and the author's intention is not fully understood. The connoisseur who knows the best about the date of the engraving of the book; fifth: The connoisseur who "cheaps the treasures hidden in his old home and asks for a good price from the rich bibliophile", the predator who "discerns the genuine from the fake and knows the past and present in his heart". According to this classification, Lun Ming should be regarded as a first-class bibliophile.
During his career as a book collector, Lunming worked hard to collect books that were not included in the "Sikuquanshu". Therefore, his study was named "Xu Shu Lou". "Xu" means continuation, and he was determined to complete the continuation. Compilation work of "Sikuquanshu". In fact, just by virtue of his continued revision of the "Summary of the General Catalog of Sikuquanshu", he is worthy of the comment that "with poetry and books in mind, grace is great; with mountains and valleys in mind, ambition is high and broad".
The rise of Guangdong’s book collecting culture in modern times is due to the west wind and the development of commerce. There is also another important reason. In the late Qing Dynasty, a group of bibliophiles from Jiangsu and Zhejiang became officials in Guangdong, such as the Chief Envoy Yao? P Yuan, Bing Bei Dao Lu Xinyuan, Ti Xue Envoy Shen Zeng Tong and others were all fond of collecting books. Following the example, a group of bibliophiles appeared one after another, such as Wu Chongyao's Yue Ya Tang, Zeng Zhao's Mian Cheng Tower, Kong Guangtao's Yuexue Tower, and Pan Shicheng's Haishan Fairy Pavilion. Later, Mo Boji's 500,000 Volumes Building, Lunming's Xushu Building, Pan Zongzhou's Baolitang, and Xu Xinfu's Nanzhou Book Building appeared, all of which can be mentioned above in the history of Chinese book collections.
The Cantonese people are particularly mercantile, and in the way of learning, grace is the most important thing. Unless you do nothing beyond utilitarianism, you will not be able to achieve success. If we measure our requirements from the business perspective of seeking quick success and making a living, it will naturally be difficult to continue a long-planned investment such as collecting books.
The combination of Tibet and books has been difficult for Wan people to reproduce since Lunming.
Editor's note: Time has passed without a trace, and there is no reason to be nostalgic.
In the process of writing about Lun Ming, I was deeply moved by the purity and stubbornness of this generation of scholars again and again. While I lamented that his ambition was not fulfilled, I also felt a lot of disappointment. I stubbornly searched for his remaining breath in Dongguan in this time and space, but I was disappointed again and again. His former home has long since ceased to exist, and descendants have no way of contacting him.
We can only focus on Beijing. From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, Lunming lived in Beijing for more than thirty years. Where he lived, there were many books under his roof. Nowadays, although Lunming's several hometowns in Beijing are mostly in ruins, when visiting carefully, it seems that the bookish atmosphere of light ink and light color can still be smelled. Since modern times, there have been numerous bibliophiles in Guangdong, including Wu Chongyao’s Yue Ya Tang, Tan Ying’s Le Zhi Tang, Pan Shicheng’s Haishan Fairy Pavilion, Ding Richang’s Chi Jing Zhai, Kong Guangtao’s Yuexue Tower, Mo Boji’s Five Hundred Thousand Volumes Tower, Zeng The lake towers where Sutras are practiced... are all quite large and famous. However, in terms of having a rich collection of books and being proficient in editions and bibliographies, Mr. Lunming, the owner of the extension book, must be the first to recommend him. He is a bibliophile, editions bibliographer, and university professor, and occupies a leading position in the modern Guangdong book collection circle. important position.
Many bibliophiles in China have family roots, and Lunming is no exception. Lunming's father, Lunchang, was a former magistrate of Chongren County in Jiangxi Province and loved to collect books. He was a bibliophile who followed people wherever they went. During his tenure, Lunchang built Yuxiu Academy and donated many books to the academy.
In the first year of Guangxu (1875), Lunming was born in Wangniudun, Dongguan. He was born in the ninth year of his reign. He was early and intelligent, especially loved by his father. When he was young, he lived with his father in every house and served around him, so he was well versed in classics and history. It was not until 1889, when Lun Chang died in his post in Jiangxi, that Lun Ming returned to his hometown in Dongguan.
Since then, taking exams, studying, serving as an official, teaching, and collecting books have always been the focus of Lunming's life. In his later years, he was tired of wars and traveled around. Lunming still made every effort to collect books and made personal contributions to the preservation of classics and the inheritance of culture. Reading books was like a pilgrimage. The pains and twists and turns and financial difficulties are difficult to describe, but The appeal of cultural classics to life aspirations is evident.
In 1902, Lunming entered the Capital University and studied hard for five years. His "symptoms" of book addiction worsened. In 1907, he was appointed as alternate county magistrate of Guangxi. During his tenure in Guangdong and Guangxi, he successively served as principal of Guangdong Model Higher Primary School, teacher of Guangdong and Guangxi Higher Normal School, and Guangdong Inspectorate. After 1915, Lunming moved his family to Beijing. He later served as a professor at Peking University, Beijing Normal University and other institutions, and went to Japan to authenticate ancient Chinese books. Lunming changed from an old-style scholar who had hopes for the imperial examination system to a cultural and educational deacon under the new government. His inner twists and turns were considerable. The change of old and new feelings is probably an important reason why he devoted his life to collecting books. Lunming's official deeds are unknown, and his autobiography also talks about the benefits and losses of his book collection. After the founding of the Republic of China, Lunming served as director of the Guangzhou Provincial Library and professor of Lingnan University. The collection of books reaches millions of volumes. You can tell where a person spends his time.
Lunming’s collection of books has two major characteristics: First, the books in the collection are never stamped with a collection seal. Although there are millions of volumes of books in his home, when he talks to others about a certain book he has in his collection, he can tell with all his treasures that a certain book is in a certain bookcase, that the book is missing a certain volume and a certain page, and even that a certain word is missing from a certain page. It can be seen that his self-statement, "Thousands of yuan and a hundred songs are mine, and when my eyes are tired and the lamp is dim, I put down my pen" is not a lie.
People who love books are pure and stubborn. Lunming's collection of books has great ambition and vision. There are often three or five workers accompanying him on the trip, "calling in front and supporting behind". What is the reason for this "momentum"? To prepare for copying needs. "Books are not like cloth, millet, fish and meat. They are given to you as soon as you get them in the market. As a last resort, you have to copy books to repurchase them." If you think about this with the mentality of today's computer bugs, you may find it incredible. "Lunming, Dongguan, takes books as his life, and specializes in collecting several collections of Qing Dynasty people. I have found the original Kang people's collection in twelve wooden boxes." (Deng Zhicheng) Lunming is proficient in edition and bibliography, and his collection is mostly Rare books. Everywhere he went, even if he was short of money, he would spend all his money to repair lost rare books. Because of his ragged clothes, he was jokingly called "poorun" by acquaintances of booksellers.
Since about 1917, Lunming began to travel around, appealing to the authorities, hoping to contribute funds to proofread "Sikuquanshu" and compile "Summary of Sikuquanshu" in order to promote the academic development of our country. It has become his lifelong wish to cultivate and continue the "Siku". Such calls have been met with surprise. First, Chen Yuan, who sympathized with Lun Ming's request, resigned from the post of deputy minister of education. Then Hu Zijun, who wanted to contribute 3,000 yuan to help rebuild "Si Ku", failed in business. Then Zhang Shizhao, who planned to photocopy "Si Ku", resigned as director of education. One position. Due to bad luck and fate, the bibliophile's great wish to continue compiling the "Sikuquanshu" came to nothing.
In his later years, due to the war, Lunming first stayed in Guangzhou and then moved to Dongguan. He was in chaos during the war and was in shock day and night. Around 1938, he suddenly suffered from a cerebral hemorrhage and became paralyzed. His desire to revise "Siku" became even more intense. Nowhere in sight. On the sick bed, he only wrote poems to express his feelings and left behind hundreds of poems. In 1944, Lunming finally moved to Dongguan with regrets, at the age of seventy. After his death, through Chen Yuan's efforts, part of Lunming's collection was able to find its home in the Beijing Library as he wished. One person's small efforts have benefited many future generations. The people are far away, but the clear charm of the calligraphy and ink still remains. When Lunming first arrived in Beijing, he lived in the Lotus Temple outside Xuanwu Gate in Nancheng. The southern part of Beijing is the most civilian and localized. During the Qing Dynasty, for the sake of the safety of the imperial city, people from outside Beijing were not allowed to live in Beijing, and the city gates had to be closed every night. Therefore, most people have to live outside the city, even candidates from various provinces who come to Beijing to take exams. This has formed the scene of Beijing Nancheng Commercial Street, Cultural Street, guild halls of various places in Beijing, former residences of celebrities and other places gathered together. The Lotus Temple where Lunming lived was one of the main residences for people coming to Beijing from other places at that time.
Lianhua Temple was originally an old temple in the Ming Dynasty and was rebuilt during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. However, later on, as the number of devout believers gradually decreased, it was converted into a residence for officials from various places who came to Beijing to report on their duties, and it was affiliated with Shanguo Temple. of the House of Commons. During the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, Lotus Temple was once an important gathering place for celebrities and scholars at that time. The famous poet Hong Liangji in the Qing Dynasty, Chen Yan, a poet who supported the Reform Movement of 1898 in the late Qing Dynasty, Xu Qi, a calligrapher and painter in the late Qing Dynasty, and Wang Yisun, the author of "Yuan Ya Tang Ji" At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Yao Hua, a leading painter in the painting circle who was as famous as Chen Shizeng and Qi Baishi, all lived in the Lotus Temple. Wang Yaoqing, Mei Lanfang, etc., celebrities in the opera world, were also frequent visitors to the Lotus Temple to study painting and art.
In the early years of the Republic of China, there were still monks guarding the Lotus Temple. The abbot monk at that time was Master Rui Chan. According to Zhang Cixi, a "Beijing layman" from Dongguan, the north courtyard of Lotus Temple was originally a temple and the south courtyard was a nunnery. After liberation, the Lotus Temple no longer had any incense, so it was converted into a dormitory for state units and announced as a cultural relic protection unit in Xuanwu District, Beijing.
The house number of the former Lotus Temple site was changed to No. 37 Yongqing Hutong in 1965. It is across the street from the main store of Beijing's time-honored tea garden "Zhang Yiyuan"; not far from it is the bustling Caishikou business district. The quiet scene of "dense woods and excellent doorways" has long been lost in the Lotus Temple, but the main hall in the front and back yards is still intact, and a simple and elegant style still exists among the blue bricks and gray tiles.
However, it is regrettable that the Lotus Temple will still be unable to escape the disaster of urban modernization trend. Not long ago, the words "demolition and reconstruction" were marked on both sides of the iron gate of No. 37 Yongqing Hutong. Soon, the Lotus Temple will only remain in the records of historical books.
This also reminds me of the poem written by Yao Hua when he lived in the Lotus Temple: "The lotus has been hidden in one body for ten years, and the rest of the years have been desolate; since I am poor and lowly like the mountain monks, I have nothing to do with the rise and fall of people. ." In 1915, Lunming's family moved to Beijing and did not return to his hometown until the "July 7th Incident" in 1937. The Dongguan New Hall located in Shangxie Street, Beijing, and the Dongguan Guild Hall in Lanman Hutong have both witnessed Lunming’s book collecting and scholarly career of more than 20 years.
The earliest Dongguan Guild Hall in Guangdong was located in Lanman Hutong outside Xuanwumen, connected end to end with Yongqing Hutong where Lotus Temple is located. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Chen Botao of the Chen family in Guangdong purchased the official residence on Shangxie Street and converted it into the Dongguan Guild Hall, known as Dongguan New Hall. It is located in the south of the middle section of Shangxie Street, Xuanwai, Beijing. It is now house number 56, and is the same as the Panyu Guild Hall in the same province. as neighbors. Dongguan Xinguan was formerly a noble residence. According to rumors from residents here, it was the former residence of General Nian Gengyao during the Kangxi and Yong reigns of the Qing Dynasty. After that, the house was bought by Sichuan merchants, and soon it was rented by the Japanese. It was once changed to "Japanese Literature Hall".
It is said that after Chen Botao purchased this property, he added a screen wall in the front yard and an ancient hall in the backyard. Among them, the Juxian Hall in the hall is the most important building. In addition to Lun Ming, Dongguan-born celebrity Rong Geng also lived here. Since the Republic of China, Dongguan Xinguan has been gradually turned into private residences, and has now been announced as a cultural relic protection unit in Xuanwu District. Dongguan New Hall is a relatively complete courtyard layout. Most of the buildings still retain the old style. The courtyard is quite deep, and even the passages and blank spaces between the front and back yards are preserved, especially in details such as wood carvings and eaves. The carving is exquisite and the details are highlighted. However, since the ancestors of nearly 30 households have lived in it for a long time, and as the houses have aged, repaired and expanded, the layout and planning of the courtyard have been greatly changed.
Some residents also mentioned that the layout of the courtyard has actually changed greatly from the previous one. The courtyard gate is only the back door of Nian Gengyao’s former residence, and most of the preserved buildings are only Nian Gengyao’s former residence. The main building in the courtyard is where the servants' rooms and stables are located, and the book pavilion of the former residence was renovated.
However, it is also a pity that, similar to the fate of the Lotus Temple, the old site of the Dongguan New Museum here has also been planned to be included in the scope of Beijing municipal demolition. In the future, the legend of Dongguan’s new museum and Nian Gengyao’s former residence will only remain in people’s memories. In 1919, Lunming invested and together with Sun Dianqi opened Tongxuezhai Bookstore in South Xinhua Street, Beijing. Lunming collected millions of volumes of books in his lifetime and had more than 400 book storage boxes. His bookstore "Tongxue Zhai" was even famous in the capital. With the help of the management style of precision, frugality, diligence and perseverance, Liulichang Tongxuezhai became one of the representatives of national ancient bookstores with the most complete collection of books at that time.
In 1947, Tongxuezhai donated its entire collection of books to the Beijing Library.
It is reported that during the heyday of the bookstore from 1925 to 1935, Tongxuezhai could sell an average of 10,000 to 20,000 old books every year, with a total price of 30,000 to 40,000 yuan; the clerk also From the original seven or eight people, it increased to thirteen or four people. During this period, part of the Qiangxue Bookstore run by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao was also included in Tongxuezhai.
In addition, according to Mr. Lei Mengshui who once worked in Tongxuezhai, the Tongxuezhai ancient bookstore located on South Xinhua Street was not large in scale, with only two small storefronts, but it became a place where literati and scholars came and went. Main place. Among them, "Mr. Zhu (Ziqing) has also become a frequent visitor to Tongxue Zhai. In addition to Tongxue Zhai, he also goes to Kaiming Bookstore to buy books. Other bookstores with beautiful facades and large scales such as Suiyazhai and Laixun Pavilion, Mr. But I just went in by chance and was not interested." (Lei Mengshui's "Mr. Zhu Ziqing Buys a Secretary")
Liulichang is one of Beijing's famous traditional cultural commercial streets and has been in business since the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. Books (especially rare and rare ancient books), calligraphy and painting, antiques, inscriptions, jewelry and jade, and the four treasures of the study.
The original address of Tongxuezhai Bookstore was No. 74, Xinhua Street, South, Liulichang. It no longer exists. It is difficult to determine whether the former address of Tongxuezhai is accurate.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, this area used to be an open ditch. In the 13th year of the Republic of China (1924), Feng Yuxiang launched the capital revolution and moved to Beijing. He began to renovate city walls, streets, fill ditches and build roads to form Xinhua Street. South Xinhua Street is named after it is located south of Xinhua Gate.
After the reform and opening up, South Xinhua Street was once the most famous street for music shops in Beijing and even the country. Due to demolition and reconstruction, many music shops here have moved to Xinjiekou, but there are still about 30 music shops that continue to operate. Today, the area around No. 74 South Xinhua Street is still occupied by several large and small Western music shops, four to five hundred meters away from the main street of Liulichang. According to local residents, the property there has been renovated many times and has changed beyond recognition. Based on the original relevant records, it is estimated that No. 74 South Xinhua Street is not far from the original location of the bookstore, but the traces of Tongxuezhai are no longer there. □Contributing writer Zhang Hao [Frugality? Diligence? Perseverance? Po Lun]
There are three secrets to Lunming’s collection of books: “Thrift, diligence, and perseverance.” "Frugality" is used to save money to buy books; "diligence" is used to go to meetings where books are encountered; "constant" is used to visit the books you want to get. He lived in Beijing and Guangzhou and was a poor teacher. In order to buy books, he lived frugally and accumulated funds. When he came across a good book, he would not hesitate to spend a lot of money to buy it, and he would even sell it and sell it. He once ridiculed himself that "for thirty years he had earned the wrath of his wife and had to work hard to save books and clothes." His friend Sun Dianqi jokingly called him "Po Lun".
He often personally walks among the cold stalls of factories and carefully reads books that are not valued by others. He often finds rare rare books that have never been seen before in dusty old books. If you encounter a good copy that you want to buy but can't find, you will have to copy the book to make up for it. Some of them are copied from the library, and some are copied from private collections. And those who are unable to do so and copy it from the workshop. He hired three or four scribes all year round, ready to copy at any time. One year, a Tianjin bookseller invested heavily in purchasing Weng Fanggang's unengraved manuscript. However, because the price of the book was extremely high, he could not buy it. He introduced him to Gu, took it back to his residence, and spent three days and nights copying the summary of the manuscript. He was so addicted to books that he was known as a "bookworm".
According to Sun Dianqi's recollection in "The Biography of Mr. Lun Zheru", after decades of accumulation, Lunming had a collection of millions of volumes, with more than 400 bookcases, arranged in more than ten bookshelves. The room is packed with people and is a magnificent sight.
[Bookworm?Sun Dianqi?Tongxue Zhai]
In order to raise funds to facilitate book visits and repair the dilapidated collection of books, Lunming opened "Tongxue Zhai" in Beijing in 1919. He also "poached" Sun Dianqi, who was working as a clerk in Huiwenzhai Bookstore at that time, to "take charge of the store affairs", and taught Sun to learn book editions and other academic knowledge during this guest-host process. recorded. Through "Tongxuezhai", Lunming established close ties with booksellers and brought rare books from the capital to his students as much as possible.
Lun and Sun had known each other for 30 years, and their friendship was not shallow. After Lun's death, Sun felt very sad for "one less comrade to be a good friend." "I quickly described the outline of it, and I ordered my nephew Lei Mengshui to take notes on it" and compiled it into "The Biography of Mr. Lun Zheru", leaving us with a lot of precious information about this bookworm. Later, Lei Mengshui compiled and published "Chronical Poems of the Collection of Books Since 1911" (and included it in the appendix of Lunming's "Secretary of the Collection of Books"), and further repaid his deceased friend on his behalf.
[Continuing the revision of "Sikuquanshu"? Difficult to repay ambition]
Since 1924, Lunming determined to continue the revision of "Sikuquanshu", and received funding from Huo Jun, a wealthy businessman from the same town. With an annual subsidy of 3,000 yuan for the renewal fee, for five consecutive years, it should be possible to complete everything. Unexpectedly, at the beginning, Hu Hujun's business failed and he aborted.
In 1928, at the invitation of the Northeastern authorities, Lunming went to Shenyang to serve as the co-editor of the Fengtian Tongzhi Museum, and assisted in the preparation of the "Sikuquanshu" of the Indian Tibetan Suge. He once compiled a "General Catalog of Continuing Revision" that included 10,000 kinds of books. However, in January of the following year, Yang Yuting, who was in charge of the photocopying project, was assassinated, and the plan was shelved.
As for the continuation of the synopsis of "Sikuquanshu", Lunming first worked on it alone, completing the Jingbu Shangshu category, and part of the draft was published in the "Journal of Yanjing Academic Journal". From about 1931, the Oriental Cultural Affairs Committee actively carried out the work of renewing the summary of "Sikuquanshu", and Lunming was employed as a researcher of the association. Among the sixty categories, he participated in the writing of eleven categories and was responsible for the editing and editing. There are five categories including the Shangshu category of the Classics Division, the biography category of the History Division, and the Guangdong section of the Collection Division. He also used the books in Xushulou for the purpose of the meeting.
[Writings? Chronicle poems collected since 1911]
Lunming was diligent in writing and wrote prolifically. In addition to a number of special articles written for his participation in the photocopying and continuation of the Sikuquanshu work, and the "Summary of the General Catalog of the Continuation of the Sikuquanshu", Lunming also wrote: "Study Notes at Xushulou", "Continued "Secretaries of the Library's Collection", "A Study of the Writings of Yuyangshan People", "Ding Mao's Five-Character Poems", "Origin of Versions", "An Examination of Jianwen Xunguo", "Chronological Poems of the Collection of Books Since 1911", "Bibliography of the Xushulou", " Confucius wrote "The Sutra of Filial Piety" and hundreds of seven-character quatrains about recalling old things in his hometown when he was dormant in his hometown, all of which have attracted much attention from the academic community. Among them, "Poems on the Collection of Books Since 1911" has a greater influence and is a library science work with precious documentary value. □Our reporter Liang Qian
Gou Shen’s collection of anecdotes Lun Ming once recorded the story of his childhood book collection in "The Secretary of the Xushulou Collection". Lun Ming has been diligent and studious since he was a child, and because of Lun Chang's love, he received more rewards than other brothers. When the county commissioners paid their monthly salary to the provincial capital, Lun would privately ask the county commissioners to buy books. No matter they were expensive or cheap, they would be treasures when they were bought. His father had no idea about this. One day, Lun Chang summoned the Lun Ming brothers and asked them about the remaining reward money. All the brothers offered to show the remaining money, but Lun Ming was empty-handed. Lun Chang thought that Lun Ming was young and careless, so he yelled at him, and Lun Ming confessed to buying books secretly. , and moved the purchased books out to my father for inspection, and the whole bed was piled up after going back and forth. Lun Chang went through the books purchased by Lun Ming and was surprised by Lun Ming's extensive knowledge, and then his anger turned into joy. "This is the beginning of collecting books in my life." The young Lunming had the ambition to collect books.
The bibliophile addiction was introduced by Zeng Jun
After Lunming entered the Capital University in 1902, he met Zeng Xijing, a Cantonese bibliophile. Zeng owns the "Lake Tower", a library with a rich collection, and is well versed in edition and bibliography. Lun Ming often discussed with him, and he had a vivid memory. He once studied classics and loved books. Every time a guest came to sit with him, he would talk about books, his expression would fly, and the discussion would start. Before he finished talking about one book, he would talk about another book, dancing and dancing, without stopping for a moment. The guest was getting tired, but he kept talking. Over time, the guests became bored and were unwilling to talk books with Zeng, but Lunming enjoyed it. Every time Lunming came to visit, Zeng would always stay with him for dinner, treat him to drink bitter Kung Fu tea, and talk by candlelight until the night was full of tears before saying goodbye. Lunming always asked how many books he had borrowed to read, copy, or proofread. In his spare time, he often traveled to Liulichang with Zeng. Under Zeng's guidance, his knowledge of editions and catalogs improved greatly, and he became more interested in collecting books. He claimed: "I am addicted to this, and it is up to you to introduce it.
” □ Our reporter Liang Qian
She has always dreamed of renewing the "Sikuquanshu". In 1924, she asked the wealthy businessman Hu Hujun to invest 3,000 gold per year and complete it in five years. As a result, Huhu Jun failed in business. In 1925, taking advantage of the return of the Gengzi indemnity, the authorities proposed to renew the "Sikuquanshu". He appealed for responses from everywhere and wrote "A Preliminary Proposal for the Continuation of the Sikuquanshu", "Summary Draft of the Continuing Revision of the Sikuquanshu", and "Planned Printing of the Fourth Edition". "Guan Jian of Kuquan Shu", etc. He also wrote "Xu Shu Lou Zang Shu Ji", "Examination of Yuyang Shanren's Writings", "Evolution of Editions", "Jianwen Xunguo's Questions", etc. "Chronological Poems on the Collection of Books Since the Revolution of 1911" was published in the Tianjin Zhengfeng bimonthly in the early 1930s. It was a special supplement to the collection of books since the Republic of China after Ye Changchi. There are 142 poems.