Mid-Autumn Festival
The fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month
(The fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar, this day is in the middle of autumn, so it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival". At night, the full moon is fragrant, and the old people regard it as a symbol of reunion. It is a festival to enjoy the moon and eat moon cakes. According to legend, in the late Yuan Dynasty, people in order to To overthrow the brutal Yuan Dynasty, they wrote the date of the uprising on a piece of paper and put it in the mooncake fillings so that they could secretly pass it on to each other and called on everyone to revolt on August 15th. Finally, a nationwide peasant uprising broke out on this day. The uprising overthrew the decadent rule of the Yuan Dynasty. Since then, the custom of eating mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival has spread more widely)
"The Moon on the 15th of August"
The full moon flies. Bright mirror, return to the heart and fold the sword.
Turn around and travel far away, climb the osmanthus and look up to the sky.
There is suspicion of frost and snow on the waterway, and feathers can be seen on the forest habitat.
Looking at the white rabbit at this time, I want to count the hair.
"Playing with the Moon in Taoyuan on the 15th night of August" by Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty
My heart feels free when I see the moon in the dust, especially in the Qingqiu Fairy Mansion.
The condensed light and long cold dew fall, standing on the highest mountain at this time.
There are no clouds in the blue sky, no wind can move, there are pines growing on the mountains and water flowing down from the mountains.
Taking a leisurely look at the group of animals, the sky is thousands of miles apart.
Young Master led me to the jade altar, where I bowed to the true immortal official from afar.
The clouds are about to move under the stars, and Tianle makes a sound that makes his muscles and bones feel cold.
The golden clouds and clouds gradually move eastward, and the shadows of the wheel are still seen frequently.
Beautiful scenery and good times are hard to come by again, so he should feel melancholy on this day.
"Looking at the Moon in the Pavilion on the Night of August 15th" by Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty
On the night of August 15th of that year, I was at the apricot garden beside the Qujiang Pool.
On the night of August 15th this year, in front of the Shatou Water Museum in Penpu.
Looking to the northwest, where is my hometown? To the southeast, I can see how full the moon is.
Yesterday the wind blew and no one was there, but tonight the light is as clear as in previous years.
Tang Pi Rixiu's "Guizi on the Night of August 15th in Tianzhu Temple"
A jade stone falls under the moon wheel, and a new one is found in front of the temple.
So far, there is no such thing as heaven, it should be thrown to people by Chang'e.
"Seeing the Moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival and Ziyou" by Su Shi of the Song Dynasty
Before the bright moon rises high over the mountains, the auspicious light is shining thousands of feet high.
Before the cup is full, silver surges out, and chaotic clouds break away like crashing waves.
Whoever washes his eyes for God should use thousands of dendrobium water from Minghe River.
Then I ordered to look coldly at the people in the world, and I couldn't bear to see it.
Mars in the southwest is like a projectile, and its horns and tails are as bright as a dragon and a dragon.
Tonight I can’t see anything, but the fireflies are fighting to clear the cold.
Who is the boat in Bian yesterday? Thousands of lights made fish and dragons change at night.
Chase the waves carelessly through twists and turns, go to the festival with a low head and follow the song board.
The green light disappears in front of the mountain, and the waves and winds will not be strong again.
The bright moon is easy to be low and people are easy to disperse. When you come back to drink, you will pay more attention to it.
The moonlight in front of the hall becomes clearer and clearer, and the dew grass sings from the cold throat.
No one is around when the roller blinds are pushed open. Only Old Chu is mute under the window.
Don’t be ashamed of poverty in Nandu, and there are several people who write poems about the moon.
The personnel affairs of the Ming Dynasty follow the sunrise, and suddenly I have a dream of a guest from Yaotai.
"Climbing a Tower to Look at the Moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival" by Mi Fu of the Song Dynasty
The Huaihai Sea is as full as silver, and thousands of rainbow lights nurture the treasures of clams.
If there is no Moon House in the sky, the cinnamon branches will damage the westward wheel
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Double Ninth Festival
Lunar Calendar The ninth day of the ninth lunar month
The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Double Ninth Festival.
The Double Ninth Festival is also called "Double Nine Festival" and "Old Man's Day" because the ancient "Book of Changes" defines "six" as a yin number and "nine" as a yang number. September 9 The sun, the sun and the moon are combined with the yang, and the two nines overlap, so it is called the Double Ninth Festival, also called the Double Ninth Festival. The ancients thought it was an auspicious day worth celebrating, and they started celebrating this festival very early. Activities to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival are colorful and romantic, and generally include activities such as traveling to enjoy the scenery, climbing high to overlook, viewing chrysanthemums, planting dogwood trees, eating Double Ninth cakes, drinking chrysanthemum wine, etc. The Double Ninth Festival has the same pronunciation as "Jiujiu", and nine is the largest number among numbers, which has the meaning of longevity. Moreover, autumn is also the golden season of harvest. The Double Ninth Festival has far-reaching meanings. People have always had a special attachment to this festival. Regarding emotions, there are many excellent poems in Tang and Song Dynasty poems celebrating the Double Ninth Festival and chanting chrysanthemums.
According to legend, during the Eastern Han Dynasty, Fei Changfang told Huan Ying, a native of Runan, that there would be a great disaster in Runan on September 9th. He quickly asked his family to sew a small bag with dogwood inside and tie it to his arm. Climb high mountains and drink chrysanthemum wine to seek refuge. Huan Jing's family went hiking that day and returned home at night. Sure enough, all the chickens, dogs, and sheep in the family died. Since then, folk customs have included making dogwood bags, drinking chrysanthemum wine, holding temple fairs, and climbing mountains during the Double Ninth Festival. Because "gao" and "cake" have the same pronunciation, there is a custom of eating "Double Ninth Cake" during the Double Ninth Festival. Wang Wei, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Reminiscing about Shandong Brothers on September 9th": "I am a stranger in a foreign land, and I miss my relatives even more during the holidays. I know from afar that my brothers have climbed to a high place, and there is one less person planting dogwood trees everywhere." It records the events at that time. Customs and habits. Because of the sincere feelings of the poem, it is still popular today.
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Winter Solstice
November 22nd of the lunar calendar
(In ancient my country, the winter solstice was valued very much. The Winter Solstice is regarded as a major festival. There was a saying that "the Winter Solstice is as big as the New Year", and there is a custom of celebrating the Winter Solstice. The "Book of Han" says: "The Yang Qi of the Winter Solstice is rising, and the ruler is in high spirits, so he congratulates you." People think. : After the winter solstice, the days are getting longer day by day, and the Yang Qi is rising, which is the beginning of a solar cycle and an auspicious day that should be celebrated. The "Book of Jin" records that "the Winter Solstice in the Wei and Jin Dynasties is praised by all nations and officials..." "Yiya Yu Zhengdan" shows the importance attached to the Winter Solstice in ancient times.
Nowadays, some places still celebrate the Winter Solstice as a festival. In the north, there is the custom of slaughtering sheep and eating dumplings and wontons during the winter solstice. On this day, there is a custom of eating winter solstice rice dumplings and winter solstice noodles. Various regions also have the custom of worshiping heaven and ancestors on this day.)
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Laba Festival
The eighth day of the twelfth lunar month
In ancient times, the "gods" sacrificed in December were called Laba, so the twelfth month of the lunar calendar was called the twelfth lunar month. On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, it is customary to drink Laba porridge. It is said that Sakyamuni attained enlightenment and became a Buddha on this day. In order to praise Sakyamuni's merits, a grand Buddhist meeting will be held in the temple to commemorate it. Incense will be burned to worship the Buddha, and bells and drums will chime to prepare porridge for the Buddha. During the Laba Festival, the coldest day in the north, people cook Laba porridge with whole grains and dried fruits and eat it on the morning of the festival. There are at least eight kinds of raw materials for making Laba porridge. The ingredients used vary from place to place, generally including rice, millet, glutinous rice, barley, wheat, barley, red beans, mung beans, kidney beans, lotus seeds, ginkgo, peanuts, longan, almonds, melon seeds, raisins, red dates, chestnuts, preserved fruits, etc. . In addition, there are folk methods for making salty Laba porridge, meaty Laba porridge and other raw materials. In addition to drinking Laba porridge, people in the north also worship their ancestors on this day and look forward to a good harvest and good weather in the coming year. During the Laba Festival, in order to welcome the arrival of the New Year, people begin to prepare food for the coming New Year on this day, making Laba vinegar, soaking Laba garlic, bacon, duck, fish and other foods. Later, it became a custom among the people until today.
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Little New Year's Eve
The Stove Sacrifice Festival, the Stove Sacrifice Day, is commonly known as "Celebrating the Little New Year", also known as the Little New Year, Little New Year, New Year's Eve etc.
The twenty-third day of the twelfth lunar month. People call it "Little Year", which means that the year is coming to an end.
In the past, the Small New Year was celebrated on the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month by "officials, three people, four Taoists, monks and five". Day, for Taoist monks is the twenty-fifth day.
Nowadays, most people in northern areas celebrate the Small New Year on the 23rd.
The main folk activity during the Little New Year is "Citing the Stove". It is "Sacrifice to the Stove King". The Kitchen King is also called "Kitchen King", and among the people, he is called "Kitchen King".
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Traditional Festival Table
The following festivals are not specified and are calculated according to the lunar calendar (also known as the summer calendar and the lunar calendar):
1. The Spring Festival on the first day of the first lunar month has more than 30 names in ancient times, including Yuan Day, Yuan Dan, Yuan Zheng, Yuan Chen, Yuan Shuo, San Yuan, San Chao, San Zheng, Zheng Dan, Zheng Shuo, etc.
2. The birthday of the Fifth Road God in the first lunar month
3. The Lantern Festival (Lantern Festival) on the 15th day of the first lunar month
4. The Spring Dragon Festival on the second day of the second lunar month is also called the Qinglong Festival when the dragon heads up
5. Flower Festival on February 15th
6. Cold Food Festival the day before Qingming Festival
7. The legendary Queen Mother blooms on the Shangsi Festival on March 3rd Peach Fair
8. Qingming Festival falls on the 15th day after the Spring Equinox (currently April 5th in the Gregorian calendar)
9. The Buddha’s Birthday falls on the 8th day of April, also known as the Ox Festival After this day, the cow will go to the ground.
10. Dragon Boat Festival on the fifth day of May
11. Summer Solstice Festival
12. Sunflower Festival on June 6 "June 6, bask in the red and green." "Aunt's Day" "June 6, invite aunt" was another festival in ancient times, called Tiankuang Festival (meaning to give gifts). June 6 is also a festival in Buddhist temples. , called the translation verse.
13. July 7th, commonly known as Chinese Valentine's Day, July 7th, Qiqiao Festival
14. July 15th, Ghost Festival, also known as Ghost Festival, Bon Bon Festival Festival.
15. Ksitigarbha Festival on July 30th
16. Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th
17. Double Ninth Festival on September 9th
18. The tenth dynasty on the first day of October, also known as the Ancestor Worship Festival
19. Xiayuan Festival on the 15th day of October
20. The 22nd day of November Winter Solstice
21. Laba Festival on December 8
22. Stove Sacrifice Festival on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the Stove Sacrifice Day, commonly known as "off-year", also known as off-year , Small New Year's Eve, Small New Year's Day
23. The last day of the twelfth lunar month is New Year's Day, New Year's Day, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, etc., and it is called New Year's Eve among the people. 10. New Year’s Eve
There are also birthdays of several saints:
Birthday of Emperor Guan: June 24
Birthday of the most holy teacher Confucius : August 27th
The Birthday of the Most Holy Master Cangjie: March 28th
The Birthday of Lu Bangong: June 13th (the seventh day of May)
Fuxi’s birthday: May 13th (the legendary birthday of the dragon)
Yandi Shennong’s birthday: April 26th
Huangdi’s birthday: February 2nd
p>Zhuge Kongming’s birthday: July 23rd
Mencius’s birthday: April 2nd
Yue Fei’s birthday: February 15th
Laozi Birthday: February 15th
Sakyamuni Buddha’s birthday: April 8th
Qu Yuan’s birthday: January 21st
Sixth Patriarch Hui Neng’s birthday: early February Eight
Attachment 1:
Worship the stove on the 23rd/24th of the twelfth lunar month
Take a bath on the 27th/28th of the twelfth lunar month
Little New Year's Eve on the 29th day of the twelfth lunar month
Worship the God of Wealth on the second day of the first lunar month
Burn paper for the door god on the third day of the first lunar month/Millet's birthday/Little New Year's Eve
The fifth day of the first lunar month is commonly known as Powu Folk customs say that many taboos before the fifth day can be broken on this day
The seventh day of the first lunar month / spreading pancakes / eating Qibao soup is also known as "People's Victory Festival", "People's Festival" and "Population Day" , "Seven Days for People"
The eighth day of the first lunar month/the day when all the stars go down to the lower realm is also called "sacrifice to the stars" and "receive the stars"
The tenth day of the first lunar month is the stone birthday "stone" "Moveless" and "Ten Motionless" Rat Marries a Girl
Attachment 2: Other festivals:
"Half-year Festival" includes June 15th, June 14th, and Saturday Those on the sixth and fifth days of the lunar month are also said to be on the first day of the sixth lunar month!
Guanyin’s birthday: February 19, June 19, September 19, November 19, Guanyin The belief in Bodhisattva has gone beyond the scope of Buddhism. He is a culture and a wish!
Every year, the 23rd day of the third lunar month is Mazu’s birthday!
Seven The first day of the month, commonly known as Kaiximen
Filling the warehouse festival: a traditional Chinese Han folk sacrificial festival, which falls on the 25th day of the first lunar month. Also called Tiancang Festival and Tiancang Festival, it is a festival for worshiping the God of Cang.
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Chinese New Year's Day
2. Lantern Festival (the fifteenth day of the first lunar month) Lantern Festival
3. Tomb-Sweeping Festival (April 5) Tomb-Sweeping Day
4. Dragon Boat Festival (the fifth day of the fifth lunar month) Dragon Boat Festival
5. Mid-Autumn Festival (the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar) Mid-Autumn (Moon) Festival
6. Double Ninth Festival (the ninth day of the lunar calendar) 9th of the lunar month) Double-ninth Day
7. New Year's Eve (the 30th day of the twelfth lunar month)
Chinese and English common traditional activities in China
celebrate the spring festival
spring festival couplets
paper-cuts
new year paintings
buy new year goods do shopping for the spring festival; do spring festival shopping
propose a toast
lantern
fireworks
firecrackers (people scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.)
red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.)
lion dance dance (the lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.)
dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)
traditional opera
p>Variety show
Riddles written on lanterns
Exhibit of lanterns
Staying-up
New Year greetings pay new year's call; give new year's greetings; pay new year's visit
taboo
get rid of the ill-fortune
offer sacrifices to one's ancestors
gift money; money given to children as a lunar new year
gift culture note; in the old days, new year's money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old. today, money is placed inside red envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and wealth
bid farewell to the old year
general house-cleaning; general house-cleaning
rice cake nian-gao; rise cake; new year cake
family reunion dinner
the dinner on new year's eve
dumpling jiao-zi /dumpling; chinese meat ravioli
Rice dumpling
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Attachment: Chinese New Year's Day Highlights
my country's New Year's Day Origin
According to legend, China's New Year's Day originated from Zhuan Xu, one of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors, and has a history of more than 5,000 years. The word "New Year's Day" first appeared in the "Book of Jin": "Emperor Zhuan took the first month of Mengxia as the Yuan Dynasty, which is actually the spring of New Year's Day in Zhengshuo". During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the poem "Jie Ya" written by Xiao Ziyun, a literary historian of the Southern Dynasties, also recorded that "the four seasons have a new New Year's Day, and the Wanshou Early Spring Dynasty". The "First Month" entry in volume 1 of Wu Zimu's "Mengliang Lu" of the Song Dynasty: "The first day of the first lunar month is called New Year's Day, and it is commonly known as the New Year. This is the first of the first of the first year-old festivals."; in Cui Yuan's "Sanzi Chai Ming" of the Han Dynasty, it is called "Yuanzheng"; it was called "Yuanchen" in Yu Chan's "Yangdu Fu" of the Jin Dynasty; it was called "Yuanchun" in a piece of "Yuanhui Daxiangge Huang Xia Ci" in the Northern Qi Dynasty; it was called "Yuanchun" in Tang Dezong and Li Shi's "Yuanri" It is called "Yuan Shuo" in the poem "Retreating from the DPRK to Watch the Army and Return to Camp"
During the excavation of Dawenkou cultural relics in our country, we found a picture of the sun rising from the top of the mountain with clouds and smoke in the middle. After research, this is the oldest way of writing the character "Dan" in my country. Later, the simplified pictogram of "Dan" appeared on the bronze inscriptions of the Yin and Shang Dynasties. The word "Dan" is represented by the round sun. The word "一" under "日" means horizon, which means the sun is rising slowly from the horizon.
Chinese New Year's Day has always referred to the first day of the first lunar month of the Xia calendar (lunar calendar, lunar calendar). Yuan means "beginning" and "beginning", and Dan refers to "days". New Year's Day collectively refers to the "initial days", which is the first day of the year. There are different names in various Chinese dialects, some are called "New Year's Day", some are called "Datian New Year's Day", some are called "New Year's Day", and generally they are called "New Year's Day".
The date on which the first day of the first lunar month was calculated was also very inconsistent before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Therefore, the month and day of New Year's Day in the past dynasties are not consistent. The lunar calendar of the Xia Dynasty took Meng Xi month (Yuan month) as the first month, the Yin calendar of the Shang dynasty took the twelfth month (December) as the first month, and the Zhou calendar of the Zhou dynasty took the winter month (November) as the first month. After Qin Shihuang unified China, he took Yangchun month (October) as the first month, that is, the first day of October as New Year's Day. Starting from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Meng Xiyue (January) was designated as the first month, and the first day of Meng Xiyue (the first day of the first lunar month in the lunar calendar) was called New Year's Day, which was still used until the end of the Qing Dynasty.
But this is the lunar calendar, that is, the lunar calendar or the lunar calendar, and it is not what we call New Year's Day today.
In 1911 AD, the Revolution of 1911 led by Sun Yat-sen overthrew the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China. Representatives of the provincial governors met in Nanjing and decided to use the Gregorian calendar, calling the first day of the first lunar month "Spring Festival" and January 1st of the Gregorian calendar "New Year's Day". However, it was not officially announced and named at that time. In order to "make Xia Zhengzheng, so it follows the agricultural time, and it is based on the Western calendar, so it is convenient for statistics", the first year of the Republic of China decided to use the Gregorian calendar (actually used in 1912), and stipulated that January 1 of the Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar) is the "New Year", but it does not It's called "New Year's Day".
What we call "New Year's Day" today is September 27, 1949, the eve of the founding of New China. The first Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, while deciding to establish the People's Republic of China, , also decided to adopt the world-wide AD calendar, which is what we call the Gregorian calendar.
In modern times, New Year's Day refers to the first day of the year. In order to distinguish the two new years of the lunar calendar and the solar calendar, and because the "beginning of spring" in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar happens to be before and after the lunar new year, the first day of the first lunar month is renamed the "Spring Festival", and January 1 of the solar calendar is designated as the new year. "New Year's Day" began, and was included as a legal holiday and became a happy festival for people across the country.
New Year's Day Poems
[Song Dynasty] Wang Anshi's "New Year's Day" "New Year's Day" "With the sound of firecrackers, one year is gone" , the spring breeze brings warmth to Tusu, and thousands of households always exchange new peaches for old charms. "
The word "New Year's Day" comes from ancient times. It does not refer to the Gregorian New Year, but the first day of the first lunar month. , that is, the Spring Festival. The opening chapter of "The First Month" in "Meng Liang Lu" by Wu Zimu of the Song Dynasty says: "The first day of the first lunar month is called New Year's Day, and it is commonly known as New Year's Day." The word "New Year's Day" first appeared in "Book of Jin": " Emperor Zhuan took the third month of Meng Chun as the Yuan Dynasty,
It was the spring of the New Year's Day at the beginning of the first lunar month. New Year's Day was called Yuanri in ancient times
, Yuanzheng, Yuanchang, Yuanshuo, Yuanchen, Yuanchun, Duanri, Shangri, etc. From ancient times to the present, poets of all dynasties have composed lyrical poems for New Year's Day, leaving many famous works
.
In ancient times, the court held New Year's Eve ceremonies, which were grand and grand. Cao Zhi's poem "Yuan Hui" during the Three Kingdoms period: "In the beginning, Yuan Zuo was a good person in ancient times, but it was a grand gathering.
Let's have a banquet in this high hall." It describes the New Year's Day celebrations in the Cao Wei Dynasty.
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The poet who is over 60 years old is not afraid of aging and enters the new year with his head held high.
Cheng Wenwen, another poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem on New Year's Day: "Dai Xing first holds the wine cup to congratulate Yao, and the mirror is shocked by the frost on his temples. Fortunately, he secretly laughed in front of the lamp, but Tu Su couldn't.
Try it first. "Dai Xing" means holding the stars, which is a metaphor for returning late or leaving early.
"觞" means a wine cup, which can be used to drink wine. "Tu Su" is a multi-flavored medicinal wine drunk exclusively on Yuan Day. The ancients believed that drinking this wine can prevent diseases and eliminate disasters. Drinking this wine
There is a rule that young and old cannot drink at the same time, but come in order from the youngest. Because according to the understanding of the ancients, every new year, although everyone has to live longer, in fact
The younger ones gain one year, while the older ones lose one year, so everyone advises the younger ones to live longer first. Drink to express congratulations, and let the elderly drink later to avoid taboos.
Meng Haoran, a native of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Going Back to the New Year", which goes: "Last night I fought back to the north, and now I am rising from the east. I am already strong, and I have no income but still worry about the farmers. The mulberry fields are still there
The farming father followed the shepherd boy with his hoe. The Tian family controlled the climate, and the emperor said that the year would be prosperous. "In the prosperous period of the Tang Dynasty, the Tian family controlled the climate, and they were happy for half a year, but the poet had no salary." >
The feeling of "worrying about farmers" is the noble character of scholars.
In ancient times, there was a custom of posting Spring Festival couplets on New Year's Day.
The Southern Song Dynasty poet Lu You's poem "New Year's Day": "The night rain dissolves the remaining snow, the morning sun opens and accumulates clouds, the peach symbols are written with pen, and the flowers are slanting after the wine." Song Boren's "New Year's Day" poem: "In the middle There are no greeting guests, just get up early as usual, the peach boards change with each other, and the plum blossoms are fragrant every year. "The "peach symbols" in the poem,
"Peach board" refers to the Spring Festival couplets.
Of course, among the ancient poems praising the "Yuan Ri", the most famous one is the "Yuan Ri" poem by the reformer Wang Anshi of the Northern Song Dynasty: "One year is lost in the sound of firecrackers,
The spring breeze brings warmth to Tusu. The sun shines on thousands of households, always replacing old charms with new ones." It will be passed down to future generations forever.
"New Year's Day Trial" by Chen Xianzhang of the Ming Dynasty is like a "picture of happy New Year". The poet wrote in the poem: "The neighbors are beating the wall to entertain the guests with wine, and the children are singing happy New Year's poems together.
Old age brings new years, and spring brings more beautiful flowers. Where is the evening breeze? Jianglou Flute , when it blows to the east moon. "The fresh and rich breath of life arises spontaneously.
"Xin Lei" by Zhang Weiping, a patriotic poet of the Qing Dynasty, does not use words such as "New Year's Day" and "Yuan's Day", but uses New Year's Day as the title to write about people celebrating the New Year and welcoming the Spring
Joy: "Creation is speechless but has feelings. Spring is born every time when the cold comes. It is arranged in thousands of colors, just waiting for the first sound of new thunder." Mao Zedong, a great man of the generation, wrote in January 1930
He wrote a poem "Ru Meng Ling? New Year's Day": "Ninghua, Qingliu, Guihua, the road is slippery with deep forests and slippery moss. Where to go today, it points directly to the foot of Wuyi Mountain. Up and down the mountain,
The wind blows the red flag like a painting. "Appreciating this poem is like walking into a magnificent landscape painting. The whole poem is hearty, fresh and natural, and full of optimism and high-spirited revolutionary optimism.
In 1942, Dong Biwu wrote a seven-rhyme poem in Chongqing called "The New Year's Day Oral Occupation Liu Yazi's Huairen Rhyme": "*** celebrates the New Year with laughter, and the red rock ladies give plum blossoms.
Let’s toast each other with cups of Tusu wine and share the victory tea. Only loyalty can serve the country, and there is no paradise for home. Let’s sing and dance with the capital to welcome the festival and wish Yan’an a prosperous scenery.
Appreciate this popular song. This is an excellent work, and I feel that the poet's sincerity for the revolutionary cause is permeated between the lines. At that time, the war of resistance was difficult, and only by serving the country with loyalty could we hope to settle down in the promised land of Japan. The "Victory Tea" mentioned in the poem was the paper bag tea sold in shops in Chongqing at that time, which was intended to wish the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. Using new things as
anecdotes into poetry shows Dong's innovative awareness of old-style poetry.
New Year's Day Whispers
In ancient my country, New Year's Day was not the first day of January in the Gregorian calendar as commonly used today. From the Yin Dynasty, which set the first day of the twelfth lunar month as the beginning of the year, to the Han dynasty, which set the first day of the first lunar month as the beginning of the year, there have been many repeated changes. By the time of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen took office as the provisional president in Nanjing in early January 1912.
At that time, it was "Shun Nongshi" and "Jiangshi". The first day of the first lunar month was designated as the Spring Festival, and January 1st of the Gregorian calendar was changed to The beginning of the year is called "New Year", but it is still not called "New Year's Day".
It was not until after liberation that the Central People's Government promulgated the unified use of the "National Festival and Memorial Day Holiday Measures", stipulating January 1st of the Gregorian calendar as New Year's Day, and decided that the entire country
There is a day off for this festival. At the same time, in order to distinguish the two new years of the lunar calendar and the Gregorian calendar, and because the "beginning of spring" among the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar happens just before and after the lunar new year, the first day of the first lunar month is called the "Spring Festival".
The "Yuan" in "New Year's Day" refers to the beginning, meaning the first. The beginning of any number is called "Yuan"; "Dan" is a pictographic character, and the "日" above represents Tai
p>Yang, the "one" below represents the horizon. "Dan" means the sun rising from the horizon, symbolizing the beginning of the day. People combine the two words "Yuan" and "Dan" to mean the first day of the new year. New Year's Day is also called "Three Yuan", which is the Yuan of the year, the Yuan of the month, and the Yuan of the time.
The term "New Year's Day" was first recorded in the "Book of Jin" written by Three Emperors and Five Emperors, Fang Xuanling of Tang Dynasty and others: "Emperor Zhuan took the first month of Mengchun as the Yuan Dynasty, which was the spring of New Year's Day." That is to say, the first month was called Yuan,
The first day of the lunar month is the denier. The poem "Jie Ya" written by Lan Ziyun, a Liang native in the Southern Dynasties, also said: "The four qi are new to the New Year's Day, and the Wanshou is the beginning of this dynasty."
There is also a legend that during the ancient times of Yao and Shun more than 4,000 years ago, Emperor Yao When he was in power, he worked diligently and did many good things for the people, and he was very popular among the people. However, because his son was not very talented, he did not pass the throne of "Emperor" to his son. Instead, he passed the throne to Shun, who had both moral character and ability.
Yao said to Shun: "You must pass on the throne to me from now on, so that you can rest in peace after my death." Later, Shun passed the throne to Yu, who had done great work in controlling floods. Yu
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Like Shun, he loved the people and did many good things for the people, and was very loved by others. Later, people regarded the day when Emperor Shun worshiped heaven and earth and the late emperor Yao after Yao's death as the beginning of the year, and the first day of the first lunar month was called "New Year's Day", or "Yuanzheng" , this is the ancient New Year's Day. All dynasties in the past dynasties held celebrations, ceremonies, and other activities on New Year's Day, such as offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors, writing couplets on doors, writing blessing characters, and dancing dragon lanterns. Folks also gradually formed rituals to worship gods, Buddhas, and ancestors. ,
Posting Spring Festival couplets, setting off firecrackers, staying up late, having reunion dinner and numerous "social fire" and other entertainment and celebration activities. Xin Lan, a poet of the Jin Dynasty, once wrote a poem "Yuanzheng": "Yuanzhengqi
On the day of the Jiaqing Festival, Jiaqing began. Xian played ten thousand years of drinking wine, and Xiao Datong was happy." It describes the New Year's Day celebrations.
Although January 1st was designated as the New Year after the Republic of China, only government agencies, schools, and large foreign-operated companies had a day off. However, the common people did not
recognize it and still Inheriting the ancient custom of celebrating the New Year on the first day of the lunar calendar, there were no festive activities in the streets or among the people of old Beijing. After liberation, January 1st was renamed "New Year's Day" for the first time. After that, the government still followed the lunar calendar that had been used for thousands of years and followed the agricultural season, and had a holiday during the "Spring Festival" during the winter slack period around the beginning of spring.
For three days, people held "temple fairs" and other celebrations to pass on the people's wishes and thousands of years of folk customs.