What kinds of dogs are there in China?

Chinese crested) [Introduction] Toy dogs are slender and elegant. The same fetus will have two completely different appearances. Hairless type only has decorative hair on the top of the head, feet and tail, while puff type has hair all over the body. This breed is suitable as a family pet and a very competent playmate. Size: The ideal size is 1 1~ 13 inch. Of course, if it is a little bigger or smaller, it can be considered, but we should look at it as a whole. Proportion: rectangular proportion, the body can move freely. Body length (from shoulder to tail root) is slightly larger than shoulder height. The bones are slender, delicate but not fragile, and the following situations cannot occur: strong or heavy. [Head] Appears alert and enthusiastic. Eyes: almond-shaped eyes are very open. Dark dogs have dark eyes, and light dogs have light eyes. The color of the eyes matches that of the dog. Ears are big and erect, and ears are not cut. The position of the ear is that the root of the ear is aligned with the outer corner of the eye. Head: From the ear to the back of the head, the head is slightly arched. The distance from the back of the head to the stop is equal to the distance from the stop to the tip of the nose. Seen from the top or side, the head is wedge-shaped. The pause was slight but clear. Muzzle: The cheeks gradually taper, making the muzzle obviously conical. Nose mirror: the nose mirror of a dark dog is dark; Light-colored dogs have light noses, but the color requirements are the same. Lips: Lips are clean and tidy. Occlusion: scissors occlusion, puff type is considered as a defect if there is missing teeth, and hairless type has missing teeth. [Neck, Dorsal Line, Body] The neck is inclined and clean, supporting the head upward from the shoulder and slightly arched. The topline leans slightly towards the hips. Body: the chest depth is flush with the elbow. The sternum is not obvious. The ribs are well developed. From the shoulder to the waist, the depth of the chest gradually decreases. Thin waist. Tail: The tail is slender and the tip is tapered. The length of the tail enables it to touch the hock joint. When the dog walks, its tail swings happily or rolls on its back. The acromioclavicle is at a 45-degree angle backward. The shoulders are neat and narrow. Keep your elbow close to your body. Legs are long, thin and straight. The wrist is vertical, delicate and powerful. Wolf claws may have been pulled out. The feet are rabbit-shaped, narrow and slender. The toenails were trimmed to a medium length. [Hindquarters] Angle: The rear knee joint is at an appropriate angle. Vertical from hock joint to ground. Wolf claws may have been pulled out. Feet are the same as forelimbs. Hairless species only have hair on several parts of the body: the head (called crown hair), the tail (called tail feather), the front wrist and the back wrist (called socks). All hair is as soft as silk, no matter how long it hangs down. The position of hair is not as important as the whole, and the area with hair is usually tapered. There is no hair anywhere, and the skin is soft and smooth. Crown hair starts from the stop and becomes sparse after the skull, and gradually decreases from the skull to the back neck. Hairless varieties allow hair on the face and ears, but both varieties may trim this hair for neatness. The tail feather is at the lower end of the tail. The fluffy shape is covered by a double soft silk coat. If you look closely, you can find that there is a long layer of hair outside the short undercoat. The density and length of the coat are moderate and straight. Excessive overweight, twisted coat or curly hair are serious defects. Finishing is to make the outside look clean and tidy. [Color] Any color or combination of colors. [Gait] Lively, agile and smooth without being unnatural or mediocre. Come or go quickly and keep moving in a straight line. [Temperament] Happy, but alert. Beijing poodle [Introduction] Beijing poodle is a well-proportioned and compact dog, with heavy front and light back. Originated in China, he has a personality and a strong desire to express himself. Its image is like a lion. He represents courage, boldness and self-esteem, not beauty, elegance or exquisiteness. Size: If you lift the Beijing terrier, you will find that it is surprisingly heavy. He is short, strong and muscular. His weight is closely related to the bone mass in his forequarters. It cannot be ignored that the weight does not exceed 14 kg. Defect: Weight exceeds 14 lbs. Proportion: Body length (straight line distance from sternum to buttocks) is slightly larger than shoulder height. Overall balance and its importance. [Head] Skull: The bone on the top of the head is thick, wide and flat (not arched). The head is high, the cheekbones are wide, the upper part is wide and the lower part is wide, which constitutes its correct facial structure. From the front, the width of the head is greater than the depth, resulting in a rectangular head and face. Seen from the side, the face of Beijing terrier must be flat. The chin, nose mirror and forehead are on the same plane. When the head is in a normal position, this plane should be vertical, but actually it is slightly inclined from chin to forehead. Nose: black, wide and very short when viewed from the side. Form a very flat face. Open your nose. The nose is located between the eyes, and the upper end of the nose is just in the middle of the line connecting the eyes. Eyes: very big, very dark, round, shiny and very open. The eyes are black, and when the dog looks straight ahead, he can't see the whites of his eyes. Wrinkles: Very effective for distinguishing the upper and lower parts of the face. The appearance is from skin wrinkles to hairy cheeks, and the middle extends to the other cheek through an inverted V-shape. Wrinkles are neither too prominent to fill the whole face, nor too big to cover the nose and eyes and affect the line of sight. Stop: deep. The wrinkles on the bridge of the nose and nose seem to be completely covered by hair. Muzzle: Very short and wide, with high and wide cheekbones. The skin is black. Beards add to the image of orientals. The lower jaw protrudes slightly forward. Your lips are flat, and you can't see your teeth and tongue when your mouth is closed. An overdeveloped chin is as unpopular as an underdeveloped chin. Ears: heart-shaped ears, located on both sides of the head. The correct ear position and very thick hair create the illusion that the head is wider. Dogs of any color have black noses, lips and eyes. [Neck, Dorsal Line, Body] The neck is very short and thick, and it is combined with the shoulders. The body is pear-shaped and compact. The forequarters are heavy, and the ribs are well expanded, hanging in the middle of the front legs. The chest is wide, and the sternum has little or no protrusion. The waist is thin and light, very special. The topline is flat. The tail root position is high; Turn over in the middle of the back. Long, thick straight hair hangs to one side. The front legs are short and thick, with strong bones. The bone between the elbow and ankle is slightly bent. Good shoulder angle, flat on the torso. Elbows are always close to the body. The front paws are large and flat, slightly turned outwards. Be sure to stand still. The bones of the hindquarters are lighter than those of the forequarters. The angle between the back knee and the hock joint is soft. From the back, the hind legs are properly close and parallel, and the toes are forward. Both the front and back are required to be healthy. [Coat] Body coat: The coat is long, straight and upright, and the undercoat covering the body is rich and soft. There are obvious manes around the neck and shoulders, which are slightly shorter than those in other parts of the body. A long and rich coat is ideal, but it cannot affect the outline and appearance of the body, nor can it ignore the correct coat structure. Decorative hair: There are long decorative hairs on the front legs and hind thighs, ears, tail and toes. Keep the hair on your toes, but it won't affect your movements. [Color] All colors are allowed, and all colors are treated equally. [Gait] The gait is calm and noble, with a slight twist behind the shoulders. Because the forelimb is bent, the forelimb is wide and heavy, and the hind limb is light, straight and parallel, so it will twist with a thin waist as the fulcrum. The twisting gait is smooth and relaxed, and it may be as free as jumping. [Temperament] It combines the majesty, self-esteem, self-confidence, stubbornness and irritability of the emperor, but it is lovely, friendly and full of feelings for those who gain their respect. The above characteristics are perfect examples of Beijing dogs. Defects are judged according to their degree. [Defect] Dudley's nose, gray or liver-colored nose, light brown, yellow or blue eyes, exposed teeth or tongue, prominent occlusion of the upper jaw, crooked mouth, too high, too low or backward ears, bent spine and straight front legs. East Sichuan Hound Breeding Group Hound Chinese Name East Sichuan Hound Common Name Neighbor Dog and Chongqing Dog English Name Origin China Breeding Method viviparous. Historically, this breed of dog originated in Guang 'an Linshui, Hechuan, Dazu (Bamboo), Vu Thang, Yuechi County and its surrounding areas in Chongqing, commonly known as "Linshui Dog", which is mainly used for hunting. In the early 1990s, dog breeders, Li Changli, Jiang and others made a lot of textual research and confirmed the origin of this dog breed, but due to regional differences, its size and coat color were slightly different. At that time, this breed of dog did not have a standard name, and even the locals did not know what kind of dog it was. In order to develop the dog breed resources in China, Mr. Zhou Guang named the East Sichuan hound scientifically and concisely according to its origin and main functions. 1994 recommended east Sichuan hound in the second issue of China Dog Breeding magazine. After Chongqing was directly under the central government, the word "East Sichuan" became more generalized. This breed of dog has four functions: hunting, fighting, guarding and guarding, which is unique to Chongqing. In order to let more people know about this ancient and precious dog breed, Chongqing Pet Association decided to change its name to "Chongqing Hound" in April 2000. Habitual this kind of dog is extroverted, brave and aggressive, consistent with its hunting background, and extremely loyal to its owner. In the 1960s, the population kept decreasing, and it was not until the 1970s that it was protected and successfully propagated. Height: about 25-30cm Weight: about 8- 12kg Neck length: about 8- 10cm Trunk length: about 30-35cm Tail length: about 15cm. It is a small dog breed, small in size, muscular, explosive and sensitive in smell. The hind legs are slightly higher than the front legs, the hind legs are arched, the trunk leans forward slightly, and the gait is agile and light. As the name suggests, cave dogs are suitable for hunting. The front of the head, the head and face are inverted trapezoid (that is, "the head is like a state"), the facial features are tight and the face is wrinkled. Frontal wrinkles are "Sichuan" or complicated "Sichuan". The ears are thin and upright, and the sides are triangular. Eyelid is thick with eyebrow nevus, eyes are prominent, eyes are gloomy, and face is suffocating. There are tiny grains of sand on the nose, which are black and shiny. Xiaba's mouth is shaped like a bamboo tube (commonly known as "bamboo tube mouth"), and its lips are black. The teeth are white and sharp, and they bite normally. There are spots on the tongue or spots with black lines (that is, "flowers in the mouth"). The chest of the limbs is as wide as "holding the moon", and some hounds see a small amount of white chest hair (commonly known as "corsage"). The front legs are skinny. On the front, the shoulder blades and legs are inverted vases. Hindquarters: The hind legs are slightly longer than the front legs. Leg bone and tibia are at an appropriate angle, and the tarsal joint to heel is perpendicular to the ground and parallel to the left and right. The hind legs are bent as a whole, especially like a bow (that is, "the feet are like a bow"). The sole of the foot is firm and firm, with a semicircle in front of the toe, strong landing, flying toes attached, and black nails on the front and rear toes. The hind toe is tight, the length of the palm is slightly longer than that of the front palm, and there is no flying toe. Seen from the back of the tail strip, its hips are wide and its anus is large and prominent. The shape of anus is called "ginger scar asshole" (meaning big and protruding) and "bull's-eye asshole" (meaning neat and tight). The tail is round and narrows rapidly, and its tail-shaped Wan Ru bamboo shoots (commonly known as "bamboo shoots tail") swing strongly from side to side. Fur coat is a single piece of hair, short and tough, which pricks hands. Common coat colors are rust red and dark brown. Tibetan mastiff) [Introduction] A small, lively and alert dog. The appearance gives the impression that it is very symmetrical, with a body length slightly larger than the shoulder height. Defect: it looks rough and inferior. Size: shoulder height is about 10 inch. Body length (the distance from shoulder joint to tail root) is slightly larger than shoulder height. The best weight is 9~ 15 kg. [Head] The head is small, proportional to the body, and proudly held high. I remember the quality is very good. Men give people the impression that they are magnificent, but they are not rough and inferior. Eyes: dark brown, oval, bright and expressive, medium size, wide distance, but eyes look straight ahead, with an anthropoid expression. Eyes are black. Disadvantages: big and plump eyes, faint eyes, despicable expression. Ears: medium size, drooping, adult dogs have a lot of feathery hair on their ears, which is quite high. The ears look slightly higher than the head, but they don't fly. The ears are big and heavy, and the position is not ideal. Head: slightly arched, with moderate length and width. Disadvantages: Too round arch or too flat and wide head. Pause: slight, but clear. Muzzle: Moderate length, blunt and soft, without wrinkles. The chin appears slightly wider and deeper. Defect: stop too strongly; Long and flat face down; A broad and flat tone; A sharp, weak or wrinkled tone. Nose mirror: black is preferred. Defect: liver color or oil gray nasal endoscope. Mouth: The mandible protrudes slightly, and the upper incisors are neatly attached to the inner side of the lower incisors. Teeth: even and tidy, and the mandibular teeth (teeth between canine teeth) are slightly wider. A complete dentition is ideal. Clamp bite is also allowed, provided that the chin is wide and deep enough to keep the muzzle dull. As soon as the mouth is closed, the teeth can't be seen. Disadvantages: Maxillary protrusion occlusion, tongue protrusion. [Neck, topline, body] Neck: slightly short, strong and in proper position. Back: horizontal. The ribs are well supported and have sufficient depth. The tail is high and has a lot of feathery hair. When you exercise, your tail rolls happily behind your back. When standing, drooping tail is not a defect. [Forequarters] The scapula is in a proper position, and the bones of the forelimbs are slightly arched, but the scapula is stable. The bone mass is medium. Disadvantages: the leg bones are excessively bent, or the shallow body is relaxed. Wolf claw: It can be removed. Feet: rabbit feet, small and neat. Defect: cat feet. The hindquarters are well structured and strong. The knee joint is developed and the angle is moderate. The hock joint is low, look straight from the back. Disadvantages: straight knee joint, cattle limb. Wolf claws can be removed. Claws are the same as forelimbs. [Coat] Double coat with silky texture. The hair on the face and the front of the legs is smooth, and the hair length of the body is moderate, but it is flat when lying on the body. There are fine feathers on the back of ears and legs, and long hair on the tail and buttocks. The neck is rich in "mane" or "shawl", and the hair is longer, which is more obvious in men than in women. Feathers between the toes extend to the claws. Be careful not to exaggerate the coat. Females have less fur and mane than males. Display: In the competition, the basic image of Tibetan mastiff is that its fur has not been changed, and it naturally lies flat on its body, without combing, splitting and modeling. If the coat is trimmed, shaved or artificially changed, it will be severely punished and excluded from the competition. Hair that is too long to be rectangular during the day or too thick to cover the natural outline will be severely punished. You can't cut off your beard. For safety and neatness, the hair between the foot pad and the sole can be cut off. [Color] Any color and color combination will do. Paws: White stripes are allowed. [Gait] Fast, straight, extended and correct. [temperament] cheerful and confident, very smart, avoiding strangers. Defect: neuroticism. Tibetan mastiff Tibetan mastiff has been cultivated for centuries, and it has survived under the extremely harsh climate and complex terrain conditions in Tibet. This breed has been developed, which protects double-layer fur, compact size, unique foot structure and is very flexible. With the efforts of all owners, Tibetan mastiff has become a firm and loyal companion dog. [Introduction] Tibet terrier is of medium size, rich in coat, powerful in structure and square in proportion. Thick hair covers the eyes and face. The tail is rich in curly feathers and droops backwards. The feet are big, flat and round, which produces the effect of snow boots when walking. The Tibetan stalk is stable in structure and powerful and effective in action. Besides, Tibetan mastiffs should look as natural as possible. [Head] Head: medium length, neither wide nor thick. The distance from the eyes to the tip of the nose is roughly equal to the distance from the eyes to the occipital bone. From ear to eye, the head is slightly narrower. The ears are not very round, but they are not absolutely flat. The head is rich in hair and droops forward, covering the eyes and face. The cheekbones are curved, but they are not developed enough to stand out. Mouth: There is a small amount of beard on the lower jaw. Stop: there is a definite stop, but it is not exaggerated. Nose mirror: black. Teeth: white, strong and neat. On the mandible, the teeth between canine teeth are obviously curved. Close scissor bite, close reverse scissor bite and pincer bite are also acceptable, and slight mandibular protrusion bite is also acceptable. Eyes: large, quite wide, dark brown or black. Neither protruding nor concave. Eyes are black. Ears: drooping, drooping but not close to the head. There are a lot of feathery hairs, and the auricle is V-shaped, which is in proper proportion to the head. Defect: the tone is weak and sharp. The color of the nose mirror is any color except black. Maxillary protrusion occlusion, exaggerated mandibular protrusion occlusion or crooked mouth. A long and narrow head. Lack of plump hair hanging in front of eyes and face. [Neck, Dorsal Line, Body] Neck: The length is in proportion to the body and head. Body: compact, square and strong. Speed and endurance are good. Topline: When exercising, the back is horizontal. Chest: big hair, the chest of mature Tibetan terrier can extend to the elbow. Ribs: The ribs are well supported and will not appear rustic or rough. The chest should not be too wide and slightly narrow, allowing the forelimbs to move freely on both sides. Waist: slightly arched. Tail: medium length, with a lot of feathery hair, quite high, with the back rolled forward and possibly rolled to both sides. It may be tangled at the end. Shoulder blades: inclined, muscular and backward. Front legs: straight and strong when viewed from the front. Heavy hair The vertical distance from withers to elbows is equal to the distance from elbows to the ground. Paws: Tibetan mastiff paws are unique among all dogs. The feet are big, flat and round, which produces the effect of snow boots when walking. The foot pad is thick and strong, and there is a lot of hair between the toes and the foot pad. In order to ensure the health of the soles of the feet, the hair between the toes and the foot pads needs to be cut flat at the soles of the feet. Foot pads can support the body well. Wolf claw: It can be removed. [Hindquarters] Rear legs: There are many ornaments, the knee joint is moderately bent, and the rear legs are slightly longer than the front legs. Thigh: quite wide and muscular. Flying joint: low position, neither bending inward nor turning outward. Feet: Same as forelimbs. Wolf claw: It can be removed. Double coat. The undercoat is soft and fluffy. The outer fur is rich and delicate, but it is by no means silk or wool. It can be wavy or straight. The coat is very long, but it must not be dragged to the ground. When he stood on the hard ground and had enough light, he could see his lower abdomen. The puppy's fur is short and single-layered. Usually, it is softer than an adult dog. There is usually a natural dividing line between the neck and the back. Defect: Adult dogs lack double coat. Carving, trimming, peeling or planing the coat deviates from the basic requirements of this variety and belongs to serious defects. [Color] Any color and color combination, including white, is acceptable. No color or color combination is preferred. [Gait] The gait of Tibetan terrier is relaxed, the forequarters are fully extended, and the hindquarters are flexible. When walking, the hind limbs are neither inward nor outward, and they are in line with the footprints of the forelimbs. When trotting fast, they tend to have a single track. When the structure of feet and legs is correct, the movements are powerful and elastic, showing great agility and endurance. [Body type] The average weight is 20~24 kg, but the allowable weight range is 18~30 kg. The ratio of weight to shoulder height is more important than simple weight. He should be a symmetrical square dog. The average shoulder height of men is 15~ 16 inch, while that of women is slightly smaller. Body length (the distance from shoulder joint to tail root) is equal to shoulder height. Defect: higher than 17 inch or lower than 14 inch. [Temperament] Tibetan mastiff is very smart, sensitive, loyal, devoted and deeply loved. This variety may appear cautious and reserved. Defect: excessive shyness. China Sha Pigou [Introduction] An alert and compact dog, of medium build, with a square outline and tight joints; The symmetrical head is slightly slim, but it is not too big for the body. Short and rough coat, loose skin covering the head and body, small ears, "hippo-like" tone and high tail give Sharp a unique and special appearance. The head, neck and body of puppies are covered with loose skin and wrinkles, but in adulthood, these wrinkles may be limited to the head, neck and withers. [Body shape] Shoulder height is about 18~20 inches. It weighs about 45~60 Jin. Men are usually slightly bigger than women, and their bodies are closer to a square, but both sexes are very symmetrical. The distance from the withers of Sharp Horse to the ground is roughly equal to the distance from the front of sternum to the rear of buttocks. [Head] Head: large, slender, but not excessive, proudly held high, with a large number of wrinkles on the forehead, extending from both sides to the face. Eyes: dark, small, almond-shaped, sunken, showing a sad expression. A light-colored dog may also have light-colored eyes. Ears: very small, thick, equilateral triangle, slightly rounded tip; The edges of the ears are curly. The ear lies flat on the head, with high position and wide distance, facing the front of the head, and the tip of the ear points to the eyes. Ears move. An erect ear is a disqualification. Head: flat and wide, with moderately developed stop. Tone: One of the unique characteristics of this variety. Wide and plump, not tapering (the distance from the tip of the nose to the stop is roughly equal to the distance from the stop to the occipital bone). Nose mirror: large and wide, dark in color, black is the best, but generally the color commensurate with the coat is acceptable. For light-colored Sharpay dogs, natural color is the first choice for nasal endoscope. For Sharpay dogs with dark cheese color, the color of the nose mirror may be light in the center of the nose mirror, or the pigment of the whole nose mirror may be light. The fullness of the lips and the top of the nose and mouth may cause it to be higher than the nose mirror. For tongue, upper mouth, gums and upper lip, blue-black (any color except light color) is preferred; The upper part of the light-colored Sharpay dog should be lavender. A tongue with pink spots is a serious defect. A pure pink tongue is disqualified (the color of the tongue may become lighter due to fever; Be careful not to let the pigment on your tongue turn pink. Teeth: strong, scissor bite. Deviation from scissors bite and bite are serious defects. [Neck, back line, body] Neck: medium length, plump, well combined with scapula. The neck and throat are slightly wrinkled, and the skin is loose and rich in fat. Topline: slightly concave behind the withers and slightly raised at the short and wide waist. A horizontal, arched or swaying topline is a defect. Chest: wide and deep, the bottom of the chest extends at least to the elbow, slightly higher than the waist. Back: short and tightly combined. Hip: flat, with high tail root, upturned anus and obvious exposure. Tail: Very high tail root position is one of Sharp's unique features. A tail with a low position is a defect. The tail is thick and round at the root, thin and sharp at the tip, and curled on the back or any side of the back. Lack of a complete tail is disqualification. Shoulder blades: muscular and inclined backwards. Front legs: straight and slightly wide when viewed from the front, with elbows close to the body. When viewed from the side, the forelimbs are straight and the bones are strong and flexible. The skeleton is strong, but not heavy, of medium length. Whether the forelimb claws are removed is optional. Feet: medium size, compact and stable, not open. The hindquarters are muscular, strong and moderately angled. The tarsal bones (hocks) are short, perpendicular to the ground and parallel to each other when viewed from the back. The hind paw must be removed. Claws are the same as forelimbs. Very thick fur is one of the unique characteristics of this breed. The coat is absolutely straight and stands on the main part of the body, but generally the hair on the limbs is flat, slightly flat. Hair looks healthy, but it has no luster. The length of the coat can range from a very short "horse mane" to a slightly long "mane", and the length of the withers should not exceed 1 inch. Soft coat, wavy coat, coat length of withers exceeding 1 inch, or trimmed coat are all serious defects. Sharp dogs should show their natural appearance. [Color] Only solid colors and mink colors are accepted. When judging, treat all colors equally. A solid color dog may have various colors on the back and ears, mainly dark. Shadow changes must be consistent with the color of the body coat, including dark hair all over the coat. The following colors are disqualified: albino varieties; Non-solid colors, such as tiger spot color, variegated color, spotted color and any color combination. [Gait] Judging Sharpay's movements is mainly to watch the trot. His gait is smooth and smooth. When he trotted quickly, his paws tended to approach the center line of his body due to gravity. Gait combines good forequarters stretching with strong hindquarters driving force. Correct gait is the most basic. [temperament] king, alert, smart, dignified, noble, frowning, calm and proud, neutral in nature, a little cold to strangers; But put all your love on your family. Sharp stood there, looking calm and confident. [Main defects] The coat length far from the shearing bite force, spotted tongue, soft coat, wavy coat, withers greater than 1 inch, or trimmed coat. [Disqualification] Ear standing, pure pink tongue, lack of complete tail. Albino variety; Non-solid colors, such as tiger spot color, variegated color, spotted color and any color combination. There are more than ten kinds of famous dogs in China, including Beijing Dog, pug (axe dog), Song Shiquan, Tibetan Mastiff, Lhasa Dog, Shih Tzu Dog (China poodle), chinese crested, Tibetan Mastiff, Sharpe Dog and Tibetan Mastiff.