Jiang Wei (202-264), courtesy name Boyue, was a native of Ji County, Tianshui (now Gangu, Gansu), and a famous general of the Shu Kingdom at the end of the Three Kingdoms period.
Jiang Wei has been alone since he was a child and lives with his mother. He liked Zheng Xuan's classics and worked as a planner in the county. Soon he was appointed to work in the state. Jiang Wei's father, Jiang Jiong, was a meritorious official in the county. When the Qiang and Rong people rebelled, he personally protected the county governor and died on the battlefield. Therefore, the Wei Dynasty gave Jiang Weizhonglang and ordered him to participate in the military management of the county.
In the spring of the sixth year of Jianxing (the second year of Wei Taihe, 228), Shu Prime Minister Zhuge Liang sent troops out of Qishan (today’s southeastern mountainous area of ??Gansu Province) for the first time. He sent General Zhao Yun of Zhendong and General Deng Zhi of Yangwu to occupy Jigu (south of today's Baoji, Shaanxi) and pretend to attack Yun from Xiegu Road (southwest of today's Mei County, Shaanxi) to contain the main force of the Wei army. Emperor Wei Ming Cao Rui sent Cao Zhen to lead the troops in Guanyou and set up heavy defenses in Yi, but Zhuge Liang personally led the army to attack Qishan. At that time, Ma Zunzheng, the prefect of Tianshui, took Jiang Wei, Gongcao Liangxu, Zhubo Yinshang, Zhuji Liang Qian and others to inspect various places with Guo Huai, the governor of Yongzhou. After Ma Zun heard that the Shu army had arrived at Qishan, the counties responded. After Guo Huai heard about it, he decided to go east and return to Shanggui to defend. Ma Zun suspected that Jiang Wei and others had different intentions, so he followed Guo Huai to Shanggui by night. Jiang Wei discovered that Ma Zun had left and hurriedly followed him. Unfortunately, he was a step too late. When Jiang Wei and others reached Shanggui, the city gate was closed and they refused to let him in. Jiang Wei and others returned to Ji County, but Ji County did not let Jiang Wei and others enter the city. Jiang Wei and others were afraid and had no choice but to go to Zhuge Liang. At that time, Ma Ji, the vanguard of the Shu army, violated Zhuge Liang's deployment and did not listen to the dissuasion of General Pi Wang Ping. He abandoned the street pavilion without authorization and established a stronghold on the mountain, thinking that he would be able to attack the Wei army from a high position. As a result, he was defeated by Wei Zuo General Zhang He and lost the strategically important Jieting (now Longcheng Town, southeast of Zhuanglang, Gansu Province, some say today's Shui Southeast). Ma Ji lost his street pavilion, which threatened Zhuge Liang's main flank and ruined the entire battle plan. Zhuge Liang had no choice but to conquer Xi County and led more than a thousand households and Jiang Wei and others to take charge. Jiang Wei was separated from his mother.
Zhuge Liang was pleased with Jiang Wei's courage and intelligence, and appointed him as the Cang Cao Tu, a general of Yiyi, and the title of Dangyang Tinghou. Jiang Wei was twenty-seven years old.
Zhuge Liang wrote letters to Zhang Yi, the governor who stayed in the palace, and Jiang Wan, who joined the army, and expressed his praise for Jiang Wei. The letter said: "Jiang Bo is loyal and diligent in current affairs, thinking carefully, considering everything, Yongnan (Li Shao) ), Ji Chang (Ma Liang) are not as good as others. He is also a sergeant in Liangzhou. "The letter also said: "Jiang Boyue must first teach five or six thousand soldiers. Righteousness, a deep understanding of the military spirit. This person has the Han Dynasty and is talented as a person. He has taught military affairs and should be sent to the palace to meet the Lord." ("Three Kingdoms·Shu·Jiang Wei Biography"). Soon, Jiang Wei was promoted to the title of Central Supervisor of the Army and General of the Conquest of the West.
Sun Sheng's "Miscellaneous Notes" records that Jiang Wei defected to Zhuge Liang and was separated from his mother. Later, he received a letter from his mother asking him to try to return. Jiang Wei said: "There are hundreds of hectares of fertile land, not one acre; but there is Polygala, not Angelica." This record is not very credible. Because Jiang Wei didn't know much about academics, he didn't treat his mother like this.
In February of the twelfth year of Jianxing (234), Zhuge Liang led 100,000 troops out of Xiegu to attack Wei, but was rejected by Wei general Sima Yi. The two armies were in a stalemate for more than a hundred days. During this period, Zhuge Liang challenged him several times, but Sima Yi stood firm and waited for the Shu army to run out of food before launching a counterattack. Zhuge Liang sent troops to send Sima Yi women's clothes to humiliate him, in order to encourage Sima Yi to fight, but Sima Yi still refused to fight. In order to quell the dissatisfaction of his subordinates, he deliberately petitioned for war. Emperor Wei Ming sent Wei Wei Xinpi as a military advisor to stop it. From now on, when Zhuge Liang comes to challenge, Sima Yi will lead his troops to attack. Xinpi's staff will be placed at the military gate, and Sima Yi will not send troops. As soon as Xin Pi arrived, Jiang Wei said to Zhuge Liang: "Xin Zuozhi has arrived at the Zhijie, and the thief will never come back." Zhuge Liang said: "He has no intention of fighting, so he invites the warrior to show his strength to his ears." In the army, your orders are not accepted, but if you can control me, how can you come thousands of miles away to fight against evil" ("Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Volume 72")! In August, Zhuge Liang died of illness in the army at Wuzhangyuan (southwest of today's Meixian County, Shaanxi Province). The Shu general did not announce his mourning and retreated. When the local people saw that the Shu army was withdrawing, they reported to Sima Yi. Sima Yi sent troops to pursue him. Jiang Wei ordered Yang Yi to return with flags and drums and pretended to fight back. Sima Yi thought he had been tricked and hurriedly retreated, not daring to approach. So the Shu army withdrew safely, and the people made a proverb: "Zhuge died and Zhongda died" ("Book of Jin·Biography of Emperor Xuan").
After Jiang Wei returned to Chengdu, he served as the Right Supervisor of the Army and General of the Assistant Han, commanded all armies, and was granted the title of Marquis of Pingxiang.
In the first year of Yanxi (238), Jiang Wei stationed in Hanzhong with General Jiang Wan. After Jiang Wan was promoted to Grand Sima, he appointed Jiang Wei as Sima and led partial armies to the west many times. In the sixth year of Yanxi (243), Jiang Wei was promoted to the general of Zhenxi and concurrently served as the governor of Liangzhou.
In the ninth year of Yanxi (246), the ethnic minorities in Wenshan County (the county governs Mianzhi, southwest of today's Wenchuan, Sichuan) and Pingkang County (now west of Songpan, Sichuan) gathered in crowds to rebel against the rule of the Shu Han Dynasty. Jiang Wei led the army to conquer, and quickly pacified it with kindness and power.
In the tenth year of Yanxi (247), Jiang Wei was promoted to General Wei, and he and General Fei Shi recorded the affairs of the Secretariat. In the same year, the Yi people in Pingkang County, Wenshan County, revolted, and Jiang Wei led his troops to suppress the rebellion. Soon, the Qianghu people in Yongzhou (governing Chang'an, now northwest of Xi'an), Liangzhou (governing Guzang, now Wuwei, Gansu) and other areas carried Wei and surrendered to Shu. Jiang Wei led his troops out of Longyou (today's west of Longshan and Liupanshan in Gansu Province) to meet him, and fought with Guo Huai, the governor of Yongzhou in Wei, and Xiahou, the protector of Shu, in Taoxi (west of the Tao River). The leaders of the Hu tribe, Bai Huwen and Zhiwudai, led their tribes to Shu, and Jiang Wei moved them to Shu. Those who were not moved were all defeated by Guo Huai.
In the twelfth year of Yanxi (249), the imperial court awarded Jiang Wei Fu Festival. In the autumn, Jiang Wei's military governor attacked Yongzhou (now Guanzhong, Shaanxi and eastern Gansu) and built two cities near Qushan (now east Baili of Min County, Gansu). Jiang Wei was familiar with the customs and customs of Longxi and wanted to lure the Qiang and Hu to return to Shu in order to control the area. He sent Yamen generals Ju'an, Li Xin and others to garrison, and joined forces with the Qiang and Hu people to attack nearby counties. The Wei army resisted with the help of Guo Huai, the general who conquered the west, and Chen Tai, the governor of Yongzhou. Guo Huai adopted the strategy of siege and reinforcements, and ordered Chen Tai to recruit Xu Zhi, the Shu guard. Deng Ai, the governor of Nan'an, entered Qucheng (now Dongzhangnan, Min County, Gansu), cutting off transportation and water sources. The Shu army in Qucheng was in dire straits. Jiang Wei was forced to lead the rescue force and advanced to Niutoushan (southeast of Min County, Gansu, on the south bank of the Tao River), but was blocked by Chen Tai's army. Jiang Wei heard that Guo Huai led his army to attack Taoshui, trying to cut off the retreat, and quickly led his army to withdraw. However, Ju'an, Li Xin and others finally surrendered to Wei because they were isolated and helpless. Guo Huai then attacked various Qiang tribes in the west, leaving Deng Ai to station on the north bank of Baishui (now Bailongjiang, Gansu) to prevent the Shu army from counterattacking. After Jiang Wei heard the news, he ordered Liao Hua to garrison the south bank of Baishui to contain Deng Ai, and then led a heavy army to attack Taocheng (now southwest of Lintan, Gansu). Later, Deng Ai saw through it and captured Taocheng that night, so Jiang Wei had to withdraw his troops.
In December of the 13th year of Yanxi (250), Jiang Wei once again sent troops to Longyou (today's west of Longshan and Liupanshan in Gansu), united with the Qiang people, attacked Wei Xiping and captured Wei Zhonglang. Guo Xun returned.
Jiang Wei believed that he was familiar with the customs of the west, and relied on his talents as well as civil and military personnel. He wanted to use the Qiang and Hu tribes as his wings, and said, "It can be said that from the west of Long, it can be broken and there is it" ("Three Kingdoms·Shu·Shu· "Jiang Wei Biography"). Therefore, he often proposed to build up troops on a large scale. Fei Yi stopped him many times, and the number of troops allocated to him never exceeded 10,000.
Fei Yi also said to Jiang Wei: "We are already far behind the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is still unable to determine the mid-summer period, let alone me! It is better to protect the country and the people, guard the country, and live up to our achievements. Those who wait until they are able can do nothing to hope for luck, and success or failure can be decided in one fell swoop; if they are not as good as their ambitions, they will regret it." ("Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Volume 76").
In the spring of the 16th year of Yanxi (253), Fei Yi died, and Jiang Wei had to carry out his ambition. In March, Wu Taifu Zhuge Ke once again raised an army to attack Wei, sending 200,000 troops to attack Huainan. Jiang Wei also took the opportunity to lead tens of thousands of people out of Shiying (now northwest of Xihe County, Gansu Province), passed through Dongting (now southwest of Tianshui City, Gansu Province), and surrounded Nan'an. Chen Tai, the governor of Wei Yongzhou, led his army to relieve the siege and advanced to Luomen (ie. When Luomenju (now west of Gangu, Gansu Province), Jiang Wei failed to conquer Nan'an for a long time and his army supplies were exhausted, so he retreated.
In the 17th year of Yanxi (254), Jiang Wei took charge of the domestic and foreign military affairs of Shu. In February, Wei Zhongshu ordered Li Feng to conspire with Zhang Ji, the empress's father, Guanglu doctor, and others to depose the ministers of Yi, and wanted to replace Sima Shi as the general with Taichang Xia Houxuan. When the incident was revealed, Sima Shi killed Li Feng, Xia Houxuan and others, deposed Queen Zhang, and the Wei state fell into chaos for a while. Li Jianmi, the Taoist priest of Wei Di, asked Shu Han to surrender. In June, Jiang Wei took the opportunity to lead his army to attack Wei. Li Jian surrendered and Jiang Wei occupied Didao (now Lintao, Gansu). In October, Jiang Wei led his army to besiege Xiangwu (the governor of Longxi County in Wei, now southwest of Longxi, Gansu). Wei general Xu Zhi counterattacked, and the former Shu army defeated the bandit general Zhang Yi and died in the battle. Jiang Wei followed with his army, defeated the Wei army and killed Xu Zhi.
The Wei army retreated, and Jiang Wei took advantage of the victory to attack, breaking Heguan (now northwest of Linxia, ??Gansu), Lintao (now Minxian, Gansu) and other counties, and moved the people of Heguan, Lintao, and Didao counties into Sichuan, and led his army to withdraw.
In July of the 18th year of Yanxi (255), Shu Wei general Jiang Wei took advantage of the Wei general Sima Shi's death from illness to supervise the chariot and cavalry general Xia Houba, the west conquering general Zhang Yi and others. Thousands of people attacked Wei. In August, they arrived at Wuhan (now northeast of Linxia, ??Gansu) and marched towards Didao (now Lintao, Gansu). Wei Zhengxi General Chen Tai ordered Yongzhou Governor Wang Jing to lead his troops to Didao. After he led the main force to arrive from Chencang (today's east of Baoji, Shaanxi), he would then attack the Shu army. Wang Jing quickly attacked the Shu army without waiting for the arrival of Chen Tai's army. Jiang Wei led his army to defeat Wang Jing successively in Guguan (now north of Lintao, Gansu Province) and Taoxi. Most of the Wei army was injured or fled, with tens of thousands of soldiers lost. Wang Jing only had ten thousand left. People still protect Di Dao. Jiang Wei took advantage of the victory and besieged Didao City. Wei General Sima Zhao appointed Changshui Captain Deng Ai as General Anxi to fight against the Shu army together with Chen Tai, and sent Taiwei Sima Fu as backup. After meeting up with Deng Ai's army, Chen Tai advanced to Longxi in three ways, avoiding the Shu army, and unexpectedly bypassed Gaochengling (now northwest of Weiyuan, Gansu) and entered the southeastern mountains of Didao. They lit fires and drums to communicate with the city, and the defenders Seeing the arrival of reinforcements, morale was boosted. Jiang Wei, the governor, attacked along the mountain, but was repulsed by the Wei army. At this time, Chen Tai threatened to cut off the Shu army's retreat, so Jiang Wei withdrew his troops on September 25 and retreated to Zhongdi (now south of Lintao, Gansu).
In the first month of the nineteenth year of Yanxi (256), Jiang Wei was named a general by his empress at his residence. In June, Jiang Wei and Hu Ji, the general of Zhenxi, agreed to meet at Shanggui (now Tianshui, Gansu). In July, Jiang Wei took the lead in sending troops to Qishan. Hearing that Deng Ai was prepared, he changed his route from Dongting (south of Wushan, Gansu) to attack Nan'an (southeast of today's Longxi, Gansu). Deng Ai's army seized Wucheng Mountain (today's southwest of Wushan, Gansu Province) and refused to defend it. Jiang Wei saw that he had lost the advantage of the terrain and that it was difficult to conquer by force, so he crossed the Wei River at night and marched eastward, advancing along the mountains and up to Gui. The two armies fought in Duangu (now southwest of Tianshui, Gansu). Hu Ji's delay has not yet arrived. The battle between the Shu army and the Shu army was unfavorable. The soldiers were scattered and many were killed or injured. The people complained about Jiang Wei, and the areas west of Longshan also took the opportunity to riot. Jiang Wei was defeated and returned. He thanked him and took the blame, and asked himself to be demoted to the post general and conduct military affairs as a general.
In May of the 20th year of Yanxi (257), Wei general Zhuge Dan joined forces with Soochow to rebel against Sima Zhao in Huainan. Sima Zhao mobilized the troops from Guanzhong to go eastward to attack Zhuge Dan. Jiang Wei took the opportunity to attack Wei Qinchuan (Weihe River Basin). In December, Jiang Wei led tens of thousands of troops out of Luogu (today's southwest of Zhouzhi, Shaanxi) and arrived at Shenling (today's south of Zhouzhi, Shaanxi). At that time, Wei had accumulated a large amount of military supplies in the Great Wall (today's south of Zhouzhi, Shaanxi), and its defense was weak. When they heard Jiang Wei's arrival, everyone was frightened. Wei Zhengxi General Sima Wang and Anxi General Deng Ai feared that Jiang Wei would attack the Great Wall, so they immediately joined forces to defend it. Jiang Wei's army marched to Mangshui (now Heishui, Zhouzhi, Shaanxi) and camped near the mountains. Sima Wang and Deng Ai's army built a stronghold near the water. The Shu army challenged many times, but the Wei army could not hold on, and the two armies faced off for a long time. In March and April of the first year of Jingyao (258 years), Jiang Wei heard that Zhuge Dan was defeated, so he led his army back. And was appointed as general again.
Jiang Wei's repeated Northern Expeditions not only failed to achieve results, but also made the people trapped and the soldiers exhausted. Therefore, he no longer easily used troops externally, but turned his head and devoted himself to strengthening the defense of Hanzhong.
At that time, Liu Bei left Wei Yan to guard Hanzhong, and all camps were enriched with troops to resist foreign invaders. The enemy attacks and prevents them from taking a single step. Later in the Battle of Hanzhong, Wang Ping used this method to resist Cao Shuang. Jiang Wei carefully studied the situation in Sichuan and proposed a new strategy of "gathering troops and gathering valleys".
Jiang Wei believes that "if you mistakenly guard the sieges, although it conforms to the meaning of "Chongmen" in the Book of Changes, you can only fend off the enemy without making great profits. If you don't let the enemy know that the enemy is coming, all the sieges will be destroyed." Gather troops and gather in the valley, retreating to the two cities of Han and Le, so that the enemy cannot enter the territory, and the officials will guard the pass to defend it. If there is an emergency, the troops will be sent forward to wait for the enemy to attack the enemy. The food in the county of Qianli will naturally be exhausted. On the day of retreat, all the cities will come out together and fight with the wandering army. This is the technique of killing the enemy" ("Three Kingdoms·Shu·Jiang Wei Biography").
The imperial court also felt that Jiang Wei's method was good, so it ordered Hu Ji, the governor of Hanzhong, to retreat to Yanshou, Wang Han, the military supervisor, to garrison Lecheng, and the army guard Jiang Bin to garrison Seoul. Military camps were also established in Xi'an, Jianwei, Wuwei, Shimen, Wucheng, Jianchang, Linyuan and other places.
In fact, the method of gathering troops and harvesting crops does more harm than good, and is tantamount to abandoning dangerous points and tearing down barriers.
In October of the fifth year of Jingyao (262 years), Jiang Wei raised his troops to attack Wei again and entered Taoyang. Deng Ai, the general of Wei Zhengxi, led his troops to fight. Deng Ai seized on the weaknesses of Jiang Wei's expedition, which included long battle lines, difficulty in providing supplies, and was difficult to last. Seizing advantageous terrain, they set up a formation at Houhe (today's northeast of Zhuoni) east of Taoyang to wait for work and block the Shu army. After a fierce battle between the two sides, the Wei army launched a counterattack. The Shu army was defeated and suffered heavy losses. Jiang Wei had no choice but to retreat to Tazhong (now northwest of Zhouqu, Gansu). After that, the strength of the Shu army was greatly reduced and it turned into a passive defensive posture.
Jiang Wei's Northern Expedition Jiang Wei, courtesy name Boyue, was born in Jixian County, Tianshui. He was a young orphan and lived with his mother. He was fond of Zheng's studies. Originally a state and county official. In the sixth year of Jianxing (228 years), Zhuge Liang sent troops to Qishan. Ma Zun, the prefect of Tianshui, fled in fear and stayed in Shanggui. Jiang Wei and others heard the news and chased the eunuch, but the eunuch closed the city gates and refused to accept him. Wei and others returned to Hebei Province, but were also rejected. So Wei and others surrendered to Zhuge Liang. Liang Piwei was appointed as a courier of Cangcao, added as General Fengyi, and granted the title of Marquis of Dangyangting. He was twenty-seven years old. Liang wrote to Zhang Yi, the governor of Liufu, and Jiang Wan, who joined the army, saying: "Jiang Bo is loyal and diligent in current affairs. He thinks carefully and considers everything. He is inferior to Yongnan (Li Shao) and Jichang (Ma Liang). He was born in Liangzhou. Scholars." He also said: "Jiang Boyue is very keen on military affairs. He has a sense of support and a deep understanding of military affairs. He has a heart for the Han Dynasty, but he is also talented and has taught military affairs. He should be sent to the palace to see the Lord." It shows that Zhuge Liang attaches great importance to Jiang Wei and plans to train him into a pillar.
In the twelfth year of Jianxing (234), Zhuge Liang died and Wei returned to Chengdu. He served as the Right Supervisor of the Army, assisted the generals of the Han Dynasty, unified all armies, and was granted the title of Marquis of Pingxiang. In the first year of Yanxi (233), Wei followed General Jiang Wan out of Hanzhong. Wan moved to the Grand Sima, taking Wei as Sima, and led several partial troops to march westward. In the 10th year of Yanxi (247), he moved to the general of Wei and recorded affairs with General Fei Yi.
Wei Zi thought that he was familiar with Western customs and had great talent. He wanted to lure the Qiang and Hu into his wings, saying that they could be cut off from the west of Long. Fei Yi repeatedly asked for a large army to attack, but Fei Yi was more cautious and restrained Wei Chang, so that his troops could not exceed ten thousand people. Before Fei Yi's death, Jiang Wei finally failed to launch a large-scale northern expedition against Cao Wei.
In the 16th year of Yanxi (253), after Fei Yi died, Jiang Wei had greater freedom of action and often sent tens of thousands of troops to attack the north. The next year, Wei came out of Longxi again and defeated Wei general Xu Zhi. Taking advantage of his victory, he surrendered and the people of Tugaheguan, Didao and Lintao counties returned. In the eighteenth year of Yanxi (255), Weifu and the cavalry general Xia Houba and others went out of Didao and defeated Wang Jing, the governor of Wei Yongzhou, in Taoxi, killing tens of thousands of people. After retreating to Didao City and maintaining the siege, Wei Zhengxi General Chen Tai advanced to relieve the siege and retreated to Zhongti.
In the 19th year of Yanxi (256), Wei was promoted to general, and he organized his troops and met with Hu Jiqi, the general of Zhenxi, in Shanggui. When Ji was defeated, Wei was defeated by Wei general Deng Ai in Duangu (southeast of today's Tianshui City, Gansu Province). The soldiers were scattered and many people died. The common people were resentful because of this, and there was also turmoil in the west of Long.
In the 20th year of Yanxi (257), Zhuge Dan, the general of Wei Zhengdong, raised an army against the Sima family in Huainan. Part of the troops in Guanzhong moved eastward. Wei wanted to take advantage of the opportunity to go to Qinchuan and led tens of thousands of people out of Luo Valley. , the path reaches Shen Cen (50 miles southwest of present-day Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi Province). At that time, the Great Wall (in the north of Shen Cen) had a lot of valleys and few defenders. When they heard that the Wei Dynasty was coming, everyone was afraid. Wei generals Sima Wang and Deng Ai both guarded the Great Wall. Dimensionality challenges, hope and AI will not come out. In the first year of Jingyao (253), Wei heard that Zhuge was defeated and returned to Chengdu.
Since Liu Bei stayed in Wei Yan to guard Hanzhong, he has deployed troops on the outside to defend against the enemy. If the enemy comes to attack, he will not be able to enter. In the battle of Xingshi, Wang Ping defended Cao Shuang and all inherited this system. Jiang Wei believed that "defending the sieges by mistake can only fend off the enemy but not achieve great benefits. If the enemy does not arrive, all the sieges will gather their troops in the valley, retreat to the two cities of Han and Le, wait for the enemy to calm down, and guard and defend at critical moments." So, now the wandering army moves out to wait for its weakness. The enemy can't attack the key points, there are no scattered grains in the fields, and they have to transport grain for thousands of miles, so they will naturally be tired. On the day of retreat, they will then move out from all the cities and fight with the wandering army. This will kill the enemy. The art of it." So he ordered Hu Ji, the governor of Hanzhong, to retreat to Hanshou, Wang Han, the supervisor of the army, to guard Lecheng, and Jiang Bin, the guard of the army, to guard Hancheng. "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" Volume 77 Gaogui Xiang Gong Gan Lu's three-year annotation says: "Jiang Wei abandoned the dangerous position and opened up the border with cunning. This book is the first version of Shu's death."
"Jiang Wei's method of defending against enemies is still acceptable when encountering small enemies. But if an enemy several times stronger comes and forces him to reach the ground, why not let the tiger out of the mountain! How dare Jiang Wei dare to take such a risk when he is only a mere Shu? It was not a safe plan.
Jiang Wei was not originally from Shu, but he relied on the Shu Kingdom and had no achievements in the war for many years, so he was criticized for his incompetence at the time. He has the power to do whatever he wants. Seeing Huang Hao's popularity, the right general Yan Yu attached himself to him and colluded with him. Huang Hao wanted to find an opportunity to depose Jiang Wei and help Yan Yu take charge of the military and political power. Jiang Wei was suspicious, so he refused. He returned to Chengdu and stationed himself in Tazhong.
According to "Huayang Guozhi", Jiang Wei was very dissatisfied with Huang Hao's arbitrary power, and once petitioned the emperor to kill Huang Hao. "Huang Hao is just a minister who works hard to serve. In the past, Dong Yun hated him with all his heart, and I often felt sorry for him. You have a lot of people, so why should you care about him?" Jiang Wei saw that Huang Haozhi was attached to Ye Lian and had great influence. He felt that he had made a mistake, so he said goodbye to the empress and left the palace. The empress ordered Huang Hao to go to Jiang Wei to apologize. Jiang Wei said to Huang Hao He wanted to go to Tazhong to grow wheat for military use, but he was actually trying to avoid Huang Hao.
In the sixth year of Jingyao (263 years), Jiang Wei reported to the emperor, saying: "I heard that Zhonghui will govern Guanzhong. If you want to make progress, you should also send Zhang Yi and Liao Huayi to supervise the blocking army to protect Yang'an Pass and Yinping Bridge to prevent problems before they happen" ("Three Kingdoms·Shu·Jiang Wei Biography").
At this critical moment , Huang Hao did not listen to people, but believed in ghosts and gods. He believed in the sorcerer's prophecy and believed that the enemy would not come. He reported it to the emperor and suppressed Jiang Wei's seal and ignored it. Even the ministers did not know. p>
In August of the same year, the Wei army divided into three groups to attack Shu: Western General Deng Ai led more than 30,000 troops and marched from Didao (now Lintao, Gansu) to restrain Shu General Jiang Wei from stationing in Tazhong ( The main force led by Zhuge Xu, the governor of Yongzhou, led more than 30,000 people to attack Wudu (now northwest of Chengxian County, Gansu Province) to cut off Jiang Wei's retreat; Zhong Hui led the main force of more than 100,000 people, hoping to take advantage of Hanzhong. Then he headed straight to Chengdu
It was not until Wei General Zhong Jiang was about to enter Luo Valley and Deng Ai was about to enter Tazhong that Huang Hao sent his right chariot general Liao Hua to lead his army to Tazhong to assist Jiang Wei. General Zhang Yi of Zuo Chaoqi and General Dong Jue of Fu State led their troops to Yang'an Pass (today's west of Mian County, Shaanxi Province) to serve as foreign aid to various camps and ordered the Hanzhong generals to abandon Hanzhong's peripheral strongholds and shrink their troops to retreat to Hancheng ( Liao Hua marched to Yinping and heard that Wei general Zhuge Xu was advancing towards Jianwei, so he stopped and waited for the enemy.
Deng Ai ordered Wang Qi, the prefect of Tianshui, to attack Jiang Wei's camp. , ordered Qian Hong, the governor of Longxi, and others to attack Jiang Wei's front, and ordered Yang Xin, the governor of Jincheng, to attack Gansong. When Jiang Wei saw Deng Ai's army attacking in Tazhong, he also heard that Zhong Hui was advancing on Hanzhong. He knew that Hanzhong was difficult to defend, so he immediately ordered him. He led his troops to retreat eastward, hurriedly getting rid of Deng Ai, and retreated to Yinping. Wei general Yang Xin and others pursued him until they reached Jiangchuankou. The two sides fought, and Jiang Wei retreated. He was blocked by Zhuge Xu who had seized the bridgehead (southeast of Yinping). Hangu (now at the Bailongjiang River in Kongyoushui, Wudu County, Gansu Province) pretended to go north and detoured to the east, pretending to send troops to attack Zhuge Xu's rear, and induced Zhuge Xu to leave the bridge head thirty miles away and block the attack to the north. Jiang Wei took the opportunity to quickly cross the bridge and join forces with Liao Hua, Zhang Yi and others to defend Jiangge. Zhuge Xu rushed to intercept, but failed to catch up. Jiang Wei used his troops flexibly and temporarily got rid of the passive situation. p>
In Yinping, Jiang Wei met Liao Hua who came to reinforce him. Jiang Wei ordered Liao Hua to resist the enemy in Yinping, but he wanted to lead his army to Yangping Pass to attack Zhong Hui.
Because of the Shu army. The dangerous chokepoints Xiegu, Luogu, and Ziwugu were not strictly defended, but they were occupied by Liu Qin, the governor of Weiweixing. Zhong Hui then advanced in several directions and entered Hanzhong. He left 20,000 people to surround the two cities of Han and Le, and led the main force. Going straight down to Yang'an Pass, guard Jiang Shu surrendered, and Fu Qian died in the battle. After conquering Guancheng (today's Yangping Pass, Shaanxi Province), Zhong Hui could not attack Lecheng. When he heard that the pass had been captured, he led his troops and drove south. At this time, Zhang Yi and Dong Juecai. When they arrived at Hanshou, Jiang Wei and Liao Hua also abandoned Yinping and retreated, just in time to meet up with Zhang Yi and others. So they all retreated to Jiange to resist Zhong Hui.
Zhong Hui wrote to Jiang Wei, trying to use his hometown connections to recruit him to surrender. The letter said: "With his virtues in civil and military affairs and his great strategy for the world, the Duke has made great contributions to the Ba and Han Dynasties, and his voice has spread throughout China. His name has been attributed to everyone near and far.
Ai Chang drove forward, defeated Zhan's vanguard, and Zhan retreated to Mianzhu. Ai lured Zhan with a letter and said: "If anyone surrenders, he will definitely be the King of Langxie." Seeing his anger, he beheaded Ai's envoys and lined up to wait for Ai. Ai sent Zizhong and others to attack from the right, and Sima Shizuan and others to attack from the left. Zhong and Zuan failed in the battle and retreated. Saying: "The thief cannot be attacked". Ai Nu said: "The difference between survival and death can be determined by one action. Why not?" He scolded Zhong, Zhuan and others and was about to kill them. Zhong and Zhuanchi also fought again and defeated the Shu army, killing Zhan and Huang Chong. Zhanzi Shang sighed and said: "My father and my son are very kind to the country. If I didn't kill Huang Hao early, the country would be defeated and the people would be ruined. What's the use of life!" He rode his horse and risked the battle and died.
The people of Shu did not expect the Wei soldiers to arrive suddenly, and did not make arrangements for the city guards. When the AI ????went into the plains, the people were disturbed and ran into the mountains and fields, which could not be stopped. The later master held a meeting with his ministers, and either advocated surrender to Wu or suggested moving to the four southern counties. Guanglu doctor Qiao Zhou thought: "Since ancient times, there has been no one who has entrusted himself to another country as the emperor. If you come to Wu, you should also submit. And if there is no special governance, then the big can swallow up the small. This is natural. From this point of view, Wei can annex Wu, but Wu cannot annex Wei Ming. If you want to be a minister, which one is greater, how can you be ashamed of it again? And if you want to go south, you should make a plan early, and then you can achieve the result; Now the enemy is approaching, and disaster is imminent. No one can protect the hearts of the small group. I am afraid that when it becomes more powerful, it will change unexpectedly. How can we go to the south? How about accepting the surrender?" Zhou said: "Now that Dongwu has not been invited, we have to accept the situation, and we have to accept it with courtesy. "No one can understand Zhou's reasoning. The later master still wants to enter the south. Zhou Shangshu said: "In the remote barbarian land in the south, there is usually nothing to do, and there are still rebellions. Since the prime minister showed up and threatened them with troops, they have to obey. If you go to the south, you should resist the enemy outside and submit to the emperor inside. He has nothing to gain from Zhang Guang's expense, and will wear out all the barbarians, so his rebellion is bound to happen!" The emperor then followed Zhou Ce and sent his servants Zhang Shao and others to surrender to Ai with seals and ribbons. Kan, the king of the northern land, said angrily: "If Li is too weak to surrender, and disaster is imminent, then father, son, monarch, and ministers will fight behind the city and die together for the country, just to see how the late emperor can do it. How can we surrender!" The queen refused to listen. Crying in Zhaolie's temple, he first killed his wife and then committed suicide.
When Zhang Shao and others saw Deng Ai in Luocheng, Ai was overjoyed and wrote a letter of praise. Later, the Lord sent someone to tell Jiang Wei to surrender to Zhonghui. He also sent Li Hu, the minister, to deliver the records of the people to Ai. There were "280,000 households, 940,000 mouths, tens of millions and 2,000 soldiers, and four officials." Thousands of people"