Where did the hot spring culture originate? This answer may be too old to be tested. At the beginning, humans discovered hot springs, and even found animals recovering from fatigue in the spring water. It is said that the Japanese did not know that hot springs had the ability to treat diseases at first. Later, they began to study the functions of hot springs seriously after seeing an injured animal miraculously recover quickly after taking a bath in the hot springs. Modern people are gradually turning to hot springs as a way to relax and maintain health, relieve stress and even treat themselves. This trend is rapidly spreading around the world.
Qin Shihuang built the "Lishan Hot Spring" to treat sores. Xu Fu searched for the elixir of immortality in the mountains and seas, and drifted to Wakayama County, Japan. The "Xu Fu" hot spring bath is still preserved in the local area. In the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong built a "Hot Spring Palace", and poets also left many creations, describing the scene of beauties bathing in hot springs, which shows the long history and culture of hot springs in my country.
It goes without saying that the Japanese love hot springs. They can get a small hot spring in three steps, and a large hot spring in five steps. Bathing in hot springs has become a very important part of daily life for the Japanese, and they have also developed the concept of hot springs. A set of hot spring bathing culture and hot spring therapeutic effects that are different from other countries is what we call "hot spring treatment culture". The ancient Romans on the European continent, who also have a long history, heated spring water and flowed it into the built baths for people to use. Among them, the famous hot spring baths in Bath, England and Turkey are still in use. There are as many as 972 hot springs recorded in literature in my country, of which 229 have temperatures above 50°C. According to preliminary statistics after geological survey, more than 3,000 hot springs have been discovered in various provinces, cities and autonomous regions across the country.
my country’s working people have discovered and applied hot springs to treat diseases, which has a long history of thousands of years. As early as the "Book of Mountains and Seas" in the pre-Qin Dynasty, there were records of "hot springs". The "Shan Jing Annotations" written 1,000 years ago records: "The Kou water comes out of the high-pressure mountain in Qunlingqiu County...and joins the hot spring water in the east. The water comes out of the Xuan Valley in the northwest. The water is as warm as soup and can cure all kinds of diseases caused by Bletilla striata. , the ancients called it Hot Spring Yan." Astronomers of the Han Dynasty also wrote "Ode to Hot Spring", which said: "Looking at the treasures of the middle region, there is no such thing as the spirit of water... So I traveled far and wide to reach it. The virtues of heaven and earth are all born. The emperor educates his subjects, and if the six qi are wrong, he will cure them. ."
This paragraph vividly describes the grand occasion when the working people went to the hot springs to bathe. In 400 AD, Yu Xin of the Northern Zhou Dynasty wrote the "Hot Spring Inscription", describing the healing effects of hot springs. In 1000 AD, Tang Yu discussed the reasons for the formation of hot springs in "Tangquan Ji". Yang Shen of the Ming Dynasty wrote "Preface to the Poems of Anning Hot Spring", which summarized the distribution of hot springs in my country. In "Compendium of Materia Medica", Li Shizhen classified my country's mineral springs into hot springs, cold springs, sweet springs, sour springs and bitter springs. He was one of the earliest hot spring classification scholars in my country. The first generation of hot springs is a culture of bathing, which is often called "soaking"; the second generation of hot springs is a culture of bathing and games, emphasizing the dynamic and richness of hot springs; the third generation of hot springs is a culture of bathing and leisure, highlighting the role of hot springs A kind of leisure tourism; the latest fourth-generation hot spring culture is the most inclusive. It is no longer exclusive to young people, but a brand-new hot spring that introduces health care concepts and is enjoyed by the previous generation of adults.
This is the cultural change of hot springs, which most directly reflects people's different needs in different periods. As the public pays more and more attention to health, the fourth generation of hot springs has made its debut. The most notable feature of this type of hot spring is that it provides hot spring baths suitable for different body types, and usually has a clinic at the entrance to allow tourists to undergo a simple physical examination before bathing in the hot spring to reflect the purpose of the health hot spring. Based on the results of the physical examination, you can choose a hot spring that suits you under the guidance of a health practitioner. In addition, there are spa options for people to choose from such as fatigue recovery, weight loss and beauty, as well as a variety of facilities to ensure that tourists can enjoy it all year round.
Representatives of the fourth generation of hot springs include Asia's largest health-themed hot spring - South Korea's Spabis. Zhuhai Royal Hot Spring is also themed on health and leisure, and uses a large number of traditional Chinese medicine theories to design and have health-care effects. "Personalized hot spring" products.
"Shui Jing Zhu" is a famous geography book in ancient my country, written by Li Daoyuan, a geographer from the Northern Wei Dynasty more than 1,400 years ago. Li Daoyuan has been interested in studying hydrology, geography, and natural features since he was a boy. He made full use of the opportunity of serving as an official in various places to conduct field investigations and mastered a large amount of first-hand information. In "Shui Jing Zhu", Li Daoyuan described the geography, history, economy, politics, monuments and customs of the areas where rivers flowed through in as much detail as possible, using water courses as the key link, so as to provide future generations with the opportunity to study ancient geography and Humanities and history provide valuable information.
The "Shui Jing Zhu" contains 31 hot springs, which are divided into 5 levels according to the temperature from low temperature to high temperature, followed by "warm", "hot", "extremely hot" and "hot". "Twice as bad" and "Hot and strangely poisonous". For example, the "extremely hot" hot springs can remove the hair of chickens, pigs and other animals; the "extremely hot" hot springs can burn people's feet; and the "extremely hot and poisonous" spring water can cook rice. The book also gives a relatively detailed description of the characteristics, minerals, organisms, etc. of each hot spring. For example, some hot springs have sulfur gas, some have salt gas, and some have fish, etc.
"Shui Jing Zhu" mentioned many times that hot springs can "cure all kinds of diseases", such as "Lushan Huangnu Soup can cook rice, and drinking it can cure all kinds of diseases. Taoist priests clean themselves and bathe three times a day. How comfortable, after forty days, all kinds of illnesses in the body were cured." This is a true record of the health-care effect of hot springs. Another example is "Warm soup comes out of the rocks in Darong Mountain, which can cure all diseases", "Warm water comes out of Taiyi Mountain, and the water boils like soup. Du Yan replied that it can cure all diseases. If the water is clear, the disease will be cured, but if the world is turbid, there will be no cure." etc. , all show that people had considerable understanding and research on the medical value of hot springs as early as that time.
The earliest record of an emperor bathing in hot springs may be the Yellow Emperor. In Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province, there is a Huangshan Hot Spring, known in ancient times as "Lingquan", "Tangquan" and "Cinnabar Spring". It gushes out from under Ziyun Peak and faces Taohua Peak across the stream. Legend has it that Emperor Xuanyuan took a bath here for seven days. The one who ascended to heaven on the 749th. According to folklore: Huangdi Xuanyuan took a bath in the Huangshan Hot Spring, and his hair turned from white to black, rejuvenating his youth. The Yellow Emperor was very happy and called the Huangshan Hot Spring "Lingquan". Since then, the hot spring has become famous all over the world and has always been known as the famous spring in southeastern my country. Huangshan Hot Spring contains a variety of trace elements that are beneficial to the human body. The water quality is pure, the temperature is suitable, and you can drink and bathe. Jia Dao, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, once lamented that "the great philosopher has passed away, and this water is my true teacher."
The one with the deepest connection with the emperor should be Huaqing Pool in Shaanxi. Outstanding emperors such as Qin Shihuang, Tang Taizong, and Tang Xuanzong all had a fate with it. Huaqing Pool is located at the northwest foot of Nanli Mountain in Lintong County, 30 kilometers away from Xi'an City. In ancient times, this place was already a tourist attraction near Chang'an. During the Western Zhou Dynasty 2,700 years ago, the hot spring here was discovered and named "Xingchen Hot Spring". King You once built a palace here. When Qin Shihuang became the first emperor of China, he built a palace here again, introduced a spring into the house, and named it "Lishan Soup". Also known as "Lishan Soup". During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the palace was expanded again. In the 18th year of Zhenguan (645), Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, many palaces and pavilions were built, such as "Tangquan Palace" and so on. In the sixth year of Tianbao (747) of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, a large-scale construction project was carried out here. A palace was built on the mountain and was renamed "Huaqing Palace". . Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and his concubine Yang Guifei came here every winter for banquets and bathing. The poet Bai Juyi once wrote in the famous poem "Song of Everlasting Regret": "Looking back, I smile and am full of beauty. The six palaces are pink and white without color. The cold spring brings bathing in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water washes away the fat." The old buildings of Huaqing Pool have been destroyed after the Anshi Rebellion. Many of the antique pavilions, famous springs and pools in Huaqing Pool today were built and restored since the liberation of Xi'an.
From 745 to 755 AD, every October, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, together with his concubines, sisters and trusted ministers, would come to Huaqing Pool to "escape from the cold", and did not return to the capital Chang'an until late spring of the following year. After the "An-Shi Rebellion", although repairs and revitalization efforts were made in the past dynasties, they failed to restore the grandeur of the Tang Dynasty. From the second year of Kaiyuan to the fourteenth year of Tianbao (714-755), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty officially visited Huaqing Palace 36 times. There are countless temporary short-term trips. Every time he went out, he was accompanied by hundreds of officials and feather guards, and almost all the central government agencies were moved to Huaqing Palace.
With Xuanzong's frequent inspections, merchants gathered around Huaqing Palace, forming a new type of city on the east side of the capital; three love stories between Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei took place here. From "The spring cold brings bathing in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water washes away the gelatin" to "The fishing sun stirs the ground and breaks the colorful feathers", sad and touching historical stories happened here.
Following down, there are stories about Kangxi and Qianlong’s Mutang. Every time the emperor of the Qing Dynasty went to the Eastern Tomb of the Qing Dynasty, he would first bathe in the "Tangquan". Emperor Kangxi once wrote a poem to praise: "The water of the Tangquan is boiling and clear. The source of immortality comes from the cinnabar. Bathing in the sun and the moon are filled with spiritual liquid, and the microwaves flow in small waves. "Zong Zheng", while soaking in hot springs, reviewing memorials, "working" and enjoying both. Emperor Qianlong also left behind a story about staying in the palace to listen to government affairs. In this steaming water, the water temperature slowly penetrates into the skin, and the whole body and mind can get maximum relaxation in this warm water.
Hot springs were famous for the emperors, who felt refreshed and refreshed by the hot springs. The story of hot springs and emperors has become the mainstream of ancient Chinese hot spring culture. Huaqing Hot Spring is the earliest hot spring with documented development and utilization in China. It is probably also the most familiar hot spring to people. It is known as "the best hot spring in the world". As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, the hot spring here had been discovered and was called "Xingchen Hot Spring". King You once built the "Li Palace" here, and the first emperor of Qin built a stone pool named "Lishan Soup" and "Goddess Soup". Later, it was expanded and expanded by emperors of the Han, Sui and Tang dynasties. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the palace was expanded and a hot spring pool was incorporated into it. The palace was renamed "Huaqing Palace", and the hot spring pool was also called "Huaqing Pool" from then on.
Huaqing Pool has become famous all over the world because Yang Yuhuan, the beloved concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, took a bath here and the touching love story between them. Among the Tang Dynasty Tang Dynasty soup pools in Huaqing Pool, there is a Begonia Soup. The inner surface of the pool is shaped like a blooming begonia flower. It was given to Concubine Yang as a gift of love by Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty. It is also called the Concubine Pool. Yang Guifei has the appearance of a shy flower, and her beauty is even more charming due to the nourishment of hot spring water. In Bai Juyi's "Song of Everlasting Regret", "The cold spring bathes in Huaqing Pool, and the hot spring water washes away the fat. The waiter lifts up the delicate and feeble, which is the beginning of the new grace." It is the delicate state of Yang Guifei after taking a bath in Haitang Tang, which is recorded by the world. A beautiful "picture of the imperial concubine taking a bath" was left behind. It is said that Concubine Yang was able to be "loved by three thousand people" for a long time, and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was still suave when he was sixty or seventy years old, which was closely related to his long-term bathing in hot springs.
Huaqing Pool has witnessed many historical changes. The "Xi'an Incident" that shocked China and the world in modern history also happened here. In 1959, Mr. Guo Moruo was filled with emotion after visiting Huaqing Pool. He wrote a gold plaque with "Huaqing Pool" in his own handwriting, and wrote a poem happily: "Not only is the palace and pool still the same, but now the common people are kings.
Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, was not only the emperor. An outstanding emperor in the history of our country, he was also an important figure in the history of Chinese calligraphy. His personal actions made the calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty the most glorious page in the history of calligraphy. In the eighteenth year of Zhenguan (644 AD), Li Shimin was at Lishan Hot Spring. The construction of "Tangquan Palace" (today's Huaqing Pool) was completed in the 22nd year of Zhenguan (AD 648). Li Shimin led hundreds of civil and military officials to visit the new palace and personally wrote the "Hot Spring Inscription" to praise Lishan Hot Spring. He also ordered stonemasons to make rubbings on the stele to show to the officials, which was the first in the history of Chinese calligraphy to include running script on the stele.
The "Hot Spring Inscription" says: "I have been worried and worked hard, and the wind and illness have kept my baby." , Every time I suffer from this source, I will suffer losses from time to time. "It turns out that Li Shimin suffered from rheumatism for many years and was cured by soaking in the hot springs in Lishan Mountain. Li Shimin, with the dignity of an emperor, personally set up an inscription for the hot spring to promote it, which shows that the world at that time knew and valued the hot spring.
The original monument of "Hot Spring Inscription" has been lost. The surviving fragments of the rubbings from the Tang Dynasty can still give a glimpse of Li Shimin's elegant, unrestrained and mature calligraphy style.
It is said that Tanggangzi Hot Spring has a long history. Emperor Taizong Li Shimin led his troops on an eastward expedition and passed through this place. After a long journey, the soldiers were exhausted. Emperor Taizong Li Shimin's horse stumbled and unexpectedly stepped out of a clear spring. The soldiers rested here and bathed in the dust. After they were wiped out, the morale of the army was greatly boosted. Immediately, Li Shimin climbed up to the pavilion on the island behind him, stared at the east and made a wish: "If I come back victorious from the Eastern Expedition, I will definitely rebuild this pavilion." "Sure enough, this Eastern Expedition was a complete victory.
Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty did not forget his promise and ordered people to rebuild the pavilion, which was named "Praying Pavilion".
Tanggangzi Hot Spring is now located on Anhai Road (G202). You can take bus 13 from in front of the station and get off at Tanggangzi Hot Spring Station
We have no way to verify the authenticity of the origin of Tanggangzi Hot Spring. , but there are historical records of soldiers bathing here during the Eastern Expedition of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. According to "Haicheng County Chronicles", hot springs were discovered in the 18th year of Zhenguan of the Tang Dynasty. According to historical records, Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, came here during his Eastern Expedition and went to the spring to sit in the hot spring (local people called bathing in the hot spring). He was so happy after bathing that he built a "praying pavilion" in recognition of it. During the Liao and Jin Dynasties, "Tangchi County" was established here, and the county was named after the spring. It is said that Jin Taizong also came here to "sit in the soup". Near the hot spring is the "Empress Temple Monument" erected in the third year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty. During the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, Tanggangzi Hot Spring attracted many devotees and believers to come here to pay incense, and businessmen from all over the world also gathered here. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Qianlong returned to Shengjing three times to worship his ancestors. He also stopped to bathe in Tanggangzi while passing by.
There is a fragment of a stele "Rebuilding the Dragon King Temple" left near the hot spring. It is vaguely identifiable: "The stele of rebuilding the Dragon King Temple" and "The 24th year of Qianlong (AD 1760)". Based on this, it can be considered that there was once a Dragon King Temple built here, but it is unknown when it was built or destroyed. According to word-of-mouth information, there are indeed ruins of the Dragon King Temple near today's hot spring reservoir. The temple was built at least before the 24th year of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty (1760 AD).
Since the late Qing Dynasty, Tanggangzi Hot Spring has witnessed the heinous crimes committed by the Japanese and Russian invaders in the Northeast.
During the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War, the Japanese and Russian troops successively occupied the Tanggangzi area. The invaders took a fancy to the magical spring water here and built a sanatorium for officers and soldiers to treat their injuries. In 1904, General Kurobatchin of the Russian Army established a sanatorium for officers and soldiers in Tanggangzi Hot Spring. On August 30, 1905, the General Headquarters of the Japanese Army General Oyama moved from Dalian to half of the house here, which was called the "Manchuria Army Headquarters", and this place also served as the "Army Transfer Sanatorium".
In the early years of the Republic of China, Japan's "Manchuria Co., Ltd." designed and built a large park centered on hot springs. At that time, the park area reached 536,764 square meters, becoming a famous amusement park in the pseudo-"Manchukuo" at that time. place. The uncle, second and third brothers of Emperor Hirohito of Japan, as well as the Japanese Consul General in Fengtian (Shenyang) Ohashi Higashikata, have all come here several times to escape the summer and enjoy themselves.
In the early 20th century, Manchuria Railway built Yuquan Pavilion and Duicui Pavilion. On November 13, 1931, Puyi stayed here for a week in the Huicui attic. On March 6, 1932, on the way from Lushun to Changchun, he came here for the second time together with Queen Wanrong and the old and young people from the Manchu Qing Dynasty. Arrive at Tanggangzi and stay at Duicui Pavilion.
The world has changed, the times have changed, and the humiliating history of Tanggangzi Hot Spring has become a thing of the past. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tanggangzi Hot Spring, which has gone through many vicissitudes of life, has once again regained its youth and become the largest health resort and chronic disease treatment center in the country. It covers an area of ??640,000 square meters, has 1,300 beds and nearly 1,000 employees. This is a national training base for physical rehabilitation physicians recognized by the Ministry of Health. It is also the location of the Liaoning Provincial Rehabilitation Center and the Liaoning Provincial Rehabilitation Medicine Research Association. The editorial office of the "Chinese Physiotherapy Journal" of the Chinese Medical Association is also located here. In the past 10 years, with the increasing opening up to the outside world and extensive cooperation with Russia, Japan, South Korea and other countries, this place has gradually gone global and become an international resort for rehabilitation and physical therapy.
Praying Pavilion There is an exquisite pavilion called "Praying Pavilion" on the rockery in the north of Jingxin Lake Scenic Area in Hot Spring. According to legend, this was the "bathing place" where King Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty went during his Eastern Expedition.
During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, Li Shimin led his army to the east. Passing by Tanggangzi Hot Spring, the soldiers were exhausted. It is said that Taizong's horse was unable to bear the burden of the long journey. The horse stumbled and unexpectedly stepped out of a pool of gold and jade liquid. Taizong was overjoyed when he saw this and went to the soup pool to bathe in person. He also ordered the soldiers to rest, take a bath and collect dust. The sacred spring water washed away fatigue and boosted the morale of the army. Seeing this scene, Emperor Taizong climbed up to the pavilion on the island behind him, stared into the east and made a wish: "If I come back victorious from the Eastern Expedition, I will rebuild this pavilion to thank the divine spring." God fulfilled his wish, and the Eastern Expedition was a great victory. Taizong did not forget his promise, rebuilt the pavilion and named it "Praying Pavilion".
In front of the pavilion, there is a bronze statue of Tang Wang Li Shimin leaping on a horse. The bronze statue stands on a stone platform. The stone platform is about 2 meters high, 3 meters long and 1.5 meters wide. In front of the stone platform are engraved four words "Bath Statue of the King of Tang Dynasty". The horse statue of the King of Tang on the stone throne is in proportion to the real horse. The King of Tang faces the east, with firm eyes and a resolute face. The horse's mouth and nose are stretched open, its tendons are fully exposed, and the entire bronze statue is lifelike. The villa was built in the early 1920s. Longquan Villa is built to the west of a larger spring. It is said that this villa was built by Zhang Zuolin, the then Northeast military and political leader, for his third concubine.
Zhang Zuolin is originally from Haicheng, Liaoning, which is only 30 kilometers away from Tanggangzi Hot Spring. Zhang Zuolin had heard about Tanggangzi Hot Spring when he was young. Therefore, after he became successful, he built this villa for his family here for their family to rest and vacation. General Zhang Xueliang and Nai Fu both loved Chinese-style buildings. Whether they were building villas or mansions, they were basically Chinese-style buildings. For example, the Marshal's Mansion built by Zhang and his son in Shenyang and the Marshal's Forest built by General Zhang Xueliang for his father in Fushun are both standard Chinese-style buildings.
Longquan Villa is such a building with a very obvious Chinese architectural style. The villa has a construction area of ??1,370 square meters and faces south. It is a Chinese-style hilltop building with a third floor and a brick and wood structure. The roof is made of black gray tube tiles. The three-story main ridges are all built in the flower cave style, and the ends of the ridges are decorated with dragon tail kisses. The vertical ridges on each level are sculpted with vertical animals, and the cornice ridges are sculpted with walking animals. There is a skylight on the gable wall, and there are two mountain ridges. The ridges under the hanging eaves are decorated with colorful waterproof paint. The main wall is made of blue bricks. On the west side of the building, there is a one-story wing room with green bricks and blue tiles on the two slopes of the cantilevered hill. There is a long corridor in the main wall on the east side, and there are seven rooms of 11.2 square meters on the west side. The main building has 28 rooms. There is a small main hall upon entering the main entrance, opposite are the stairs leading to the upper floors, and the east-west corridors. There are rooms on the south side. The decoration facilities of the rooms are ordinary plastered white walls and wooden floors. Among the 28 rooms, 10 are ordinary rooms, and the other 10 are higher-end rooms, used to receive Chinese employees and officials of the "Manchuria Railway".