A person's surname is a sign and symbol that represents a person's family blood relationship. It originated from the name of a tribe or the name of a tribal leader. Each of us has our own surname, passed down from generation to generation. Some people can tell their status from their surname. So, in the Buyi culture, what are the main surnames of the Buyi people?
A long time ago, the Buyi people themselves did not have a surname. Married adults: men are called "hold" and women are called "ya"; young unmarried men are called "vangz" and women are called "buy"; underage children are called "xuanix". The origin of surnames is far away Before the generation genealogy, the surnames of the Buyi people often appeared in groups, such as Li, Mo, Guo, Bai, Meng, etc. in Dushan and Libo areas. Qin, Yu and other surnames; Lu, Mo, Wei, Yang, Zhao, Suo, Tang, Li and other surnames in Duyun and Pingtang areas; Chen, Ban, Long and Dong in Guiyang, Huishui, Guiding and Longli areas , Wei, Wang, Luo, Huang, Mo and other surnames; Han, Bai, Guo, Long and other surnames in Anshun and Pingba areas; Wang, Huang and Lu in Luodian, Wangmo, Ceheng, Zhenfeng and Anlong areas , Luo, Cen, Wei, Meng, Liang and other surnames; Wu, Wei, Lu, Ma, Luo and other surnames in Zhenning, Guanling, Liuzhi and Ziyun areas reflect the Buyi people's characteristics of "living in groups".
According to the genealogical records of each surname, the migration of ancestral homes, allusions and legends, it can be roughly divided into three types: 1. The continuation of Han surnames; 2. The use of things as objects. 3. Imitation of surnames
1. The extension of Han surnames has one thing in common, that is: "Han father Yi". "Mother". "Yi" - the Buyi people generally believe that they are their own nation and are indigenous people. "Han" refers to Han people (foreign nationalities). "Han father and Yi mother" means that the ancestor's grandfather is a foreign Han, and his grandmother They are the indigenous people here. For example: Partridge Garden: "Cen Family Genealogy" records: "Cen's surname is Ji, and he is a descendant of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty. After the enfeoffment, he was given the surname Cen."
< p> During the reign of Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty, Cen Peng was a general in the imperial court. He led troops to fight in Kunyang and achieved great military exploits. Cen Peng later entered Zhejiang and arrived in Guizhou in the late Yuan Dynasty. The genealogy of the ancestor of Cen Peng’s arrival in Xingren states: “Qiyuan Gongzhi. When he was fifty years old and had no descendants, his brother Qi Degong said: "This place is full of barbarians and it is difficult to marry a concubine. How about marrying a barbarian and inheriting cigarettes?" Qi Yuangong laughed and agreed. He married Lu. The surname is the concubine... This surname is an extension of the Han surname.
2. There is another way of saying that the surname of Wang is different from other surnames of Wang. Wang originally had no surname, and middle-aged men and above were all called "Cao", and everyone was called "Cao". The surname Wang came into being during the war years in ancient times, when enemy troops invaded the country and ethnic minorities suffered. In order to survive, at that time. A dozen people took a boat to cross the river to seek refuge. None of the people on the boat had surnames. People with no surnames were discriminated against by the Han people. The elders on the boat suggested that we all had no surnames and should have surnames to prevent unexpected events.
< p> Everyone responded that there were sheep on the boat at that time. Everyone agreed that the surname should be sheep. Some people suggested that it was not appropriate for everyone to have the same surname. Some people asked that the character "sheep" be cut off and the tail should be discarded, so the surname Wang was born. The two surnames Wang and Sheep were given. Later, the surname Wang could choose one of the characters "Sheep" and "Wang" as the surname, and the two surnames "Sheep" and "Wang" could be related. If the surname is changed to "Yang", the surname Yang can also be related to the surnames of Yang and Wang; the surnames of Yu, Lu, Lu, Wei and He are all based on Wu.
3. Follow the example of the surname. Due to ancient historical reasons, there were ethnic migrations, ethnic discrimination, and the continuous integration of foreign ethnic groups and indigenous peoples, which led to the emergence of Buyi surnames that continued to use Han surnames and surnames based on things. Despite this, a considerable number of people still do not have surnames. . However, the emergence of surnames has greatly promoted political, economic and cultural exchanges between ethnic groups, and the Buyi people have been increasingly influenced by Han culture.
Submission to the imperial court has become a political situation that has become the general trend. Following this, the situation of Buyi people learning from Han people to govern local areas has basically formed a pattern. Therefore, families without surnames followed suit and established surnames. There are not many surnames of the Buyi people in and around Xingren. So far, there are only more than 20 surnames of the Buyi people in Xingren County.
Except for the surnames that continue to use Chinese surnames, which contain the historical meaning of Chinese characters, others generally do not contain the original meaning of Chinese characters.
For example, Wang, Sheep, Yu, Lu, Lu, Wei, He, Liang, Ai, Xie, etc. Wang means sheep, Yu means fish, Lu and Wei means reed, He means river, Liang means umbrella, and moxa means artemisia. The meaning of branches is the meaning of Xiehan Yingpan.
In the past, because the Buyi people only had a language but no written characters, they did not pay much attention to the meaning of the characters in their surnames and surnames. The characters used in their surnames were the same as those commonly used in surnames, and most of them only emphasized the accent. righteous. By the Ming Dynasty, Buyi people generally had surnames, which is how the Buyi surname came into being.