New naming regulations/Html/Article/qmzs/524.html
Now some policies and regulations need to be voted by the National People’s Congress deputies before they can be promulgated and implemented. The voting power is in their hands. If If you have any complaints, you can make suggestions to them.
Attachment: Rights and Obligations of National People’s Congress Deputies
In order to enable National People’s Congress deputies to perform their duties of exercising power on behalf of the people, the relevant laws of our country’s Constitution have given the National People’s Congress deputies the rights they should enjoy and must perform obligations.
(1) Rights of deputies to the National People’s Congress
1. The right to deliberate. Deliberation is an activity to discuss, express opinions, express intentions and positions, affirm, deny or propose modifications to various reports and proposals included on the agenda of the meeting. At the meetings of the People’s Congress, deputies participate in the review of the work reports of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, the government, the courts and the procuratorate, review and approve the national economic and social development plans and reports on the implementation of the plans, the national budget and the reports on the implementation of the budget. They are deputies. The important responsibility of participating in the decision-making of national affairs is also an important aspect of exercising the right of representation. Representatives should, in the spirit of being responsible for the people, affirm achievements in reports and motions realistically, point out problems, and propose revisions.
2. Right to propose. When the People's Congress legislates and decides on major issues, it generally goes through the procedures of proposing bills, reviewing bills, voting on bills, and promulgating laws (regulations) and decisions and resolutions. Among them, proposing a motion is the prerequisite for deliberation and decision-making. In addition to stipulating that relevant state agencies and the National People's Congress have the right to propose proposals, the law also stipulates that deputies have the right to jointly propose proposals to organize a committee to investigate specific issues.
3. Voting rights. Voting refers to the behavior in which representatives clearly express their approval or disapproval when the congress passes reports and motions and decides on relevant matters, and the results are determined by legal standards. Voting rights refer to the rights of representatives to express various wishes (including approval, opposition or abstention) on reports and proposals submitted for voting and related matters. The exercise of voting rights will directly produce legal consequences and is the direct basis for the voting results. According to the rules of procedure of the National People's Congress, a majority of all deputies is the standard for measuring whether a bill is passed. There are only two types of issues where decisions are more stringent than the majority standard: First, when amending the constitution, the adoption of constitutional amendments requires the approval of more than two-thirds of all representatives. Second, when the term of the National People's Congress expires, if there are extraordinary circumstances that make it impossible to hold an election, it may decide to postpone the election and extend the term of the current NPC. The decision to extend the term must be approved by more than two-thirds of the members of the Standing Committee.
Participating in voting is an important part of the rights of deputies to the National People’s Congress. Deputies to the National People's Congress should cherish this right and "cast their sacred vote." First, actively participate in voting. Since voting adopts the absolute majority principle, that is, the standard for passing a motion is "a majority of all representatives" rather than "a majority of the representatives present". On the surface, not participating in the vote is neither approval nor objection, but in determining the voting result, It has the same effect as voting against. The more people who do not participate in voting, the more difficult it will be to reach the legal number of votes required to pass the bill, and it will even hinder the passage of the bill. Second, when representatives exercise their voting rights, they must fully reflect the opinions of voters or electoral units. At the same time, they must keep the overall situation in mind, consider issues from the interests of all people, and properly handle the relationship between local interests and overall interests.
4. Right of inquiry and questioning. Inquiries and inquiries are forms of supervision by state power agencies over administrative agencies, judicial agencies and procuratorial agencies. During the National People's Congress session, deputies to the National People's Congress may raise inquiries on relevant issues to the people's government at the same level, the People's Court and the People's Procuratorate; deputies to the National People's Congress have the right to raise inquiries to ministries and commissions of the State Council, the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate; Deputies to local people's congresses have the right to submit inquiries to the people's government at the same level and its affiliated departments, people's courts and procuratorates; deputies to the township-level people's congress have the right to submit inquiries to the people's government at the same level. The similarity between interrogation and interrogation is that it requires administrative agencies and judicial agencies to answer questions and explain the situation in the form of questions, which means to inquire and understand. The difference is that the questioning method is more serious and now involves a certain degree of criticism and accountability; questioning has legal procedures and must be conducted in accordance with the procedures.
During the National People's Congress session, a delegation or more than 30 deputies, and during the local People's Congress meetings at all levels, more than 10 people's congress deputies jointly may submit an inquiry; the inquiry must be in writing, stating the questions and content of the inquiry. ; The inquiry will be submitted to the presidium for decision and the agency being questioned will respond. Depending on the circumstances, the reply may be given at a meeting of the presidium, special committee or delegation; if the representative is not satisfied with the reply, the agency being questioned shall reply again.
5. The right to vote. The right to vote refers to the right of representatives to participate in the selection of leaders and other personnel of state organs. The leaders of state organs elected by the National People's Congress include: the President, Vice Presidents, members of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, Chairman of the Central Military Commission, President of the Supreme People's Court, and Inspector General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate. Based on the nomination of the President of the State, the candidate for the Prime Minister of the State Council is decided; based on the nomination of the Premier of the State Council, the candidate for the Vice Premier, State Councilor, ministers, committee directors, auditor general, and secretary-general of the State Council is decided; based on the nomination of the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, the candidate of the Central Military Commission is decided Selection of other members of the committee. Local people's congresses at or above the county level elect members of the standing committee of the people's congress at the corresponding level, including governors and deputy governors, chairman and vice-chairman of autonomous regions, mayors, deputy mayors, governors, deputy governors, county heads, The deputy county magistrate, district magistrate, deputy district magistrate, president of the people's court at the same level and the chief prosecutor of the people's procuratorate. The chief prosecutor must report to the procurator-general of the procuratorate at the next higher level for approval by the Standing Committee of the People's Congress at that level. The people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships and towns elect the chairman and vice-chairmen of the people's congress, the township chief, deputy township chiefs, the town mayor and the deputy town mayor. In elections to the National People's Congress, candidates are nominated by the presidium. In the elections of local people's congresses at all levels, candidates are jointly nominated by the presidium and deputies to the people's congresses at all levels, and differential elections are implemented.
6. Right of removal. Removal refers to the legal act of removing relevant staff members of state organs who are elected and appointed from their posts before the expiration of their term of office. The scope of removal is roughly the same as that of elected and appointed state agency staff. Removing state agency staff is the most stringent supervision method among the various supervision methods of the National People's Congress, and it is also the last supervisory measure. Therefore, to implement the recall, we must adopt a serious and prudent policy and strictly control the procedures. It is necessary to remove those who have violated the law and neglected their duties and lost the trust of the people in accordance with the law and ensure that deputies to the National People's Congress exercise their power of recall in accordance with the law. We should also insist on "taking a prudent attitude in dealing with people." In order to reflect these spirits, the law has relatively strict provisions on the recall procedure. At the National People's Congress, only the presidium, three delegations or more than one-tenth of the representatives have the right to propose a recall case. The recall proposal shall be submitted in writing during the congress, and the object and reasons for the recall shall be stated. The presidium of the congress may propose it to the general assembly for deliberation and then be voted on by the plenary session of the congress; or it may be proposed by the presidium and decided by the plenary session to organize a special issue investigation committee, and the next meeting of the people's congress at the same level will review and decide based on the report of the investigation committee. Before the removal case is submitted to the plenary session of the General Assembly for voting, the person being recalled may make a defense at the presidium meeting or the plenary session of the General Assembly.
7. The right to make suggestions and criticize. Suggestions, criticisms and opinions of people's congress deputies are the general term for the views and opinions on various aspects of work put forward by deputies to the people's congress at the same level or its standing committee. Representatives make suggestions, criticisms and opinions on various aspects of work, which is the main form of urging state agencies and their staff to contact the masses and improve their work. Representative suggestions, criticisms and opinions can be submitted individually, during the conference session, or between sessions of the conference.
8. The right of deputies to the National People’s Congress to carry out activities during inter-session periods. A representative’s work during meetings and inter-sessional activities are all part of the performance of his duties as a representative. The Organic Law of the National People's Congress, the Local Organic Law and the Representative Law not only stipulate the work and rights of deputies during the Congress meetings, but also stipulate the rights of activities between the Congress meetings. Intersessional activities are an extension of the activities during the General Assembly session, and are also the basis and conditions for the work to be carried out during the General Assembly session.
The activities of deputies stipulated by law during the intersessional period of the Congress are multi-faceted, among which they mainly participate in inspections and special investigations, participate in law enforcement inspections upon invitation, attend relevant meetings, and make suggestions, criticisms and comments on various aspects of work. Opinions etc.
(2) Obligations of National People’s Congress deputies
1. Exemplarily abide by the constitution and laws. The governance strategy of “ruling the country according to law and building a socialist country ruled by law” has been solemnly enshrined in the Constitution.
The basic characteristics of a country governed by the rule of law are that the constitution and laws have extremely high authority and dignity, insisting that everyone is equal before the law, and that no person or organization has any privileges beyond the law. Our country has nearly 2.9 million deputies to the National and local People’s Congresses at all levels. Many of them are direct participants in legislation and the backbone of building a country governed by the rule of law. They have an unshirkable duty to abide by the Constitution and laws as an example, take the lead in publicizing and enforcing laws, and participate in the production activities they participate in. Assist in the implementation of the Constitution and laws in , work and social activities. The exemplary role of deputies to the National People's Congress in this regard is of far-reaching significance for forming a universal awareness of the rule of law in the whole society, promoting the process of governing the country according to law, and ensuring the country's long-term peace and stability.
2. Keep state secrets. State secrets are matters that are related to the security and interests of the country, are determined in accordance with legal procedures, and are limited to persons within a certain range within a certain period of time. Mainly: (1) secret matters in major decision-making on national affairs; (2) secret matters in national defense construction and armed forces activities; (3) secret matters in diplomacy and foreign affairs activities; (4) secret matters in national economic and social development (5) Secret matters in science and technology; (6) Secret matters in safeguarding national security activities and investigating criminal crimes; (7) Other national secret matters that should be kept as determined by the national confidentiality department. Since these state secrets are directly related to the security and interests of the country, the law stipulates that all state agencies, armed forces, political parties, social groups, enterprises, institutions, and citizens have the obligation to keep state secrets. Deputies to the National People's Congress come from all aspects of society. First, a considerable number of people are exposed to the above-mentioned various state secrets. Second, when deputies participate in decision-making on national affairs, they will also understand and master certain state secrets. As members of state power organs, deputies to the National People's Congress shall strictly keep state secrets and abide by the confidentiality system as an example. For example, they shall not disclose state secrets in private interactions and correspondence; carry documents, materials and other items belonging to state secrets when going out; and shall not violate relevant laws and regulations. Confidentiality regulations; do not discuss state secrets in public places, etc.
3. Contact the masses. The people entrust their wishes and demands to their representatives, who then reflect these wishes and demands to the state power organs. Representatives must have close contact with the masses in order to truly understand social conditions and public opinion, understand the people's wishes, and exercise their rights for the people. Only by having close contact with the masses can representatives put themselves under the supervision of the masses, gain motivation for their work, and enhance their sense of responsibility for their work. To this end, the Constitution and relevant laws stipulate that deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at all levels should maintain close contact with the voters in the original constituency or the people of the original electoral unit, listen to and reflect their opinions and demands, and strive to serve the people.
4. Attend meetings of the People’s Congress. Representatives are envoys appointed by the people to organs of power. It is the sacred right and legal obligation of representatives to attend meetings of the People's Congress and participate in the review of various reports and proposals. They cannot be vacant without reason. The Representation Law stipulates that deputies shall attend meetings of the People’s Congress at the same level and exercise their powers in accordance with the law. "If a representative fails to attend two meetings of the People's Congress at the same level without approval," his representative qualifications will be terminated. Similarly, if a representative is indifferent to the bills being considered by the National People's Congress and fails to vote during elections and voting on bills, it will also be a dereliction of duty.