some people think that the 24 solar terms are subordinate to the lunar calendar, but in fact, they are defined according to the solar calendar. That is, according to the position of the sun on the ecliptic, a year is divided into 24 equal paragraphs. That is to say, the ecliptic is divided into 24 equal parts, each of which accounts for 15 degrees of the ecliptic. Because the time required for the sun to pass through each equal portion is almost equal, the Gregorian calendar dates of the 24 solar terms are roughly the same every year: the first half of the year is around the 6th and 21st, and the second half is around the 8th and 23rd. And there are two formulas:
six or twenty-one in the first half of the year, and eight or twenty-three in the second half of the year.
In ancient times, solar terms were called "qi", and there were two qi in each month: the former was called "solar terms" and the latter was called "neutral qi". The monthly distribution of the 24 solar terms is shown in the following table, which is closely related to the arrangement of the lunar leap month. In the lunar calendar, beginning of spring is the first of the 24 solar terms. The names of the twenty-four solar terms were named after the places referred to by Dougang and the natural climate and landscape at that time. The so-called Dougang means that the three stars of the Big Dipper, Kui, Heng and Yu, point in different directions and positions with the movement of celestial bodies, and the position they refer to is the month they represent. For example, the first month is Yin, the spoon refers to Yin at dusk, the middle of the night refers to Yin, and the daytime refers to Yin; February is the base, the dipper at dusk refers to the base, the balance at midnight refers to the base, the chief refers to the base during the day, and so on in the rest of the months.
the beginning of spring (1st solar $ TERM) Feb. 3, 4, or 5 in beginning of spring
Rainwater (2nd solar $ TERM) Feb. 18, 19 or 2
the awakening of inserts (3rd solar term) Mar. 5, 6, or 7
the spring equinox (4th solar term) Mar. 2, 21 or 22
Qingming Pure Brightness (5th solar $ TERM) Apr. 4,5 or6
Grain Rain Grain Rain (6th solar $ TERM) Apr. 19, 2 or 21
long summer the beginning of summer (7th solar $ TERM) May5,6 or7
Xiaoman Lesser Fullness of Grain (8th solar $ TERM) May2, 21 or 22
grain in beard (9th solar $ TERM) jun.5, 6 or 7
The summer solstice (1th solar term) jun.21 or 22
Little summer heat (11th solar term) jul.6, 7 or 8
great heat (12th solar $ TERM) jul.22, 23 or 24
beginning of autumn the beginning of autumn (13th solar $ TERM) aug.7, 8 or 9
The end of heat (14th solar $ TERM) aug.22,23 or24
White Dew (15th solar $ TERM) sep.7, 8 or 9
The autumn equinox (16th solar term) sep.22,23 or24
Cold Dew (17th solar term) Oct.8 or9
first frost Frost\ S descent (18th solar $ TERM) Oct. 23 or 24
beginning of winter The Beginning of Winter (19th solar $ TERM) Nov. 7 or 8
Little Snow (2th solar $ TERM) Nov.22 or 23
Heavy snow (21th solar $ TERM) Dec.6,7 or 8
Winter Solstice (22th solar $ TERM) Dec.21, 22 or 23
slight cold (23rd solar $ TERM) Jan.5, 6 or 7
great cold (24th solar $ TERM) Jan.2 or 2
(1)
Spring rain surprises spring and clears the valley, summer is full, summer is summer and summer is summer, and frost falls in autumn. It snows in winter, it snows in winter and it's chilly in winter
There is no change in two festivals every month, with a difference of one or two days at most
In the first half of the year, it comes to June 21st, and in the second half of the year, it comes to August 23rd
(2)
Plum blossoms in the West Garden come first in beginning of spring, and it rains in Yunxiao Town.
When you are startled, you will cross the river at the beginning, and the butterfly will dream of flowers at the vernal equinox.
It's good to fly kites on Qingming Festival, and it's suitable to raise silkworms in Grain Rain West Chamber.
The peony long summer is littered with flowers, and the Hosta is small and full of flowers.
across the stream, the awn is planted with fishermen's music, and the farmland is cultivated during the summer solstice.
In the summer, I wear a white shirt, and I look at the river and sleep in the wind in the summer.
Sunflowers bloom in beginning of autumn, and cicadas are heard in the west wing in the summer.
The emerald garden is stained with the dew, and the autumn equinox turns the laurel into a beautiful moon.
The cold dew on the dry mountain surprised the swan goose, and the first frost Luhua Honggutan.
beginning of winter drank in the Kirin Pavilion and embroidered poems with light snow.
It's quiet and snowy, the red stove is warm, and the pipa is lazy to play on the winter solstice.
Xiao Han sleeps high in Handan dream, holding snow floating in the air and getting cold.
(3)
The plum blossoms in beginning of spring are particularly bright, and the rain apricot blossoms are fresh;
I was shocked by the thunder in Lulin, and butterflies danced among the flowers at the vernal equinox.
The Qingming kite is broken, Grain Rain has a tender tea and emerald company,
The mulberry fruit in long summer is like a cherry, and Xiaoman raises silkworms and cultivates fields.
Before the mango seedlings are put into the court, the summer solstice rice flowers are like white exercises;
The light summer wind urges early beans to ripen, and Chi Pan enjoys red lotus in the hot summer.
beginning of autumn knows how to make people sleep, and sunflower smiles in the summer;
the white dew geese return to the wild geese, and the osmanthus fragrance fills the garden in the autumn equinox.
cold dew vegetable seedlings are green in the field, and first frost reed flowers are floating all over the sky;
beginning of winter gave good news and three rewards, and the snow and goose feathers flew in pieces.
the snow is cold and the plum blossoms are crazy in the wind, and the winter solstice is full of snow.
A little cold wanderer is homesick, and a great cold celebrates his reunion at the end of the year.
(4) agricultural songs of the 24 solar terms climate
beginning of spring: Starting in the spring, sowing in the spring, preparing for ploughing, starting early, making a year's plan in the spring, and creating high and excellent agricultural production.
rain: rain and spring rain are as expensive as oil, which can prevent soil moisture from flowing, accumulate more fertilizer and thresh more grain, and select fine varieties to win a bumper harvest.
Sting: Sting in warm weather, the hibernating insects wake up, the winter wheat is suppressed to conserve moisture, and the cultivated land is raked and planted with spring wheat.
vernal equinox: there is more wind and less rain in the vernal equinox, when the land thaws, the spring tide begins, the rice fields are leveled and turned over early, and the winter wheat turns green and watered.
Qingming: The grass is green in Qingming Spring, when it is a good time to plant melons and beans, plant trees and plant beets, and raise rice seedlings.
Grain Rain: The snow and frost have not broken in Grain Rain, so don't delay sowing miscellaneous grains. When the family swallow comes back, it will drip water, and the nursery branches will be connected to the orchard.
long summer: The wheat seedlings in long summer are increasing day by day. Rice seedlings should be planted in flat fields, and soil moisture should be protected by intertillage weeding, and windproof in greenhouses should be well managed.
Xiaoman: Xiaoman is mild and spring-like, preventing aphids, wheat stalks and flies, dressing fertilizer in paddy fields to promote evil, and catching wool and shearing to prevent cold wind.
Miscanthus species: Miscanthus species have little rain and high temperature, and maize seedlings are interplanted and fixed, buckwheat in millet valley grabs the seeds for moisture, and weeding in paddy field is diligent.
summer solstice: the hail is fierce at the beginning of the summer solstice, and the seeds are selected by removing impurities, eliminating hail and increasing rain, and the corn is topdressing to prevent armyworm.
light summer: when the light summer comes into the dog days, Longkou grabs food and time, and corn cultivates the soil, so it's important to prevent rain and fire.
great summer: the heavy heat and rainstorm increase in great summer, multiple cropping of autumn vegetables will prevent floods, rice blast will be predicted frequently, and seedlings will be protected from low temperature in deep water.
beginning of autumn: It rains at the beginning of autumn in beginning of autumn, so as to prevent and control corn borer as early as possible, turn the soil into gold by deep ploughing, and pick the tree core by bud grafting in the nursery.
summer treatment: the summer treatment is beautiful in autumn, the main beet should be watered, the grain and vegetables should be managed frequently in the later stage, and the winter wheat should be prepared for seed fertilizer.
white dew: it is cold at night and hot during the day. It is a good season to sow winter wheat, irrigate rice and dry the fields to harvest sunflower, and early-maturing apples are busy picking.
autumnal equinox: it is getting colder in autumn, the rice is fragrant and fruity, and the autumn harvest is busy, and the grain is threshed to pay public grain, and the mountain area is protected from frost and weather.
cold dew: cold dew grass withers and wild geese fly south, potato beets are taken back, radish and cabbage are well managed, and straw is returned to the field for fertilization in autumn.
first frost: It is freezing and frosting in first frost, so it is necessary to turn over the soil moisture in autumn, irrigate winter water on the anti-freezing day, thresh and dry the grain to repair the granary.
beginning of winter: In beginning of winter, the frozen ground disappears in the daytime, the sheep and livestock pens are firmly repaired, the fields are cultivated and the channels are repaired, and the farmland construction is in full swing.
light snow: the first snow floats in the light snow field, and the young trees and grapes are buried quickly. Use the winter fallow to accumulate fertilizer, and the crops are not fat.
heavy snow: heavy snow and wax snow bode well for a bumper year. Diversified management will create high yield, timely harrow and protect soil moisture, and accumulate more fertilizers to find fertilizer sources.
winter solstice: the winter solstice is very cold for several nine days. Sheep and livestock should keep out the cold, actively participate in night technical schools, and increase production and harvest by scientific research.
slight cold: slight cold enters for three or nine days, celebrates New Year's Day with a bumper harvest, attends training classes in winter, and constantly sums up new experiences.
Great Cold: Although the great cold makes farmers happy, the policy of enriching the people can't be praised, and the contract for joint production will continue to work, and they will be happy for the next year.
(5) Song of the Hundred Centuries of the Solar Terms
It is said that a man is a man, and he plays the lion in the first month and the New Year.
in February, the silkworm eggs are scared and hugged, and in March, the Qingming grave floats.
In April, long summer planted rice seedlings, and in May, Duanyang ate zongzi.
In June, it is hot to buy fans, and in July, beginning of autumn burns fuzi.
in August, we celebrate the festival with sesame seeds, and in September, we catch bad seeds in Chongyang.
Wear coats in cold weather in October, and bake cages in winter months.
In the twelfth lunar month, I went around to hide from my master.
(6) Seven-character Poems of Twenty-four Solar Terms
The earth goes around the sun, and it takes one year to complete a circle.
A year is divided into December, and the twenty-four sections are closely connected.
according to the Gregorian calendar, the two gases will not change every month.
the first half of the year is June and 21st, and the second half is every August and 23rd.
these are the festivals, and the difference is only one or two days.
There are twenty-four verses in turn, and the following formulas are in mind:
A slight cold in January is followed by a severe cold, and it rains in beginning of spring in February;
The spring equinox is in March, and it is April in Qingming Grain Rain.
long summer and Xiaoman in May, and Summer Solstice Company in June;
July summer heat and July summer heat, beginning of autumn summer heat in August;
September is the white dew followed by the autumnal equinox, and first frost is full of cold dew in October;
It snows lightly in November in beginning of winter, and the winter solstice welcomes the new year with heavy snow.
pay close attention to busy production in the season, and plant crops in time to ensure a good harvest.
(7) The jingle of solar terms popular among farmers in Northeast China
The sun is turning in beginning of spring, the rain is along the river, the crows are screaming, the land is dry at the vernal equinox, the wheat is busy at Qingming, and Grain Rain is planting fields;
In long summer, the goose feathers live, the birds are full, the awn seeds are shoveled, and the cotton is not taken in the summer solstice. The summer heat is not hot, but it is dog days.
beginning of autumn was busy hitting Diandian. In the summer, he moved his knife and sickle, and the white dew smoke was put on the shelves. The autumn equinox did not produce fields, and the cold dew was not cold. The weather changed in first frost.
beginning of winter is in October, and the snowy land is sealed. On the stubble of heavy snow, boats are not allowed on the winter solstice, and the slight cold is near the twelfth month, and the severe cold lasts for a whole year.
(8) solar term song
was short of breath in the spring sun, and the rain
startled crows along the river. The land on the vernal equinox was dry
and wheat was busy in Qingming. Grain Rain planted a field
and long summer goose feather lived. Small birds came to all
and the awns were shoveled. No cotton was taken at the summer solstice.
It was not hot in the summer. The autumnal equinox does not produce fields
The cold dew is not cold, and the days in first frost have changed
October is in beginning of winter, the Xiaoxue River is strictly blocked
The snowy river is closed, and the boat is not allowed to sail on the winter solstice
It's a slight cold and a severe cold for another year
(9)
The awn seeds burn the sky, and the summer solstice rains repeatedly.