What do Japanese usually call China people by their names?

Zhina is a disparaging name for China by Japanese invaders in modern times. After the defeat of the Qing government in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, China was regarded as a Japanese for a long time, and he was greatly intoxicated when he was shocked. From then on, the word "zhina" began to show the contempt of winners for losers in Japan. 19 13 years, agreed that the Japanese government would call China "zhina" in the future. This aroused the anger of many people in China. 1930, the national government also informed Japan that if Japanese official documents used the words "zhina", the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China could categorically refuse to accept them. Until Japan's defeat, at the request of the China delegation, the Supreme Command of the Allies confirmed that the name "zhina" was offensive after investigation, so in 1946, it ordered the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs not to use "zhina" to call China again.

Zhina originated in India. China was called "chini" in ancient India, which is said to be a transliteration of "Qin". After China introduced Sanskrit Buddhist scriptures from India, he wanted to translate them into Chinese, so the monk translated chini into "zhina" according to transliteration. Ancient Rome, also an Indo-European language family, called China Sinoa. Later, China in English and Chine in French all came from this etymology.

"zhina", Portuguese, Dutch, German, China in English and Chinese in French all come from Sanskrit ci na-stha na, which has been recognized by academic circles. In ancient Greece, Rome and other countries, in addition to Serice, there are also Sin, Thin, or Sinai, Thin, which are homologous to zhina.

1, before the Meiji Restoration, few Japanese used the word "zhina" to address China. The common titles of China in Japanese books are Han, Han Tu, Tang Tu, Middle Earth and China, or China is called by the name of the corresponding dynasty, such as Sui. After the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese angrily said that China was "China among the four barbarians". In order to cultivate Yamato's sense of superiority, they changed their long-standing name for China to "zhina".