The picture shows the portrait of Liu Bei in Yan Liben's "The Emperors of Past Dynasties", which is the most objective version in the world.
At the end of the Han Emperor Ling in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Bei entered the political stage at the end of the Han Dynasty because of his active crusade against the Yellow Scarf Army, and Zhuge Liang assisted him only after three visits to the thatched cottage.
In the 13th year of Jian 'an in Han Dynasty (28), Zhou Yu and others defeated Cao Cao in Chibi, and then they won five counties in Jingzhou and Yizhou. After seizing Hanzhong and repelling Cao Cao, Liu Bei became the king of Hanzhong in July of the 24th year of Jian 'an (AD 219).
In the second year of Wei and Huang Dynasty (221), Cao Pi had forced Emperor Xiandi to abdicate in October 22, and it was rumored in Shu that Emperor Xiandi had been killed. In order to continue the history of the Han Dynasty, revitalize the Han Dynasty and complete his own hegemony, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Wudan South, Chengdu, with the title Zhangwu. In order to recapture Jingzhou, Dongwu was cut down the following year. As a result, it was burned to the camp and suffered heavy losses. It retreated to Baidicheng to entrust an orphan.
Zhang Wu died of illness in the third year (222), at the age of 63, Emperor Zhaolie of posthumous title. Because Liu Bei was the uncle of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, he was later called Liu Huangshu.
According to the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Liu Bei is seven feet five inches (172.5cm) tall with his hands over his knees and his ears hanging over his shoulders. In the book, he was shaped by the author as a caring person, a corporal of courtesy and virtue, and a man of lofty ideals who knows people and is good at their duties. In fact, Liu Bei in history is not like this. But the real Liu Bei in history is indeed benevolent and touching.
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Liu Bei is the son of Liu Hong after Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan Jing in the Western Han Dynasty. When her father died in her early years, her mother made a living selling shoes and weaving mats. At the age of fifteen, he studied under the guidance of Lu Zhi, a contemporary scholar, and got to know Gongsun Zan. However, Liu Bei doesn't like reading, but only likes to wear colorful clothes, play with dogs and horses all day, and enjoy singing and drinking. He is usually taciturn and often treats others with humility and respect, but his feelings are rarely revealed. Many young people are attached to him because they like to associate with heroes and rangers.
In the first year of Zhongping, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty (184), the Yellow Scarf Uprising broke out, and Liu Bei was made the county commandant of Anxi County for his meritorious service in suppressing the rebel army. Later, the court ordered that anyone who became an official because of military achievements should be selected to eliminate filth. The county Du You went to Anxi to dismiss Liu Bei. After Liu Bei learned the news, he went to the post office where Du You stayed. Du You said that he refused to see Liu Bei, and Liu Bei was furious and bound Du You.
Later, General He Jin sent Wu Qiuyi to Danyang to recruit soldiers, and Liu Bei also joined him on the way. When he went to Xiapi, he made meritorious deeds and served as Xiami County Cheng, and soon resigned. Later, he served as Gao Tangwei and Gao Tangling. Soon gaotang county was attacked by thieves, and Liu Bei went to Gongsun Zan, where he was named as another Sima.
In the second year of Emperor Xiandi's Chu Ping (191), Liu Bei and Tian Kai, the secretariat of Qingzhou, fought against Yuan Shao, a priest in Jizhou, and he was appointed as the agent of the county magistrate of Pingyuan county because of his repeated meritorious service.
Liu Bei, who defends himself against thieves and bandits, is charitable at home. Even ordinary people who are not scholars can sit at the same table with him and eat with him, without being selective. It is said that Ping Liu, a county citizen, disobeyed Liu Bei's governance and instigated an assassin to assassinate him. Liu Bei didn't know anything about it, and he was very polite to the assassin. The assassin was deeply moved and couldn't bear to kill Liu Bei, so he confessed the truth and left. At that time, Guan Hai, the figurehead of the Yellow turban insurrectionary, led all the troops to attack the North Sea, and Kong Rong, the phase of the North Sea, was surrounded by a large army. In a critical situation, he sent Taishi Ci to break through and ask Liu Bei for help. Liu Bei replied in surprise: "Beihai Xiang Kong Rong actually knows that there is Liu Bei in the world!" Immediately sent three thousand soldiers with Taishi Ci to the North Sea for rescue. When the Yellow Scarf Army heard that reinforcements had arrived, they all scattered and fled, and Kong Rong was able to clear them one by one. After Yuan Shao attacked Gongsun Zan, Liu Bei and Tian Jiedong joined forces.
In the first year of Xingping (194), Cao Cao attacked Xuzhou again on the pretext of revenge for his father. Tao Qian, a herdsman in Xuzhou, could not resist, and asked Tian Kai, the secretariat of Qingzhou, for help. Liu Bei was rescued from Tian Kai by more than a thousand people in his headquarters, and was also defeated by Cao Cao. Just then Zhang Miao and Chen Gong rebelled against Lu Bu, and Cao Cao's base fell, so they returned to Yanzhou. Tao Qian made Liu Bei the secretariat of Yuzhou, and sent him to Xiaopei.
in the second year of Xingping (195), Tao Qian died and ordered Xuzhou to be handed over to Liu Bei. Liu Bei won the support of Mi Zhu, Chen Deng, Kong Rong and others, so he led Xuzhou Pastoral. At this time, Lu Bu was defeated by Cao Cao to take refuge, and Liu Bei treated him kindly and let him stay in Xiaopei.
in the first year of Jian' an (196), Cao Cao named Liu Bei as the general of the town east, and made him the Tinghou of Yicheng. Yuan Shu led an army to attack Xuzhou, and Liu Bei met him. The two armies were at loggerheads in Xuyi and Huaiyin. At this time, Lu Bu attacked Xiapi. When Liu Bei returned to the army, the army broke up halfway, but he took the rest of the army and took Guangling from the east. He was defeated by Yuan Shu and transferred to Haixi, so he was extremely difficult. He had to engage in Mi Zhu in the East China Sea to help the army with family wealth. So he asked Lu Bu for peace, and Lu Bu asked Liu Bei to station troops in Xiaopei. Later, Yuan Shu sent Ji Ling to attack Xiaopei with 3, troops, and Lu Bu also knew that his lips were dead and his teeth were cold, so he used "Yuanmen to shoot halberds" to make the two families stop fighting. Soon, Liu Bei once again recruited an army of more than 1, people, and Lu Bu hated it, so he led an army to attack Xiao Pei. Liu Bei was defeated and went to Xudu to go to Cao Cao. Cao Cao indicated that Liu Bei was a shepherd in Yuzhou, which benefited his soldiers and gave him food and grass for him to cultivate the land. Later people called Liu Bei "Liu Yuzhou".
In the third year of Jian 'an (198), Lu Bu sent Gao Shun and Zhang Liao to attack Liu Bei. Although Cao Cao sent Xiahou Dun to rescue him, he was defeated. Peicheng was finally breached, and Liu Bei's wife was taken captive and fled alone. Liu Bei met Cao Cao in the state of Liang, so he joined forces with Cao Cao to attack Lu Bu. After Lu Bu surrendered, Liu Beili advised Cao Cao to kill Lu Bu. Later, Liu Bei and Cao Cao returned to Xudu and were listed as left generals.
in the fourth year of Jian' an (199), Dong, the general riding a chariot, accepted the imperial edict of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, but Liu Bei did not dare to join at first. Later, Cao Cao and Liu Bei "talked about heroes by cooking wine", and Cao Cao said to Liu Bei: "Today's heroes in the world only make the monarch and fuck his ears. There are not enough people at the beginning. " Liu Bei was frightened and his chopsticks fell. After this, Liu Bei knew that Cao Cao could not tolerate himself, so he conspired with Dong Cheng and others. At that time, Cao Cao sent Liu Bei to attack Yuan Shu with Zhu Ling. Later, Liu Bei marched into Xiapi, killed Che Zhou, the secretariat of Xuzhou, and left Guan Yu to guard Xiapi, doing satrap, but he was still small. In the East China Sea, Chang Yi and other counties and counties were mostly from Liu Bei, and Liu Bei had tens of thousands of soldiers, so he joined Yuan Shao in the north to fight against Cao Cao. Cao Cao sent SiKongChangShi Peiguo Liu Dai and corps commander FuFeng Zhong Wang to attack, which was repelled by Liu Bei.
in the spring of the fifth year of Jian' an (2), the imperial edict was issued. Cao Cao decided to personally crusade against Liu Bei. Although most generals in Cao Jun thought that Yuan Shao was the enemy, Cao Cao thought that Liu Bei was a hero and needed to crusade first. Guo Jia also agreed with Cao Cao. Liu Bei was defeated and went to Yuan Shao. In autumn and July, Liu Pi, the leader of Runa Yellow Scarf Army, defected to Yuan Shao. Yuan Shao led Liu Bei to help him, and was soon defeated by Coss. Liu Bei returned to Yuan Shao, led his troops back to Runa on the grounds of linking Liu Biao, and joined forces with Gong Dou, the figurehead of the Yellow Scarf, to slay Cai Yang, the general sent by Cao Cao to quell the chaos.
in the sixth year of Jian' an (21), Cao Cao personally crusaded against Liu Bei, and Liu Bei voted for Liu Biao. Liu Biao personally went to the suburbs to meet Liu Bei, and was treated as a guest of honor, so he stayed in Xinye.
in the seventh year of Jian' an (22), Liu Biao ordered Liu Bei to lead an army north to Yexian, where Xiahou Dun, Yu Jin and Li Dian led troops to resist. Liu Bei pretended to retreat and set an ambush. Li Dian felt that there was fraud but advised him. Xiahou Dun didn't listen and was defeated by Liu Bei. Fortunately, Li Dian arrived in time. Liu Bei had too little military strength and knew that the stalemate would not take advantage, so he retired. After several years in Jingzhou, Liu Bei felt that he was getting old and his career had not been built, so he had a "sigh of beard".
in the twelfth year of Jian' an (27), Liu Bei proposed to Liu Biao that he should sneak attack Xu Du while Cao Cao was attacking Wuhuan, but Liu Biao did not adopt it. Liu Bei went to Longzhong to visit Zhuge Liang. After three visits to the thatched cottage, Zhuge Liang presented Liu Bei with a longzhong pair.
in the 13th year of Jian' an (28), Liu Biao died of illness, and Cao Cao led his army south. Liu Biao's second son, Liu Cong, surrendered to Cao Cao, and his eldest son, Liu Qi, joined forces with Liu Bei. When Liu Bei withdrew from Xinye to Jiangxia and passed Xiangyang, many Jingzhou scholars took refuge in Liu Bei. Some people persuaded Liu Bei to abandon them and go forward on a light ride, but Liu Bei said, "People must be the foundation of the great things, and today's people belong to me. How can I bear to abandon them!" When I arrived in Dangyang, there were more than ten people, thousands of vehicles in the trench, and I traveled for more than ten miles every day. I was chased by Cao Jun and was defeated by Nagano. At this time, I happened to meet Lu Su who came to spy on information and persuaded Liu Bei to unite with Sun Quan to fight against Cao Cao. Liu Bei then turned from Hanjin Port to Xiakou and sent Zhuge Liang to Soochow alone to lobby against Cao. Sun Quan, with Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu as the control, led 3, overseers and joined forces with Liu Bei to defeat Cao Jun in Chibi and catch up with Jiangling. Liu Bei took Liu Qi as the secretariat of Jingzhou, quickly captured four counties in the south of Jingnan, and besieged Coss in Jiangling with Zhou Yu. At this time, Lu Jiang Lei Xu led tens of thousands of people to Liu Bei, which greatly increased Liu Bei's strength.
in the 14th year of Jian' an (29), Liu Qi died, and Liu Bei was elected as Jingzhou Pastor. Sun Quan was a little afraid of Liu Bei and married his sister to Liu Bei.
In the 15th year of Jian 'an (21), Zhou Yu, who had a tough attitude, died in Baqiu. Sun Quan wanted Liu Bei to block Cao Jun for himself, so he lent Nanjun to Liu Bei at the suggestion of Lu Su.
in the sixteenth year of Jian' an (211), Liu Zhang listened to Zhang Song's suggestion and sent Fazheng to invite Liu Bei to Sichuan to help him deal with Zhang Lu. Fazheng and Pang Tong persuaded Liu Bei to seek profit. Liu Bei left Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and others to guard Jingzhou, and went to Shu with tens of thousands of soldiers to meet Liu Zhang in Fucheng. During this period, Zhang Song, Fazheng and Pang Tong all advised Liu Bei to attack and kill Liu Zhang, but Liu Bei refused on the grounds that he had just arrived in Shu and was unconvinced. Liu Zhang recommended Liu Bei to be the agent of Fu, to be a captain of the official department, to be rationed to Liu Bei's soldiers, to supervise the White Water Army, and to make him attack Zhang Lu. Liu Bei went north to Jia Meng, and the garrison did not move forward. He built a thick tree to win the hearts of the people.
In the seventeenth year of Jian 'an (212), Zhang Song was killed when it was exposed, and Liu Bei turned against Liu Zhang. Liu Beiyi, according to the strategy put forward by Pang Tong, called Yang Huai of the White Water Army to come, beheaded him and annexed his troops. Huang Zhong and Zhuo Ying were sent to attack Liu Zhang and occupy Fucheng.
in the 18th year of Jian' an (213), Liu Zhang sent Liu Gui, Lingbao, Zhang Ren, Deng Xian and Wu Yi to stop Liu Bei in Fucheng, but they were all defeated by Liu Bei and Wu Yi surrendered. Liu Zhang sent Li Yan and Fei Guan, the commander-in-chief of Mianzhu armies, and Li Yan led the people to surrender. Liu Bei's military strength grew stronger, and he divided the army to pacify the counties. At the same time, Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun were transferred to Shu. Zhang Ren and Liu Xun retreated to Luocheng, Liu Bei led the army to attack, Zhang Ren attacked, and was killed by Liu Beijun. Liu Xunsui couldn't hold on, and Pang Tong led the army to attack Luocheng and died at the gate.
In the 19th year of Jian 'an (214), Luocheng was besieged for nearly a year before it was conquered. Liu Bei was surrounded by Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun. When Liu Bei sent Jianning Du You, Li Hui said that Ma Chao would be reduced. Ma Chao came to Chengdu, and Liu Bei ordered him to lead the army to the north of the city. At that time, the city was shocked. Liu Bei then sent Jian Yong to surrender Liu Zhang, but he led Yizhou to shepherd and brought in many talents in Shu.
in the 2th year of Jian' an (215), Sun Quan sent Lu Meng to attack the three counties in Jingnan, and Liu Bei led an army of 5, to fight against Sun Quanjun. Later, because Cao Cao captured Hanzhong, Yizhou was greatly threatened, so he reconciled with Sun Quan and cut Jiangxia, Changsha and Guiyang to Sun Quan. He also sent Huang Quan to meet Zhang Lu who was defeated by Cao Cao, but Zhang Lu had fallen to Cao Cao. Cao Cao sent Xia Houyuan and Zhang He to station troops in Hanzhong and invaded the border many times. Liu Bei then ordered Zhang Fei to March into the canal, and there was a war with Zhang He at Wakou. Zhang He was defeated and Liu Bei returned to Chengdu.
in the 23rd year of Jian' an (218), Liu Bei took Fazheng's advice and led his generals to attack Hanzhong. General Wu Lan and Lei Tong were sent to attack Wudu, but they were wiped out by Cao Jun.. So Liu Bei went to Yangpingguan, where he fought with Xia Houyuan and Zhang He. However, Zhuge Liang was asked to send more troops, and Zhuge Liang mobilized all resources to fully support Hanzhong at the suggestion of Yang Hong.
in the 24th year of Jian' an (219), Liu Bei-nan crossed Mianshui and confronted Xia Houyuan at Dingjun Mountain. Liu Bei attacked Xia Houyuan at night, and Huang Zhong killed Xia Houyuan and Zhao Qing. Cao Cao had to immediately lead troops from Chang 'an to the west to invade Hanzhong. Liu Bei predicted: "Although Cao Gong came, there is nothing he can do, and I will have Hanchuan." Then, relying on the natural barrier in Hanzhong, I will keep the barrier and not fight with Cao Jun. It took Cao Cao a month to capture, and more and more soldiers fled. After a few months, he had no choice but to retreat. On the other hand, Liu Bei sent Liu Feng, Meng Da, Li Yan and other generals to attack Shen Dan, who will see Cao Cao's army return to the Central Plains and surrender one by one.
At this time, Liu Bei, who was above the group, was acclaimed as the king of Hanzhong. Later, he ruled Chengdu, and Wei Yan was promoted to be the commander-in-chief of Hanzhong. Worship Guan Yu as a former general and pretend to be a lucky man. Guan Yu set out to surround Xiangyang, flooded seven armies, seized Yu Ban, killed Pound, besieged Cao Ren in Fancheng, and responded to Guan Yu in succession to the south of Xudu. At one time, Guan Yu was a great shock to China. Soon, Cao and Sun joined forces. First, Xu Huang led the troops to repel Guan Yu, and Yu returned to the south of the Hanshui River, isolated from the Hanshui River by the water army, and Xiangyang was still trapped. Then Lv Meng crossed the river in white, and persuaded Mi Fang, the commander of Nanjun County, and the police to guard the soldiers' benevolence, and occupied Jingzhou territory without bloodshed. Guan Yu's rear was suddenly lost, and he was cornered. Finally, he was killed after being captured by lin ju.
in the 25th year of Jian 'an (22), Cao Caoqiu died at the age of 66. The second son, Cao Pi, succeeded the Wei King, and later abolished the Han Emperor and established the Wei Dynasty, called Wei Wendi. At that time, it was widely rumored that Xian Di had been killed, and even Su Ze, the border minister of Wei, didn't know the details. He mistakenly believed the rumors and sent out obituaries for Xian Di.
in the first year of Zhangwu (221), Liu Bei chased Liu Xie as the Emperor of Filial Piety, and he succeeded the Han family in Chengdu as emperor, with the name of "Han" (known as Shu Han in history), the year of Zhangwu, Zhuge Liang as prime minister and Xu Jing as Stuart. The Shu-Han regime was formally established by setting up 1 officials and establishing ancestral temples to worship the ancestors such as Han Gaozu.
in the second year of Zhang Wu (222), Liu Bei sent troops to attack Dongwu in order to recapture Jingzhou (the strength is unknown, and later generations usually think it is between 5, and 1,). First of all, the morale of the Shu army was strong, and it was on a roll. It successively defeated Li Yi and Liu A, the Ministry of Lu Xun. Lu Xun insisted on not fighting, and Liu Bei marched into Yiling. The two armies were at loggerheads for half a year, and the Han army was tired and relaxed. Lu Xun took the opportunity to attack by fire, blocked the river, guarded Yiling Road, and attacked on all fronts. The Shu army was defeated by land and water, and Liu Bei fled to Baidicheng under the escort of Zhao Yun, where he was stationed. In order to continue the alliance between Sun Quan and Liu, Sun Quan sent an envoy for peace, and Liu Bei agreed.
in April, the third year of Zhangwu (223), Liu Bei's condition deteriorated, and Zhuge Liang, the prime minister, was recruited from Chengdu, and later he was entrusted by Liu Chan and Jiangshan. On the 24th (June 1th), Liu Bei died in Baidicheng at the age of 63.