The largest cannon in the world is the German 800mm Dora cannon during World War II. One shell weighs 7 tons and has a range of 47 kilometers.
The largest cannon in the world? Dora cannon
The largest cannon in the world is the 800 mm caliber super cannon, the Dora Cannon, produced by the Krupp Arsenal in Germany during World War II (1942). The Dora Cannon is 42.97 meters long, 7 meters wide, 11.6 meters high and weighs 1,350 tons. The barrel is 32.48 meters long, weighs 400 tons, and has a range of 42-47KM. A concrete blasting bomb alone weighs 7.1 tons. Special tracks are required for transportation. It took about 1,500 people three weeks to install this giant cannon.
During the operation, a German major general was under the overall command and a colonel was specifically responsible. The number of gun crews operating the "Dora Artillery" was 1,420, plus the two attached anti-aircraft gun batteries, security personnel and maintenance personnel. , this artillery requires 4120 soldiers. The Luftwaffe was also responsible for air cover.
The world's largest caliber mortar is the "Little David" designed and manufactured in the United States.
During World War II, the Allied forces specially designed and manufactured this powerful mortar in order to break through the German Siegfried Line of defense from the front. The mortar has a caliber of 920 mm, the base of the gun weighs 72,560 kg, the barrel weighs 65,304 kg, and the fired projectile warhead weighs 1,700 kg.
When the gun was just manufactured and ready to go into battle, the Allied forces had broken through the Siegfried Line and broke into Germany. Therefore, the mortar was withdrawn from active service before being put into use during the war. The gun is now on display at the Army Ordnance Museum in Aberdeen, Maryland.
In addition, a Malez mortar manufactured by Woolwich Arsenal in England in 1857 also had a caliber of 920 mm and was never used in the war.
Artillery is usually composed of two parts: the gun body and the gun frame (take the cannon howitzer as an example). The gun body consists of the barrel, the breech, the breech block and the muzzle brake. The barrel is used to give the projectile initial velocity and flight direction, and to make the projectile rotate (smoothbore cannon projectiles generally do not rotate). The breech is used to hold the breech block. The breech block is used to lock the barrel, fire the projectile and extract the fired cartridge. Most modern artillery uses semi-automatic breech blocks, and some use automatic breech blocks.
The muzzle brake is used to reduce the recoil energy of the gun. When fired, the firing pin mounted in the breech block strikes the projectile primer, igniting the propellant powder. The combustion of propellant produces a large amount of gas (the pressure is generally about 3.10^5 kilopascals), which pushes the projectile to move forward along the barrel with great acceleration. The projectile gains maximum speed the moment it leaves the muzzle, and then flies to the target along a certain trajectory. The gas pushes the projectile forward and at the same time pushes the gun to recede. The gun mount is composed of an anti-recoil device, a cradle, an upper frame, a height machine, a direction machine, a balancing machine, an aiming device, a lower frame, a large frame, and a moving body. Anti-recoil devices include parking and retracting machines. The parking and retreating machine is used to consume the energy of the gun's recoil, causing the gun to sit back to a certain distance and stop. The retractor is used to store energy when the gun recoils and retracts the gun body to its original position when the recoil ends. During the recoil movement, due to the buffering effect of the anti-recoil device, the force transmitted from the gun body to the gun frame is greatly reduced, which is about 1/30 to 1/5 of the axial force of the gas acting on the gun body (the resultant force of the gun barrel).
The cradle is the guide rail for recoil and recoil of the gun, and it is also the main body of the landing part (including the gun body, anti-recoil device and cradle). The upper frame is the main body of the rotating part. It is mounted on the lower frame with a base shaft and uses a steering gear to rotate horizontally. The cradle is mounted on the upper frame with its trunnion, and is rotated vertically by the lifting machine. The height machine and direction machine make the gun body rotate in height and direction. The height machine is installed between the cradle and the upper frame, and the steering machine is installed between the upper frame and the lower frame. The balancing machine keeps the lifting and landing parts of the gun balanced on the cradle trunnion, making the operation of the raising and lowering machine easy. The aiming device consists of a sight and a scope, and is used to aim the artillery according to the artillery shooting elements. Lower frame, large frame and moving body, support the artillery when firing, and serve as an artillery carriage when marching.
Cannon is also often used as a nickname. In fact, people named Pao Pao are fat and very wild in the class, so they are called Pao Pao.
A barrel-fired weapon with a caliber of 20 mm or more that uses gunpowder as energy to launch projectiles. There are many types of artillery, equipped with a variety of ammunition, which can shoot at ground, water and air targets, annihilate and suppress effective forces and technical weapons, destroy various fortifications and other engineering facilities, destroy various armored targets and complete other special shooting tasks .
There are many ways to classify artillery. According to the purpose, it is divided into ground suppression artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, tank artillery, tank gun, aviation machine gun, naval gun and coastal gun. Ground suppression artillery includes cannons, howitzers, cannon howitzers and mortars, and some countries also include rocket launchers. Anti-tank artillery includes anti-tank guns and recoilless rifles. According to ballistic characteristics, they are divided into cannons, howitzers and mortars. The cannon's ballistic trajectory is low, its barrel is long, its muzzle velocity is high, its firing angle is generally less than 45 degrees, and it uses fixed or separate shells with a small number of charges. It is suitable for shooting at armored targets, vertical targets and long-distance targets. Anti-aircraft guns, anti-tank guns, tank guns, aviation machine guns, naval guns and coastal guns all have the ballistic characteristics of cannons. The howitzer has a curved trajectory, a shorter barrel, a smaller muzzle velocity, and a shooting angle of up to 75°. It uses separate shells, has a larger number of charges, and has high ballistic maneuverability, making it suitable for shooting at horizontal targets. The mortar has a curved trajectory, a short barrel, a small muzzle velocity, a shooting angle of 45° to 85°, and a large number of modified charges, making it suitable for shooting at targets behind shelters. According to the mode of movement, it is divided into self-propelled artillery, towed artillery, mule-horse-drawn artillery and mule-horse pack artillery. According to the bore structure, it is divided into rifled cannon and smoothbore cannon.
A barrel-fired weapon with a caliber of 20 mm or more that uses propellant as energy to launch projectiles. There are many types of artillery, equipped with a variety of ammunition, which can shoot at ground, water and air targets, annihilate and suppress effective forces and technical weapons, destroy various fortifications and other facilities, destroy various armored targets and complete other special shooting tasks. Artillery is divided into ground suppression artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, anti-tank artillery, tank gun, aviation machine gun, naval gun and coastal gun according to its purpose. Ground suppression artillery includes cannons, howitzers, cannon howitzers and mortars, and some countries also include rocket launchers. Anti-tank artillery includes anti-tank guns and recoilless rifles. According to the barrel length and caliber ratio (double diameter), they are divided into cannons and howitzers. The cannon ballistic trajectory is low, the ratio of barrel length to caliber (diameter) is generally greater than 45, the muzzle velocity is large, and the shooting angle is generally less than 45 degrees. It uses fixed-mounted or separate-mounted shells and has a small number of variable charge charges, so it is suitable for attacking Armored target, vertical target and long range target shooting. Anti-aircraft guns, anti-tank guns, tank guns, aviation machine guns, naval guns and coastal guns all have the ballistic characteristics of cannons. The trajectory of howitzers is relatively curved, the ratio of barrel length to caliber (diameter) is generally less than 45, the muzzle velocity is small, and the shooting angle can reach 75°. It uses separate shells, has a large number of variable charges, and has a curved trajectory, which is suitable for Shoot at horizontal targets. Note that the mortar is not a howitzer. The mortar has a short body, a small muzzle velocity, a shooting angle of 45° to 85°, and a large number of modified charges, making it suitable for shooting at targets behind shelters. According to the mode of movement, it is divided into self-propelled artillery, towed artillery, mule and horse-drawn artillery and mule and horse pack-borne artillery.
According to the bore structure, it is divided into rifled cannon and smoothbore cannon. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, China had used a projectile weapon? After gunpowder was used in the military at least in the 10th century, it was used to project gunpowder packets and gunpowder bombs. As late as the Yuan Dynasty, China had produced the oldest artillery? Fire blunderbuss. After Chinese gunpowder and firearms spread westward in the 13th century, artillery began to develop in Europe. In the first half of the 14th century, Europe began to create artillery that fired stone projectiles. In order to improve the adaptability of artillery firepower, modern artillery is equipped with ordinary grenades, armor-piercing rounds, armor-piercing rounds, illumination rounds and smoke screen grenades, as well as various long-range grenades, anti-tank mine-laying rounds, anti-tank submunitions, terminal guided artillery rounds and [ [Chemical artillery shells], nuclear bombs (see nuclear weapons), etc., enable artillery to suppress and destroy a variety of targets at a distance from a few hundred meters to tens of thousands of meters.