Where is Li from Nanchong, Sichuan?

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The most common surname in Sichuan: Li

2021-12-22 21:54:32

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Li surname is widely distributed in China, currently mainly concentrated in Henan, Sichuan, and Shandong. Henan is the province with the largest number of Li surnames in the country. The surname Li is also the most common surname in Sichuan, with 6.15 million people, more than 1 million more than the second-ranked surname Wang, accounting for 7.47% of the province's total population. Sichuan is also the area with the highest concentration of Li surnames in the south.

Li family genealogy

During the Shang Dynasty, the Ba people lived in Zhongli Mountain, Wuluo (today’s northwest Changyang, Hubei Province), and later expanded to eastern Sichuan. After King Wu of Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he sealed the Ba people in Ba (today's Banan District of Chongqing) and called it Bazi Kingdom. The Ba people regard the tiger as their totem. In the Ba language, "tiger" is pronounced as "Li". During the evolution of surnames, the Ba people admired Han surnames and adopted the surname Li according to the pronunciation. In 303 AD, a Ba people named Li established the Dacheng Kingdom in Sichuan, which was known as Chenghan in history. This was the first dynasty established by the Li surname in China, which was later destroyed by the Eastern Jin Dynasty. This surname Li has a history of at least more than 2,300 years.

The surname Li first appeared in Sichuan, probably after the Qin Dynasty destroyed Bashu (316 BC). In the forty-third year of King Nan of Zhou (272 BC), Qin destroyed the Yiqu State controlled by nomads at that time, and established Longxi County, Beidi County, and Shang County on this land. Longxi County was named because it was located to the west of Longshan (another name for the southern section of Liupan Mountain, which is the boundary between the Weihe Plain and the Longxi Plateau). The county was governed in Didao (now Lintao, Gansu). The Li surname of Qin State is the Ying surname Li. The most common theory at present is that the earliest governor of Longxi County in the Qin Dynasty was Li Chong, and later generations respected him as the ancestor of the Li family in Longxi. During the period when the Li family in Longxi was formed, the surname Li was already a prominent family in the Qin State. After the Qin Dynasty destroyed Bashu, people continued to immigrate to the Bashu area, forming the earliest ancestral origin of the Li family in Sichuan.

At the end of the Warring States Period, the immigrants surnamed Li who entered Sichuan had the same ancestry as the budding Li family in Longxi, that is, they were both Ying Li who served the royal family as Dali officials for generations in the Xia and Shang dynasties. Descendants of the family. This surname Li can be traced back to the Gaotao period of the legendary era. During this period, the most famous family surnamed Li in Sichuan was Li Bing and his son. From 256 BC to 251 BC, Li Bing was appointed as the prefect of Shu County (today's Chengdu area) by King Zhao of Qin. Because the historical records of Li Bing's birth and death are not detailed, it is difficult to trace the situation of his descendants in Sichuan.

Subscript: Qin and Han Dynasties: The Li family from Zhaojun entered Sichuan

The Li family entered Sichuan at the end of the Warring States Period and was the earliest cornerstone of the large Li family in Sichuan. After the Qin Dynasty destroyed the Six Kingdoms, Sichuan became the place where the Qin people moved to the powerful officials of the Six Kingdoms. At that time, Sichuan was still a border area of ??the Central Plains regime. During this period, a large number of people with Chinese surnames entered Sichuan along with forced immigrants. The Li family of Zhao County, the second largest source of the Li surname after the Li family of Longxi, also entered Sichuan.

The seat of Zhaojun is located in today's Zhaoxian County, Hebei Province. It can be traced back to the famous general Li Mu of Zhao State during the Warring States Period (now a native of Longyao, Xingtai). Li Mu's ancestors are the same as those of the Li family in Longxi, and they also have the surname Li. Li Mu was one of the four famous generals of the Warring States Period, and his family surnamed Li was a prominent family in the Zhao Kingdom. Li Mu was regarded as the most powerful enemy by Qin for a long time before Qin destroyed the six kingdoms. In the wars with the Xiongnu and Qin, Li Mu was a victorious general, but unfortunately he died under the suspicion of his own people. During the Qin Dynasty, the ancestors of the Li family in Zhaojun and the Li family in Longxi had appeared and multiplied in the land of Sichuan. The two events of Qin's destruction of Bashu and the migration of immigrants from six countries laid the foundation for Sichuan to become a large province with the surname Li. During this period, the Central Plains surname culture affected the original indigenous residents of Sichuan. The surname Li began to appear among the local ethnic minorities, the Ba people and the Zhi people, and gradually formed a large family surnamed Li in Sichuan.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Guanghan generation in Sichuan was an important gathering area with the Li surname. Li You, a literary historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was a native of Guanghan, Yizhou. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, the native Sichuan surname Li had developed into a very influential family. During the Han Dynasty, the Li surname began to gradually migrate to all parts of the country.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, wars continued in the Central Plains, and the ancestral origin of the surname Li in Sichuan underwent new changes. In addition to the continuous import of the surname Li, the surname Li was also exported to areas outside Sichuan, forming a new county leader with the surname Li, the Li family in Lueyang.

Subscript: Late Eastern Han Dynasty: Li surname from Nanyang and Yunnan entered Sichuan

From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Three Kingdoms period, the surname Li gradually developed from the gathering place in the northwest and Central Plains to the Northeast, Yunnan, and All over Guangdong. More people named Li appear in history books. Among the famous Li people in Sichuan during this period was Li Yan, a famous general of the Shu Han Dynasty. His ancestral home was in Nanyang, Henan. Beijingzhou, to which Nanyang belongs, was an important battlefield for warlord separatism in the late Han Dynasty. Starting from the early Three Kingdoms period, a large number of refugees and powerful forces entered Yizhou from Nanyang and Sanfu. The first major refugee wave occurred in the early 190s when Liu Yan separatized Yizhou. These refugees numbered tens of thousands. There are enough young men among them to form an army. Liu Yan called this army of refugees "Dongzhou Scholars" and became one of the important forces in Liu Yan's separatist regime. During the Three Kingdoms period, the second large-scale immigration from northern Jingzhou occurred around the time Cao Cao entered Jingzhou in 208. It was during this period that Li Yan entered Yizhou as an official. Because "Dongzhou Scholars" were an important military force during the Shu Han Dynasty, the Li family who immigrated to Sichuan from Jingzhou became an emerging wealthy family with the Li surname in Sichuan, and also became another ancestral source of the Li surname in Sichuan.

During the war between Han and Wei in the Three Kingdoms, the native Sichuan surname Li also moved out with the war. An important branch with the Li surname, the Li family in Lueyang, was formed during this period. The ancestral origin of this surname Li is of the descent of the Ba and Mi people, a minority group in Sichuan, who lived in Danqu, Brazil (now northeast of Qu County, Sichuan). There is a saying that one of the ancestors of the Ba people originated from the ancient Ziyang people (around 40,000 BC). This group of people with the surname Li moved to Yangcheban in Hanzhong (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province) due to the war in the late Han Dynasty, and was named Yangcheyi. After Cao Cao occupied Hanzhong, he moved from Yangcheban to Lueyang Linwei (today's Qin Annan, Gansu Province), and later settled down, so he was called Lueyang Li family.

During this period, as the Shu Han Dynasty developed the Nanzhong region, the Li family, which had developed into Yunnan, also began to enter Sichuan. Li Hui, a native of Yuyuan County, Jianning County (now Chengjiang County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province), was one of the important generals of the Shu Han Dynasty. This descendant of the Li family has always been rooted in Sichuan. Until the Three Kingdoms returned to Jin, Li Hui's family still served as officials in Sichuan, and his grandson Li Kui was the prefect of Yizhou County in the Jin Dynasty. During his tenure, Li Kui resisted the uprising of Li Xiong, the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty, on a large scale. Li Xiong is a descendant of the Tao people.

At this time, the influence of the Li surname in Sichuan has reached a new peak, and the ancestral origin has become more complicated. Coupled with the geographical location of Shuhan, the integration of local residents and ethnic minorities has become increasingly prosperous. With the help of Zhuge Liang, a large number of ethnic minorities in Shu Han changed their surnames to Zhao, Zhang, Yang and Li. These surname changes still have influence in southern Sichuan and Yunnan.

Subscript: After the Sui and Tang Dynasties: Sichuan became the melting pot of the Li surname

In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, due to the surnames given by the emperors and the sinicization of ethnic minorities, the surname Li experienced unprecedented development. Chengdu was an important refuge during the Anshi Rebellion, and a large number of people with the surname Li from different origins entered Sichuan. The origin of the Sichuan surname Li becomes more complicated. Li Guangbi, a Khitan man, was named the Prince of Linhuai County after he and Guo Ziyi put down the Anshi Rebellion. In 762, Li Guangbi left Xuzhou, was granted the title of King of Linhuai, and moved to Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province). From then on, the descendants prospered and formed the Jinling Li family. With several large-scale immigrants in the later period, the Sichuan Li surname was integrated into the blood of the Khitan Li surname. The Jinling Li surname later spread to Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places, becoming another important ancestral source of the Li surname in Sichuan. After the Jingkang Revolution in the Song Dynasty, a large number of people with the surname Li moved southward and entered Huguang, Sichuan and other places.

During the Song and Yuan dynasties, Sichuan had completely become a melting pot with the Li surname. After two large-scale immigrants in the late Yuan Dynasty and the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, more genealogical records began to be written about the origin of the surname Li. The research on ancestors of most families with the surname Li in Sichuan basically started during the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties and the immigration of Huguang into Sichuan.

Since then, most of the exploration of the ancestral origin of the Li surname has been based on generations, lineages and oral traditions passed down in the genealogy...

Reference: West China Metropolis Daily

Picture taken from: West China Metropolis Daily

Tencent Dacheng.com Chief Writer: Xu Yi

Source: Internet

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