Zhuge, whose name is Liang, whose word is Kong Ming
Zhuge, whose name is Liang, whose word is Kong Ming. Zhuge Liang (October 8, 181-234), born in Wolong, Langya Yangdu, was the prime minister of Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms period, an outstanding politician, strategist, writer and inventor in ancient China.
According to the biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Zhi and Zhu Gejin, which was quoted by Pei Songzhi in the Book of Wu, Zhuge Liang's distant ancestor was originally named Ge, who was originally from Langya counties (now Zhucheng County, Shandong Province) and later moved to Yangdu County. At that time, there were already people named Ge in Yangdu. In order to distinguish the surname Ge from the surname Ge from the counties, the surname Ge came from the counties.
Zhuge Liang was born on July 23rd, 4th year (AD 181) of Emperor Guanghe in the Eastern Han Dynasty. On the same day that Zhuge Liang was born, his father Zhuge _ felt upset when he was in office. It was estimated that his wife Zhang was going into labor soon, so he rode home overnight. Picture
After entering the door, Zhuge _ saw that nothing had happened to his wife, so he took a long breath and relaxed a lot at once, and ordered his family to let the midwife take good care of his wife. Zhuge _ waited outside the inner room without any tiredness. Suddenly, there was a baby crying in the inner room. This cry broke the silence at dawn and brought auspicious gospel to Zhuge's family.
The midwife said to Zhuge _ with a big smile, "Madam and the little boy are safe. Madam asked you to give the child a name!" Thinking, Zhuge _ suddenly looked up from the window hole and found that it was near dawn and the East was already shining, so he made a big fuss about it and blurted out, "Just call it Liang, and take the word Kong Ming!"
In 197 AD, Zhuge Liang's uncle Zhuge Xuan died of illness, so Zhuge Liang came to Longzhong with his younger brother Zhuge Jun, and lived a secluded life of "devoting himself to Nanyang, risking his life in troubled times and not asking Wen Da to be a vassal". In addition to farming, I read a lot, make close friends, study the art of war, watch the times, and think deeply about policies. Although he lived in seclusion, he was valued by the world for his erudition, foresight and ambition, so he was praised as "Wolong" by Pang Degong, a celebrity in the south of the Yangtze River, and called his nephew Pang Tong "Feng Chu", just like Zhuge Liang, and Zhuge Liang was called "Mr. Wolong" from then on.
as the prime minister, Zhuge Liang knows very well: "The house leaks in the bottom, stops at the top, leaks in the top, and it is uninhabitable in the bottom." He not only took the lead in building a clean government and raised a banner, but also regarded clean government as an important political and legal construction, which had a great impact on all aspects of politics, economy, military and culture in Shu and Han dynasties. The construction of clean government in Zhuge Liang's period was first manifested in the strict control of the scale of Miyagi and Huiling in Shu Han.
During Zhuge Liang's reign, the young empress often wanted to choose to fill the harem. At that time, Dong Yun, who was in charge of palace affairs, thought that the number of the emperors and empresses of the ancients was only twelve, but now they have their own wives, so it is not appropriate to gain them, so they will not listen. The number of imperial concubines is a complex issue, involving many issues such as the size and organizational system of the palace, which is beyond Dong Yun's decision. At that time, "there was no preparation, the heirs were young and weak, and everything was fine and bright." "There is no detail in political affairs, and the salt is determined by the light."
Zhuge Liang created a political atmosphere of being honest and dedicated to the public in the upper class of Shu and Han dynasties. Shu officials followed Zhuge Liang's example, being thrifty for officials and refraining from luxury, thus creating a whole era of clean government.
in the 16th year of Jian' an (211), Yizhou was captured. Then he defeated Cao Jun and won Hanzhong. In the first year of Zhangwu in Shu Dynasty (221), Liu Bei established the Shu-Han regime in Chengdu, and Zhuge Liang was appointed as the prime minister to preside over the state affairs.
Liu Chan, the queen of Shu, succeeded to the throne, and Zhuge Liang was made the marquis of Wuxiang, leading Yizhou as a shepherd. Diligent and cautious, big and small political affairs must be handled personally, and rewards and punishments are strict; Alliance with Dongwu to improve relations with all ethnic groups in southwest China; Carry out the policy of reclaiming farmland and strengthen combat readiness.
Six northern expeditions to the Central Plains, mostly with grain. Eventually, due to overwork, he died in Wuzhangyuan (now in Qishan, Baoji, Shaanxi Province) in the twelfth year of Jianxing, Shu, at the age of 54. Liu Chan made him a loyal marquis of Wu, and later generations often called Zhuge Liang by marquis of Wu. Because of its military ability, the Eastern Jin regime made him the King of Wuxing.