It is generally believed that Wudalianchi Volcano Group consists of 14 volcanoes. If Lotus Mountain in the western part of the Shanghuo Mountain area is counted, Wudalianchi Volcano Group should be composed of 15 volcanoes, and the distribution area of volcanic rocks exceeds 800 km2. The eruption of Lao Montenegro and Yamakaji in17,654,38+09 ~17,21year is not far away.
2. Jingbo Lake Volcano in Heilongjiang Province
The Holocene volcano in Jingbo Lake, Heilongjiang Province has 13 craters, all of which are compound volcanoes. It is speculated that the latest phase of the Holocene volcano in Jingbo Lake may be around 1000 years. Judging from the existing volcanic geological and chronological evidence, there is no objection to the Holocene volcanic eruption of Jingbo Lake.
3. Tianchi volcano in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province
Tianchi Volcano in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province is the best preserved Cenozoic multi-genetic composite volcano in China, with the main peak General Peak located in North Korea, with an altitude of 2,749 meters. The volcanic activity of Tianchi volcano experienced shield-building period (early Pleistocene 2.77- 1.203Ma), cone-building period (middle and late Pleistocene 1. 12-0.04Ma) and Holocene. Fan Qicheng et al., 1999). Changbai Mountain has erupted many times in history. The two eruptions of Tianchi volcano at 1668 and 1702 are credible (Cui Zhongxie et al., 1995). According to volcanic geology and fine 14C, Tianchi volcano has erupted at least twice since Holocene (1 199, about 5000 years ago). Tianchi volcano erupted in1199 ~1201year, which was the biggest eruption event in the world in the last 2000 years, and the volcanic ash spewed was the farthest.
4. Jilin Longgang volcano
There are more than 160 scattered low volcanic cones in Longgang Volcano Group, showing the characteristics of high density and multi-center explosive eruption. The low-order crater (maar) from the west of Jingyu County to the junction of Jingyu and Huinan, represented by Longwan, has become a major landscape of Longgang Volcano Group, among which Dalongwan and triangle longwan have been developed into the only low-order crater scenic tourist areas in China. There is a towering volcanic cone-Jinlong Dingzi in the area surrounded by Longwan.
5. Tengchong volcano in Yunnan
The Tengchong volcano in Yunnan province, on the southwest border, was recorded by Xu Xiake as 1609 Dayingshan volcano eruption. According to the characteristics of volcanic geology, landform, magmatic evolution and hydrothermal activity, it is generally considered that Heikongshan, Daying Mountain and Maanshan are Holocene volcanoes. Whether the "mountain fire" of Dayingshan volcano recorded in Xu Xiake's travel notes is the cause of volcanic eruption has not yet found chronological evidence. According to the description in Li Genyuan's Biography of Lieyishan, "There are many volcanoes in Tengchong, and there were many records of volcanic eruptions in Chenghua, Zhengde, Jiajing and Wanli years (A.D. 1465- 1620)", indicating that there were eruptions in Tengchong volcanic area hundreds of years ago. Tengchong volcanic area is the geothermal energy of China active volcanic area. For example, the water temperature in the hot sea area is around 100℃, and hydrothermal activity seems to be increasing in recent years, with many hydrothermal explosions. Microseismic observation shows that there is a magmatic impact earthquake (han xinmin et al., 1996), and seismic sounding profile and magnetotelluric sounding results indicate that there may be magma chamber in the crust (Liu Baocheng et al.,1986; Sun Jie et al.1989; Bai Denghai et al.,1994; Querongju (1998), whether these are brewing new eruption risks, we have to pay special attention to the future activities of Tengchong volcano.
6. Ashkule volcano in Xinjiang
Ashkule Volcano Group is located in the West Kunlun Mountain on the northwest edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, about 120km south of Yutian County, Xinjiang. It consists of more than 10 main volcanoes and dozens of sub-volcanoes, including Xishan Mountain, Ashe Mountain, Daheishan, Wuluke Mountain, Maze Mountain, Crescent Mountain, Yak Mountain, Black Dragon Mountain, Horseshoe Mountain, Dongshan Mountain and Chair Mountain. Almost all these volcanoes erupt in concentration. Most volcanoes were formed in the Quaternary, and the most recent one was the eruption of Ashe volcano on May 27th, 2000 (Liu Jiaqi and Mohammad Yi Ming, 1990). According to the report of Xinjiang Daily on July 5, 2000 195 1, "A volcanic eruption occurred at 9: 50 am on May 27 in Dabanxigou, Kunlun, south of Subhas, Yutian County. When it first broke out, there was a loud noise from a hill, and then smoke came out of the hill like a big column. Then it erupted three times in a row, each time for only a few minutes, without making a loud noise, only smoke came out. In the following days, the volcano smoked again ... "This is also the first report on volcanic eruption after the founding of New China. According to reports and relevant investigation opinions, this volcanic eruption is explosive, and it is agreed that there is no lava overflow. Because dozens of volcanoes here are well preserved, it has been about 50 years since the eruption of 195 1, especially there is no lava flow overflow and no obvious geomorphological signs. Therefore, Deng Wanming (1989) questioned whether Mount Ashe (or volcano 1) was a volcano that erupted on May 27th. This puts a big question mark on the latest active volcano in China, which shows that it is not easy to determine the recorded eruption time and place in history.
7. Datun Volcano and Kameyama Volcano on Taiwan Province Island.
Datun Volcano Group and Kameyama Island Volcano are located in the northwest and east waters of Taiwan Province Island respectively. Datun Volcano Group consists of more than 20 volcanoes of different sizes. Volcanic activity began at 2.8 ~ 2.5 Ma, and the last eruption occurred at about 0.2 ~ 0. 1 Ma. However, the current hydrothermal activity and seismic activity make people worry that the volcano may erupt again. There are at least 16 hot springs in the volcanic area. There are also some nameless hot springs, and the surface temperature can reach about 100℃. The strong jet activity in Yangmingshan and the spring flowers on the surface are enough to prove the intensity of hydrothermal activity in Datun volcanic area. Helium isotope tracing shows that helium in Datun volcanic area is mainly gas from magma, which naturally reminds people of the possible existence of underground magma chamber. Near the Datun volcano area, especially in the manger area, there are frequent microseisms. An earthquake with magnitude less than 3.0. 1.986 occurred in Zhuzi Lake area of Yangming Mountain, which may be the direct cause of large-scale landslides and mudslides in Machao area after the earthquake. Datun volcano is similar to Yellowstone National Park volcano in the western United States, and its last eruption was 1.575 million years ago. According to the existing definition, Datun volcano and Huangshi National Park volcano are both "dead" volcanoes, but they are both very strong.
Guishan Island Volcano is located in the western edge of sulfur volcano island arc, about 20km northeast of Yilan, north of Taiwan Province Island, and is mainly composed of andesite volcanic rocks. The volcanic terrain on the island is quite complete, and the sulfur jet and hot spring activities after the volcano are also quite strong. The andesite breccia collected in the lower part contains the captured timely sandstone blocks. Timely thermoluminescence dating is about 7000 years, which shows that andesite erupted about 7000 years ago because there are still andesite breccia on it.
8. Hainan Qiongbei Volcano
Lei Qiong area is the largest distribution area of Cenozoic volcanic rocks along the coast of South China. Volcanic activity began in the Early Tertiary and lasted until the Holocene. The volcano covers an area of 7300km2, with 177 recognizable craters, all below 300m above sea level. More than 30 craters in Shishan and Yongxing areas of Quaternary volcanic areas in northern Hainan Island are obviously arranged in the northwest direction, forming a typical center.