As an outstanding tour guide, you are usually required to write tour guide words. With the help of tour guide words, you can better promote scenic spots and guide tourists on their sightseeing tours. So how do you write a good tour guide? Below are the guide words for the Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum that I compiled for you. I hope it will be helpful to you. Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum Guide 1
After reading the largest and most important masterpiece in ancient China, we will enter the second exhibition room for a visit. Here we mainly display the steles written by famous calligraphers of the Tang Dynasty, which have always been models for people to learn calligraphy. What you are seeing now is the Preface Stele of the Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty, which was engraved in the second year of Emperor Dezong’s reign in the Tang Dynasty. It was rediscovered in 1623 AD and moved to the Forest of Steles in the late Qing Dynasty. "Da Qin" is the ancient Chinese name for the Eastern Roman Empire. Nestorianism, a branch of the church, is called Nestorianism. "Jing" means bright and beautiful. The head of the monument is engraved with the church's symbol, the cross. This stele records the early introduction of the church to China, as well as canonical rules and doctrines. It also has the names of 72 Nestorian monks engraved in ancient Syriac and Chinese. It provides valuable information for the study of friendly exchanges between ancient China and Europe and Central Asia. The "Yan Family Temple Stele" written by Yan Zhenqing is a family temple stele erected in memory of his father when Yan Zhenqing was 72 years old. The inscription records the hereditary and achievements of the Yan family. Just from the sentence in the article "There are seventy-two Confucian masters, eight of the Yan family", we can see the prosperity and glory of the Yan family. The "Duobao Pagoda Stele" is an early representative of the Yan style, and the "Yan Family Temple Stele" 》is a masterpiece where the appearance is not as brilliant and mature as the body. There are also the "Huangfu Birthday Stele" written by Ouyang Xun, a famous calligrapher in the early Tang Dynasty, and the "Master Daoyin Stele" written by his son, Ouyang Tong. The calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty was the peak era in the history of Chinese calligraphy art. A large number of calligraphers emerged, like a hundred flowers blooming.
We continued walking forward and came to the third exhibition room of the Forest of Steles. Through the steles displayed here, we can have a general understanding of the evolution of ancient Chinese calligraphy. Here are displayed various famous calligraphy steles from the Han and Wei dynasties to the Tang and Song dynasties, including seal script, official script, running script, and cursive calligraphy, such as the Cao Quan Stele of the Han Dynasty, the Immortal Tang Gongfang Stele of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Xu and Huai The "Thousand Character Essay" written in plain cursive script, the "Stele of the Grand View Holy Works" written by Emperor Huizong of the Tang Dynasty, etc. "Cao Quan Stele" is the finest Han Li dynasty extant Han Dynasty stele in my country and is a national cultural relic. The stele was engraved in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. It was built by common people and officials to commemorate Cao Quan, the magistrate of Heyang County, Shaanxi Province during the reign of Emperor Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The inscription records that Cao Quan once fought with the army and had outstanding military exploits. He governed Heyang, was an honest official, and benefited the country. There is also a list of donations engraved on the stele. The calligraphy of "Cao Quan Stele" is flat and even, clear and smooth, natural and elegant, and graceful and flying. It is not only the representative of elegance in Han Li, but also the exquisite work of Han steles. Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum Guide Words 2
The Tang Jingyun Bell was cast in the second year of Emperor Ruizong Jingyun of the Tang Dynasty. It was moved to Xi'an Forest of Steles in 1953. It is cast in bronze and weighs about 6 tons. The clock body has three compartments, with a Pulao squatting at the top. The bell body is carved with exquisite patterns of creepers, auspicious clouds, phoenixes, lions, cows, cranes and 32 stalactites, which not only decorates the clock, but also plays a role in regulating the phonology. effect. On the front of the bell is cast a 292-word parallel inscription written by Li Dan, Emperor Ruizong of the Tang Dynasty. It is the only remaining example of Li Dan's calligraphy left in the world. The bells of Jingyun Bell are melodious and melodious. The bells of the Central People's Broadcasting Station on New Year's Eve every year are recorded with Jingyun Bell.
To my left is another national treasure-level cultural relic, the Daxia Stone Horse. Daxia was a dynasty established by the Xiongnu minority. The Daxia Dynasty only lasted 24 years. Due to the wars at that time, the cultural relics left by the Daxia Kingdom were extremely rare. Therefore, the giant stone horse we see today is even more precious.
Now please look at this huge plaque in the distance, with the word "Forest of Steles" written on it. If you look closely, you will find that the word "stele" is missing a stroke. So why is there one missing word? Is this a typo? Obviously this is impossible. These two characters were written by Lin Zexu, a famous patriotic general in the Qing Dynasty. Some people say that the word "stele" is missing, which just means that he lost his hat at that time. Actually, this is not the case. This is because ancient Chinese characters pay attention to symmetry, and the word "stele" is missing one stroke just to look symmetrical and beautiful.
The tall and majestic stone tablet standing in front of everyone is the "Shitai Jing of Filial Piety".
"The Classic of Filial Piety" was compiled by Zeng Shen, a student of Confucius. It talks about filial piety and advocates "serving the king as you serve your father." Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, personally commented on and wrote the preface to this stele. The purpose was to show that he governed the world with filial piety. . This monument is nearly 6 meters high. The body, back base and head of the monument are composed of 35 huge stones. Therefore, this monument shows that it is upright and extraordinary, so it is also known as the "first monument to welcome guests". Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum Guide Words 3
Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum Guide Words Ladies and Gentlemen
Hello everyone!
Now we have arrived at the Forest of Steles. As the name suggests, it means "a forest of steles". This museum was founded in 1087 AD and has a history of more than 900 years. It is an art treasure house with the earliest and largest collection of ancient steles in my country. Therefore, people also call it the "stone library". The Forest of Steles in Xi'an was developed on the basis of preserving the stone scriptures of the Tang Dynasty. The Stone Classics mentioned by Tang Dynasty include: "Shitai Xiao Jing" written by Tang Xuanzong in the fourth year of Tang Tianbao, that is, 745 AD; and "Kaicheng Stone Classic" carved in the second year of Tang Kaicheng, that is, 837 AD. . These stone scriptures were originally erected in the Imperial Academy of the Imperial Academy in Chang'an City Office of the Tang Dynasty. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Zhu Wen hijacked Tang Zhaozong and moved the capital to Luoyang. Han Jian, the governor of the Youguo Army stationed in Chang'an, reduced the size of Chang'an city, causing Shi Jing to be abandoned in the suburbs. At the suggestion of many people, Han Jian and later Liu Xun successively moved these steles to the Wenxuan King Temple in the city, which is today's West Street and Society Road area. Because the terrain is low-lying, it is not conducive to preserving the sutra stones. Therefore, in 1087 AD, under the organization of Lu Dazhong, the water transport ambassador of the Northern Song Dynasty, the stele there was moved to its current location. This formed the earliest Xi'an Forest of Steles.
The name "Forest of Steles" began in the Qing Dynasty. It collects more than 3,000 steles from all dynasties from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, distributed in seven exhibition rooms, eight stele halls and six stele corridors. These steles can be mainly divided into two parts: the "Forest of Steles" and the "Stone Carving Art Room". The museum covers an area of ??31,900 square meters and has an exhibition area of ??3,000 square meters. The Forest of Steles Museum is a typical traditional Chinese temple-style building complex. The first half of it was rebuilt from the Confucius Temple that originally worshiped Confucius, and traces of the Confucius Temple can still be seen everywhere. Confucius is the founder of Chinese Confucianism and has always been respected by feudal rulers. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once advocated "deposing all schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone." I wonder if you have noticed: According to China’s traditional architectural standards, doors always open to the south. The door of the Forest of Steles faces east and west. What's going on? This is because the Forest of Steles is the former site of the Confucius Temple. According to the ancient Chinese system, the doors of the Confucius Temple are opened on the east and west sides to show respect for Confucius. The west gate is called the "Rites Gate" and the east gate is called the "Yi Road". The south door is closed and is called "Saimen". The tall archway you see now is called "Taihe Yuanqi Archway". It is a Ming Dynasty building, moved from the Huashan Xiyue Temple, and uses four columns and three eaves. The above colored paintings are Hexi colored paintings. Ancient China had a strict system and there were hierarchies in color paintings. The highest one is Hexi color painting, and there are also Xuanzi color painting and Su style color painting.
The two semicircular pools you see in front of you are unique buildings of the Confucius Temple. According to the ancient system, the pools in national-level Confucius temples are round and are called "Piyong"; the pools in local-level Confucius temples are semi-circular and are called "Panchi". "Pan" is three drops of water plus one and a half. Chinese characters pay attention to pictograms, and "pan" means half a pool. Confucius advocated endless learning, and knowledge is never full, just like this pool, which can never be completely round. In ancient times, only those who passed the scholar examination could walk on the small bridge in the middle of Panchi and become a scholar.
The stone archway to the north of Panchi is also a unique building of the Confucius Temple and is called the "Lingxing Gate". Legend has it that "Lingxing" is the god in charge of earth acquisition among the twenty-eight constellations. At that time, there were strict rules for entering and exiting the Lingxing Gate: during the ceremony to worship Confucius, only the highest official who was officiating could enter and exit through the middle gate; general officials could enter and exit through the west gate; and other personnel could enter and exit through the east gate. Hence the idiom "deviant approach". Now we have entered the Lingxing Gate. Ancient Chinese buildings all pay attention to central axis symmetry. So, Forest of Steles is no exception. The various exhibition rooms in the Forest of Steles are arranged symmetrically from south to north, with the middle gate of Lingxing Gate as the central axis. The rooms on both sides are temporary showrooms. Everyone, please pay attention. There are many stone pillars on both sides of the central road. They are the treasures of ancient Chinese folk stone carvings - Weibei Ma Zhuang. These horse-tethering posts are about 2 meters high, with various patterns and shapes carved on them.
Horses were an important means of transportation and warfare in ancient times. On the vast Weibei Plateau, for transportation and military needs, a large number of horse bolts were set up next to the post station. In addition to its purpose of tying and frightening livestock, it also has the meaning of frightening evil, auspiciousness and decoration. Before liberation, rows of horse stakes were planted on both sides of the courtyard gates of the homes of officials or wealthy people in the Weibei area.
Now please look at the huge plaque in the distance, with the word "Forest of Steles" written on it. If you look closely, you will find that the word "stele" is missing a stroke. So why is there one missing word? Is this a typo? Obviously this is impossible. These two characters were written by Lin Zexu, a famous patriotic general in the Qing Dynasty. After the war, he resigned from his post to guard Ili, Xinjiang. I was passing through Xi'an and wrote these two words. Some people say that the word "stele" is missing, which just means that he lost his hat at that time. Actually, this is not the case. You will find out later that all the characters "stele" in the Forest of Steles are missing one stroke. This is because ancient Chinese characters pay attention to symmetry, and the word "stele" is missing one stroke just to look symmetrical and beautiful.
Now, please take a look at this tall and majestic stone tablet. This is the famous "Shitai Xiaojing". It is the largest stone monument in the Forest of Steles. "The Classic of Filial Piety" is one of the Confucian classics and was compiled by Zeng, a student of Confucius. The book is divided into 18 chapters, which mainly talks about filial piety, one of the basic ethics and morals in feudal society. He also linked filial piety to parents and loyalty to the king, advocated "serving the king as you serve your father", and maintaining feudal rule through patriarchal blood relations. Therefore, it received special attention from the feudal ruling classes of past dynasties. He believes that "filial piety" is the foundation of all morality, and regards "ruling the world with filial piety" as the basic governing strategy. The first half of "Shitai Jing of Filial Piety" is the preface written by Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, to the Jing of Filial Piety in official script. The purpose was to express his intention to govern the world with filial piety. The second half is the original text of Xiao Jing. Those small characters are Li Longji's annotations for the Classic of Filial Piety. At that time, this monument was erected in the Imperial Academy, so it was called the "Imperial Monument". And because this stele is built on a three-story stone platform, it is called "Shitai Xiaojing". This monument is nearly 6 meters high. The base, body and head of the monument are composed of 35 huge stones. The top of the stele is carved with a curling dragon in cirrus clouds, which seems to be about to fly away in the sky. The stele is composed of four huge stones and is the largest stele in the entire forest of stele. There are three layers of stone platforms under the base of the monument, which are of special shape. The "romantic emperor" Tang Xuanzong was also good at calligraphy. The calligraphy on this stele is neat, clear, gorgeous and elegant, making it the best among the official scripts of the Tang Dynasty. Because this super huge monument in the forest of steles is too big, it has to be extended downwards, forming a square pit in the stele pavilion. It reaches the top of the pavilion upwards, making it appear to be upright and majestic. Therefore, it is called "the first stele to welcome guests" .
Now please follow me into the first showroom of the Forest of Steles. The "Kaicheng Stone Classic" written in regular script by Ai Youhui, Chen "" and others is exhibited here. "Kaicheng" means that it was engraved in the second year of Emperor Wenzong's founding of the Tang Dynasty, which was 837 AD. "Jing" refers to the classic works of Confucianism in ancient China. The "Kaicheng Stone Classic" includes 12 works. In addition to the "Book of Filial Piety", the "Book of Changes" speculates on natural and social changes in the form of gossip, which is an important material for the history of pre-Qin thought; the "Book of Songs" is China's earliest work compiled in the Spring and Autumn Period. A collection of poems; "Zhou Li", "Yili" and "Book of Rites" are a collection of pre-Qin regulations and social etiquette; "Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan", "Gongyang Zhuan" and "Gu Liang Zhuan" respectively draw from historical materials and Confucianism The earliest chronicle "Spring and Autumn" in my country is explained from the perspective of meaning; "The Analects" is a special collection of technical descriptions of Confucius' words and deeds; "Erya" is the earliest monograph in my country that explains the meaning of words. These are must-read books for literati in feudal society. Because engraving and printing were not common at that time, in order to avoid copying errors, Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty ordered them to be engraved on stone tablets and erected in the Imperial Academy, the highest institution in the country, for people to proofread. "Kaicheng Stone Sutra" consists of 114 double-sided stele stones, with a total of 228 sides and 650,152 words. In the Qing Dynasty, nine additional volumes of "Mencius" were engraved, collectively known as the Thirteen Classics. There have been seven stone carvings of scriptures organized in Chinese history, and only this one is the most complete. Coupled with the early date and the extremely high value of historical materials, people praised it as "the thickest and heaviest book in the world." Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum Guide Words 4
Hello everyone, I am your tour guide today. Now I will lead you to visit Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum.
Okay, where are you now? It is the Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum, which is known as the "Stone Library".
When you walk into the Xi'an Forest of Steles Stone Carving Art Museum, the first thing you see is the former site of the Xi'an Confucius Temple, which preserves the Taihe Yuanqi Square, Panchi, Lingxing Gate, Jimen and other Confucian temple buildings.
The Forest of Steles Museum is a typical traditional Chinese temple-style building complex. The first half of it was rebuilt from the Confucius Temple, and traces of the Confucius Temple can still be seen everywhere. Since ancient times, the Confucius Temple did not have a south gate, and the Limen Road opened on both sides. Therefore, the doors of the Confucius Temple are opened on the east and west sides. The west gate is called the Limen Gate and the east gate is called the Yi Road. When we walked in, we were greeted by the tall yet exquisite Taihe Yuanqifang. It was built with 400 taels of gold from the royal family during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. The outside of the wall was engraved with the words " The word "Confucius Temple". After a while we can see it when we leave the museum gate.
Okay, turn around and see the two semicircular pools in front of you, called "Panchi". "Pan" is three drops of water plus one and a half. Chinese characters pay attention to pictograms, and "pan" means half a pool. Confucius advocated endless learning, and knowledge is never full, just like this pool, which can never be completely round. In ancient times, only those who passed the scholar examination could walk on the small bridge in the middle of Panchi. Today we are all lucky enough to be scholars.
The gate you see when you walk through Panqiao is called Lingxing Gate. There is a unicorn on the top of the gate. In the Yuan Dynasty, there were two doors, but in the Qing Dynasty, it was changed to three doors. There are words engraved on the forehead of each door. On the forehead of the middle door is "Confucian Temple", that is, the Confucius Temple. On the forehead of the east door is "Morality Matches Heaven and Earth", and on the west door is "Daoguan Ancient and Modern". Lingxing is one of the twenty-eight constellations and is the god in charge of earth acquisition in mythology. In ancient times, when the emperor offered sacrifices to heaven, he first offered sacrifices to Lingxing and named the door Lingxing, which is a metaphor for offering sacrifices to Confucius like offering sacrifices to heaven. In the past, there were strict rules for entering and exiting these three gates. During the Confucius Memorial Ceremony, only the chief priests or the highest officials could enter and exit through the middle gate. General officials could go through the west gate, and the east gate was for staff to enter and exit. Everyone has come from afar to visit, so of course they are considered VIPs, so we entered from the middle door.
After passing the Lingxing Gate, people will find that there are also horse-tying posts in the Confucius Temple, but the horse-tying posts here are much larger than usual. In fact, this is a stone pillar-shaped Huabiao, which plays the role of guard and auspiciousness. The Panlong Huabiao in front of Tiananmen Gate in Beijing and in Qufu Temple in Shandong represent the highest level of Huabiao. The pair of Huabiao in the Forest of Steles in Xi'an are both octagonal stone pillars with a height of 445 cm and a circumference of 163 cm. They are also more eye-catching. A scene.
Daimen is located to the north of Lingxing Gate. It is an ancient building that was renovated many times after the Ming Dynasty. This was used in ancient Confucian temples to display weapons. The rooms on both sides were designed for Confucius worshipers to familiarize themselves with the rituals and tidy up their clothes.
The two points of the Confucius Temple, also called the East and West Verandas, refer to the small rooms opposite and on both sides of the main room. They are one of the indispensable buildings in the Confucius Temple and were built to commemorate the seventy-two disciples of Confucius.
Okay, I’ll stop here about the Confucius Temple. Now please follow me to see two national treasure-level cultural relics. They are the Tang Jingyun Bell and the Daxia Stone Horse, which are now standing on the left and right sides of the Jimen. Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum Guide 5
The fourth display is mainly composed of historical steles. These steles record the suffering life of Shaanxi people in the Ming and Qing dynasties and the historical facts of their rise to fight against the war. They also preserve geographical paintings, etc. Materials include "Huang Tingjian's Poetry Stele", "Tai Chi Complete Picture", "Dharma's Journey to the East", "Dharma Facing the Wall", "Collection of Characters Kuixing Doudou" and so on. "Collection of Characters Kui Xing Dou Diagram" was painted by Ma Dezhao, the inspector of Shaanxi Province in the Qing Dynasty. In the imperial examination in feudal society, scholars were selected based on five grades, and the first one in each case became "Kui". "Kui" is the first star in the Big Dipper, so in ancient times, many universities built Kuixing Tower to worship Kuixing in order to be nominated for the gold list. The image engraved on the stele is that of a ghost holding the word "Dou" with one leg raised, one foot independent of the word "AO", and one hand holding a brush to point at the word "Dou". During the Tang and Song Dynasties, there was a stone slab in front of the palace hall. The patterns of carved dragons and ao are used to represent the Jinshi who passed the exam standing at the foot of the steps to welcome the results, while the No. 1 scholar stood on top of the Aotou, which means "to be the best". At the same time, the "ghost" character is derived from the eight characters of Confucian cultivation, "Correct Mind and Self-cultivation" , consisting of "restraining oneself and restoring propriety", which means that only by working hard according to the Confucian standard of cultivation can one day get ahead.
Friends, due to time issues, you can freely visit the fifth and sixth exhibition halls. Now I will introduce to you the art of stone carving.
The group of stone sculptures you see next is the "Six Horses of Zhaoling". The Six Horses of Zhaoling were designed by Yan Liben, a famous painter of the Tang Dynasty, and were completed in the tenth year of the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty.
Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty personally wrote words of praise for each horse. Unfortunately, "Sa Lu Zi" and "Curly Horse Puppet" were stolen by American cultural relic dealers in 1914 and are now in the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania. The other four horses, "Tele Piao", "Green Eagle", "Shiva Chi" and "White Hog Crow", were also cut into pieces one night in 1918 and prepared to be packed and smuggled. Fortunately, they were intercepted, so We were lucky enough to see these four genuine horses. The four horses have experienced thousands of years of wind, frost, rain, and snow, and are both lifelike in form and spirit. They record not only the glory of history, but also the shame of history.
After visiting the mausoleum stone carvings, let’s take a look at the religious stone carvings. The opening of the Silk Road brought many new cultures, and Buddhism was also introduced to our country along the Silk Road, thus beginning a long stage of integration with traditional Chinese culture. The popularity of Buddhism in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the Sui and Tang Dynasties also promoted It reflects the continuous improvement of the artistic level of Buddhist statues. The last statue we saw was the statue of Laojun carved in the Tang Dynasty. It was carved from a single piece of white marble by An Lushan in order to please Xuanzong Li Longji in Fanyang, Youzhou. It is the largest white marble in my country so far. The statue was originally erected in the Laojun Hall of Huaqing Palace in Lishan Mountain. It is a Taoist statue worshiped in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The Laojun is wearing an open-collar Taoist robe, sitting upright on the stone platform, with a solemn and graceful expression, and a rich and peaceful face. The three-story base is engraved with deformed peonies and lotus patterns. The creation of the statue of Laojun not only met the needs of the ruler's political purposes, but also reflected the grand momentum of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Well, dear tourists, the visit to the Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum is over. If you are interested, you can also visit other inscriptions, but today's visit can bring you artistic enlightenment and knowledge gain.