What was the name of Emperor Taigaozu of the Qing Dynasty?
Nurhaci... What does "Huang Qing Gao Zu" mean?
To be precise, this is called the temple name. After the emperor died, he established a house in the Ancestral Temple to worship, such as Gao Zu, Taizong, etc. Temple names are the names honored by ancient Chinese emperors when they were enshrined in the Ancestral Temple after their death. It is generally believed that temple names originated from the Shang Dynasty, such as Taijia for Taizong, Taiwu for Zhongzong, and Wuding for Gaozong (it is possible that Chengtang It’s Taizu). Temple titles were initially very strict. According to the standard of "the ancestors have merit and the clan has virtues," the founding monarch is generally the ancestor and successor monarch who have the ability to govern the country. ("In ancient times, the name of the emperor's temple reflected the merits of the ancestors and the virtues of the clan. It started from the Three Dynasties and ended in the Han Dynasty. The name and reality are consistent, and it has been passed down from ancient times to modern times.") The system of temple names was inherited after the Han Dynasty. The Han Dynasty was extremely cautious about adding temple names, and many emperors did not have temple names because of this. Liu Bang was the founding monarch, his temple name was Taizu (but he was called Gaozu since Sima Qian, and later generations used it more often), and his posthumous title was Emperor Gao (there is no "Gao" in the posthumous law, so he was regarded as the Taizu of the Han Dynasty because of his highest merit. Specially named). The Han Dynasty emphasized governing the world with filial piety, so except for Liu Bang, the posthumous titles of the succeeding emperors all had the word "filial piety". All emperors of the Han Dynasty had posthumous titles, but very few had temple titles. In the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bang was Emperor Taizu Gao (the temple name was Liu Qishang, Emperor Xiaojing), Liu Heng was Taizong (the temple name was Liu Qishang, Emperor Xiaojing), Liu Che was Emperor Shizong Xiaowu (the temple name was Liu Xun, Emperor Xiaoxuan), and Liu Xun was Zhongzong Xiaoxuan. Emperor (Liu Xiu's temple name), Liu?#93; were Emperor Gaozong Xiaoyuan (Liu Qu's temple name), Liu Ao was the unified emperor Xiaocheng Emperor; Liu Xiu of the Eastern Han Dynasty was Emperor Guangwu (Xiaoming Emperor Liu Zhuang's temple name), Liu Zhuang was Emperor Xianzong Xiaoming (the temple name of Emperor Xiaozhang was Liu Jin), and Liu Jin was Emperor Suzong Xiaozhang (the temple name was Emperor Xiaohe Liu Zhao). In addition, there were several emperors in the Eastern Han Dynasty who had temple names: Liu Zhao was Emperor Mu Zongxiaohe, Liu You was Emperor Gongzong Xiaoan, Liu Bao was Emperor Jingzong Xiaoshun, and Liu Zhi was Emperor Weizong Xiaohuan. However, these temple names were canceled when Emperor Xiaoxian was established. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, temple names began to proliferate ("when it comes to the Cao family, there are many ancestral names"). In the Tang Dynasty, except for some fallen kings and short-lived emperors, they generally had temple names. Temple names often use the word "ancestral" or "ancestor". The founding emperor is generally called "Taizu" or "Gaozu", such as Han Taizu, Tang Gaozu, Song Taizu; subsequent emperors are generally called "Zong", such as Tang Taizong, Song Taizong, etc. But there are exceptions. The proliferation of "ancestors" began in Cao Wei. By the Sixteen Kingdoms period, almost all the emperors and temple names of small kingdoms such as Later Zhao, Former Yan, Later Qin, and Western Qin were called ancestors. When addressing someone, the temple name is often placed before the posthumous title, and together with the posthumous title, they form the full title of the deceased emperor. Traditionally, deceased emperors before the Tang Dynasty were generally given posthumous titles, such as Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, rather than temple names. After the Tang Dynasty, because the characters of the posthumous title were lengthened, they were renamed temple names, such as Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, Taizu of the Song Dynasty, etc. Generally speaking, the choice of temple names does not refer to the posthumous method, but it also has the meaning of praise and blame. Taizu and Gaozu founded the country, Shizu and Taizong carried it forward, Shizong, Gaozong, etc. all maintained the reputation of Cheng Lingzong. Renzong, Xuanzong, Shengzong, Xiaozong, Chengzong, Ruizong, etc. were all wise kings and wise masters. Zhongzong, Xianzong, etc. Zongdu is the master of ZTE. In addition, Zhezong, Xingzong, etc. were all good emperors who made a difference. Shenzong and Yingzong lacked merit, Dezong and Ningzong were too cowardly, Xuanzong, Zhenzong, Lizong, Daozong, etc. were mystical, Wenzong and Wuzong were both praised and criticized, Mu Zong and Jingzong had equal merits and demerits, Guangzong and Xizong were mediocre and decadent, Aizong and Sizong could only perish his country. Why was Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty given the posthumous title Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty after his death? Why not the Qing Emperor?
He founded the territory as his ancestor and defended it as his clan. Nurhachi expanded his territory from Zuowei to Manchuria (the Jurchen tribes in the Northeast), so he was posthumously named Taizu Emperor Gao. Huang Taiji defended the territory outside the pass and strengthened internal governance. He rarely performed martial arts to expand territory. , so he was posthumously named Emperor Taizong Wen, Fulin expanded the territory from Manchuria to Guannei, so he was posthumously named Emperor Shizuzhang, and Kangxi took control of Guannei Ping Sanfan to collect Taiwan, Dingnibuchu and destroy Galdan to expand the territory, so he was posthumously named Emperor Shengzuren. Subsequent emperors all enjoyed the inheritance of their ancestors, and the temple was named as their clan. Some people refer to the above four as the three ancestors of the former Qing Dynasty. Talking about Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang was posthumously named Taizu, and later Zhu Di was posthumously named Zu. For Zhu Di personally, he expanded the fiefdom of King Yan to the whole country, which was similar to the founding emperor. Because it was a family feud, the country's title was not changed, and Zhu Yuanzhang was still respected as Taizu. Zu, it can be seen that the founding emperors were all posthumously named Zu.
Some scholars say that Zhu Di changed his clan and proclaimed himself emperor, so he was posthumously named Zu. Let’s look at the posthumous titles of Song Taizu and Taizong. Zhao Kuangyin needless to say that the founding emperor must be posthumously named Zu. According to Zhu Di’s situation, why was Zhao Kuangyi posthumously named Taizong? It was because Zhu Di seized the land through bloodshed. Those who ascend to the throne of God seize the land to seize the throne. Although Zhao Kuangyi has changed his religion, he seizes the throne to seize the land, so he is posthumously named Taizong. Furthermore, Taizong of the Tang Dynasty also seized the throne and changed his clan, and was also posthumously named Taizong. It can be seen that the posthumous name of the temple has nothing to do with the change of religion, but is related to the place, and the place comes first. Why is Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty also called Taizu of the Han Dynasty?
Taizu is the temple name, and Emperor Gao is the honorific title. Because Sima Qian called him "Gaozu" in "Historical Records", later generations followed suit. Attached to "Historical Records: The Benji of Gaozu": All the ministers said: "Gaozu rose up in subtle ways, brought order to the troubled times, and pacified the world. He was the Taizu of the Han Dynasty and had the highest merit." His title was Emperor Gao. Why did the Qing Dynasty have three ancestors, Taizu, Shizu, Shengzu, and Taizong, while in other dynasties only the founding emperor was the ancestor?
There are no more than two factors. One is that all the civil servants are flattering him, and the other is that the foundation of the new emperor's succession is unstable and he needs to improve himself by raising his father's status.
There is nothing unusual about Taizu Taizong of the Qing Dynasty. The temple names of the first two emperors in the past dynasties should be arranged in this way, but it is just a matter of convention. When the Qing army entered the country during the Shunzhi Dynasty, the number of traitorous civilian officials in the DPRK increased significantly. These traitorous civilian officials who had newly defected to the Qing Dynasty had no military merits, so how could they rely on meritorious service? He could only work hard to flatter the Qing emperor. Therefore, the temple name of Shizu is nothing more than the masterpiece of traitors and civil servants and sycophants. He described the Shunzhi Dynasty's invasion of China as an unparalleled achievement that could surpass Taizong of the Qing Dynasty, in order to show his loyalty to the new dynasty. At the same time, Kangxi ascended the throne at an early age, and the Communists resisted the Manchu rule one after another. They raised the name of Shunzhi temple, which also meant to promote the Manchu rule as the orthodoxy of China. As for the temple name of the Holy Ancestor, it is also the work of a flatterer. Yongzheng was mean, suspicious, and ruthless. The flatterers could only try their best to flatter Emperor Yongzheng. Raising the temple title of Emperor Kangxi is nothing more than saying that Kangxi is a super sage, and Kangxi's selection of Yongzheng to succeed him is definitely an act of a super sage. In this way, if others question Yongzheng's throne, they are questioning the saintliness of the ancestor of Kangxi. Of course Yongzheng would be happy. Where did the name of the ancient emperor come from?
In addition to their own names, ancient emperors also had a reign name (chosen when they succeeded to the throne), a temple name, and a posthumous title (chosen by their successors after their death). 1. Reign name: It is considered to be the orthodox symbol of ancient Chinese emperors and represents the legitimacy of the regime. It is called "Feng Zhengshuo". In addition, in ancient times, there was no concept of the current year (such as 2013), so the most basic function of the era name was to be used as a chronology, such as the third year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. Later, the reign name also meant praying for blessings, singing praises and changing dynasties. 2. Posthumous title: After the death of ancient Chinese monarchs, princes, ministers, concubines and other people with a certain status, they were evaluated and praised based on their life deeds and moral cultivation, and a title with a kind and judgmental nature was given to them. . There are two main points in the posthumous law system: first, the posthumous title must be consistent with the person of the deceased; second, the posthumous title must be assessed and awarded by others after death. The posthumous title of the monarch is determined by the ceremonial officer and announced by the enthroned emperor. The posthumous title of the minister is given by the court. The posthumous title is judgmental and is equivalent to sealing the coffin. In ancient China, the title of the emperor was often associated with the year name, posthumous title and temple name. For example, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty was the temple name, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty was the posthumous title, and Emperor Qianlong was the reign name. Generally, the earliest emperors used more posthumous titles, and later temple titles were used more often. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the reign titles were often more popular. 3. Temple name: It is the name given to the emperor when he is enshrined in the temple. It originated from the Shang Dynasty, which valued sacrifice and worship. Temple names often use the word "ancestor" or "zong". The founding emperor is generally called "Taizu" or "Gaozu", such as Han Taizu, Tang Gaozu, Song Taizu; subsequent emperors are generally called "Zong", such as Tang Taizong, Song Taizong, etc.
The following lists some commonly used temple names and their meanings: Taizu and Gaozu are usually given to the founding emperors, such as Han Gaozu Liu Bang and Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin; Such as Liu Xiu, the founder of the Han Dynasty, Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, etc.; Shizong, Gaozong, etc. all maintained the reputation of being the leader; and Gaozong was generally the creator of the decline of the dynasty, such as Zhao Gou, Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, Hongli, Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty, etc. ; Renzong, Xuanzong, Shengzong, Xiaozong, Chengzong, Ruizong, etc. were all wise emperors; Zhongzong and Xianzong were all masters of Zhongxing; Zhezong, Xingzong, etc. were all good emperors who made achievements; Shenzong and Yingzong's achievements Insufficient; Dezong and Ningzong were too cowardly; Xuanzong, Zhenzong, Lizong, Daozong, etc. were mystical; Wenzong and Wuzong were praised and criticized; Mu Zong and Jingzong had equal merits and demerits; Guangzong and Xizong were mediocre and decadent; Aizong and Sizong could only Subjugation of the country. I hope the above answer can answer your questions. I hope you will adopt it. Thank you! Han Gaozu, Han Gaozu, Liu Bang was obviously the founding emperor, why not Taizu?
Taizu and Gaozu are both the temple names of the emperor. There is no rule that the temple name of the founding emperor must be Taizu.
Temple names are the names given to emperors in East Asia when they are enshrined in temples. They originated from the Shang Dynasty, which valued sacrifice and worship. After the death of some monarchs, they will have multiple temple names, and the temple names are not unique. This is caused by reasons such as pursuing honors and changing posthumous titles.
After the death of the emperor, he gave special names when he established a house and worshiped in the Ancestral Temple, such as: Taizu, Gaozu, Shizu, Shengzu, Taizong, Gaozong, Xianzong, Suzong, etc.
Taizu is the temple name of the founding emperor that has been used on a large scale since Liu Bang, Taizu of the Han Dynasty. Liu Bang's original temple name was "Gaozu". Later, after Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty came to the throne, Liu Bang regained the temple name "Taizu". , since then "Taizu" has become the customary temple name of the founding emperor. Among them, Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty Liu Yilong in the Southern and Northern Dynasties had the temple name Taizu, but he was not the founding emperor, which aroused discussion.
The temple name Gaozu is usually given to the founding emperors, such as Liu Bang, Li Yuan, Yang Jian, etc., especially Liu Bang, who is called Gaozu of the Han Dynasty. "The Detailed Explanation of Hanshu" records: "The state that matches the heaven and the earth is called Gaozu, and The honorific title is added to it, even though it is the Taizu Temple of Zhaomu, it is also the temple of Gaozu."
In other words, Liu Bang is both the emperor of the Han Dynasty and the Taizu of the Han Dynasty, and Taizu has the same meaning as Gaozu.
Extended information:
In history, the founding emperors with the temple name Gaozu include:
1. Liu Bang
Liu Bang (256 BC December 28 - June 1, 195 BC), courtesy name Ji, was born in Zhongyangli, Fengyi, Peijun (now Zhongyangli Street, Fengxian County, Jiangsu Province). An outstanding politician, strategist and military commander in Chinese history, the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty, one of the great pioneers of the Han nation and Han culture, and made outstanding contributions to the development of the Han nation and the unification of China.
He died in Chang'an in 195 BC. His posthumous title was Emperor Gao, his temple name was Taizu, and he was buried in Changling.
2. Li Yuan
Tang Gaozu Li Yuan (566-June 25, 635), named Shude, was born in Chengji, Longxi (now Qin'an County, Shaanxi). The founding emperor and military commander of the Tang Dynasty, he was the son of Duke Li Libang of the Tang Dynasty.
He died of illness in the ninth year of Zhenguan (635). His posthumous title was Emperor Taiwu, his temple name was Gaozu, and he was buried in Xianling. In the first year of Shangyuan (674), he was honored as Emperor Shenyao. In the thirteenth year of Tianbao (754 years), he was honored as Emperor Shenyao, Great Sage and Great Guangxiao.
3. Yang Jian
Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty Yang Jian (July 21, 541-August 13, 604), named Naluoyan, was born in Hongnong Huayin (now Huayin, Shaanxi Province). Yinshi) people.
The founding emperor of the Sui Dynasty (reigned from 581 to 604), the 14th grandson of Yang Zhen, the Taiwei of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the son of Yang Zhong, the Duke of the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
In the fourth year of Renshou (604), he died in Renshou Palace at the age of sixty-four. His temple name was Gaozu, his posthumous title was Emperor Wen, and he was buried in Tailing.