1. Chernobyl Nuclear Power Accident
Once the safest nuclear power plant in the world, a leak occurred on April 26, 1986. Chernobyl Reactor No. 4 was in mid-process During the baking experiment, a fire occurred, causing an explosion. The radiation produced by nuclear power was equivalent to a hundred times the atomic bomb of Hiroshima, Japan. More than 8 tons of radioactive material leaked, and the dust floated in the wind, bringing great pollution to Russia, Belarus and Ukraine.
Many fertile fields have been contaminated, and 2.5 million people in Ukraine have suffered from various diseases due to the sequelae of leaks from nuclear power plants. Among them are 473,000 children. The impact of this disaster on the natural environment will be at least 100 years, and the radioactive material will last for 100,000 years. The leakage of nuclear power plants caused losses of up to 10 billion US dollars to the former Soviet Union.
Two and Three Mile Island Nuclear Accident
This is the most serious nuclear accident in the United States. In the early morning of March 28, 1979, the Three Mile Nuclear Power Plant southeast of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA A radioactive material leak occurred in Reactor No. 2, causing nuclear contamination in the surrounding 80 kilometers. The cause of the accident was that a water pump tripped, causing the water supply to the secondary side of the steam generator to be interrupted.
3. Japan’s Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident
On April 3, 2011, cracks appeared in the building shell of the No. 2 reactor of Japan’s Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, which was the main cause of the leakage of a large amount of radioactive material. reason. The accident handling personnel at the time sealed the 20-centimeter crack with cement, but radioactive contaminants still leaked out. The reason is that the cement was washed away by a steady stream of sewage. The sewage discharged from the cracks was four times the safety standard. At first, the nuclear power plant staff hoped to use a glue-like substance to glue the cracks together. However, the sealing failed, resulting in the leakage of 7 tons of radioactive wastewater, and two employees were sprayed by nuclear power wastewater.
After the accident, TEPCO stated that it would be fully responsible for the nuclear leakage. In fact, the same safety accident occurred at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant as early as 1978, but it was not made public until 2007. After the accident, all personnel within 20 kilometers of the nuclear power plant were evacuated, and a lot of radioactive materials flowed into the Pacific Ocean, causing some fish to mutate and leave radioactive materials on their bodies.
Extended information:
The impact of nuclear radiation on people:
The general impact of nuclear leakage on people is manifested in nuclear radiation, also called radioactive substances. Radioactive materials can be inhaled through breathing and absorbed into the body through skin wounds and digestive tracts, causing internal radiation. γ radiation can penetrate a certain distance and be absorbed by the body, causing personnel to be harmed by external radiation.
When people are exposed to nuclear radiation, they will develop nausea and vomiting within a few hours, and then develop symptoms such as diarrhea, headache and fever. There may also be an asymptomatic period, but more severe symptoms will appear after a few weeks. In the case of larger doses of radiation, these symptoms may appear earlier. Half of healthy adults cannot withstand a radiation dose of 4 Gray. The amount of radiation used by humans during radiation therapy is approximately 1-7 Gray. But it's highly controllable, and it works on a small area.
The most dangerous thing about radiation is that it causes cancer. The rays cause cells not to become new cells, but to produce cancer cells continuously. Some radiation does not cause cancer, but it can change genes and cause it to be passed on to the next generation, causing acute or serious congenital diseases in newborn babies.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Chernobyl Accident
Baidu Encyclopedia - Three Mile Island Nuclear Accident
Baidu Encyclopedia - Fukushima Nuclear Accident
p>
Baidu Encyclopedia - Nuclear Radiation