Chang'an: Today is Xi'an, the capital of Shaanxi Province. After Liu Bang established the Han Dynasty, he named it Chang'an, which means "long-lasting peace and stability". After the fall of the Tang Dynasty, the name was changed, and in the Ming Dynasty it was officially named Xi'an.
Jiankang and Jianye: both are Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu Province today. Sun Quan built a stone city in Jiangdong and named it Jianye. After the unification of the Jin Dynasty, it was renamed Jianye. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, because the emperor's name was Sima Ye, Jianye was renamed Jiankang to avoid taboos.
Dadu: It was the capital of the Yuan Dynasty, today’s Beijing. In Mongolian, it is called Khanbali.
Yingtianfu: There are two places called Yingtianfu. A Shangqiu City, Henan Province. Before Zhao Kuangyin proclaimed himself emperor, he served as the governor of Guide and governed Songzhou (now Shangqiu). After the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty, it was renamed Yingtianfu, and was later promoted to Nanjing as the accompanying capital. It was here that Zhao Gao, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, ascended the throne. The other is Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu Province today. When the Red Turban Army rebelled at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang captured Jiqing (today's Nanjing) and renamed it Yingtianfu. Later it became the capital and accompanying capital of the Ming Dynasty.
Kaifeng: Today’s Kaifeng City, Henan Province. During the Warring States Period, it was called Daliang and was the capital of the Wei State. The Liang, Jin, Han and Zhou Dynasties of the Five Dynasties all used this as their capital or accompanying capital. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was used as the capital and was called Tokyo. In the early Ming Dynasty, it was used as the accompanying capital and was called Beijing. It is also known as Bianliang and Bianjing.