Henan Henan County, Shandong Dongping County, Shanxi Taiyuan County, Henan Henan County.
The Bi surname is the 125th surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.11% of the country's Han population.
The origin of "Bi"
The surname Bi (B? Bi) has three origins: 1. From the surname Ji, After Gao, the fifteenth son of King Wen of Zhou, he was named after the country. According to "Tongzhi? Clan Briefing" and "New Tang Book? Genealogy List of Prime Ministers", the fifteenth son of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty, Gao, was granted the title of Yubi (his former address was in the north of Chang'an and Xianyang cities in Shaanxi Province today), so it was called Bi Gonggao established Bi State. Bi Gonggao's son Bi Wanshi Jin was granted the title of Wei, and his descendants changed their surname to Wei, which became a famous surname in the Warring States Period. Those who still lived in the country of Bi took the country's surname and were called the Bi family, and it was passed down from generation to generation. 2. Changed from the surname Ren. According to "Shiben": "The surname was changed from Ren Ren." ?3. Change of surname from other ethnic groups and Bi surname among ethnic minorities.
The ancestor who got the surname
Bi Gonggao. A famous politician in the early Zhou Dynasty. As for the origin of the surname Bi, the results of research in ancient books about surnames have always been the same. For example, "A Study of Surnames" says: "The fifteenth son of King Wen of Zhou, Bi Gonggao, took the country as his surname and looked out of Hanoi. , Dongping, Taiyuan; "The Genealogy List of Prime Ministers in the Book of Tang" points out: "After Bi Gonggao"; "Wan Xing Tongpu" also records: "Zuo Zhuan" has Bi Wan, "Jin Yu" has Bi Yang ?. At the end of the Shang Dynasty, Gao, the fifteenth son of King Wen of Zhou, accompanied King Wu of Zhou to attack Zhou and made great military exploits. After the establishment of the Western Zhou Dynasty, he was responsible for handling the prisoners imprisoned by King Zhou of Shang. He adopted a lenient approach, vindicated many unjust sentences, and commended the heroes who had been harmed due to his direct remonstrance. As a result, he became famous and became one of the four saints on the first day of the Zhou Dynasty. Later, he was granted the title of Duke by King Wu of Zhou Dynasty. He is known as Bi Gonggao in the world. After the death of King Wu, he became one of the ministers of Gu Ming. Together with Zhou and Zhao Ergong, he assisted in the government, which made the Zhou Dynasty's economy and culture develop greatly and formed the prosperous era of "Cheng Kangzhi". One of his descendants took the country as their surname and called it Bi. They respect Bi Gonggao as the ancestor of those with the surname Bi.
Migration distribution
The Bi State more than 3,000 years ago was located to the north of Chang'an and Xianyang, Shaanxi Province. , which means that the north and south sides of the Wei River are the birthplaces of the Bi surname. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Bi Wan, a descendant of Bi Gonggao, was promoted to the Jin Dynasty and was granted the title of Wei due to his meritorious service. When his great-grandson Wei Wenhou came, the three families were divided into the Jin Dynasty, so some Bi's surname was changed to Wei. Even so, it is an indisputable fact that the Bi family has taken root in Shanxi at this time. During the Warring States Period, there was a Bi campaign in Teng State (today's Tengzhou, Shandong Province), indicating that the Bi surname had entered Shandong at this time.
In the pre-Qin period, the surname Bi mainly flourished in a large area north of the Yellow River in Henan and Shanxi. During the Western Han Dynasty, the South Vietnamese general Bi Qi surrendered to the Han Dynasty and was granted the title of Marquis. There is also Bi Yebai, a native of Zhuo (now Zhuozhou, Hebei Province). These historical facts show that the Bi surname has expanded to present-day Hebei in the north, and there are also people with the Bi surname in Guangxi in the south. At this time, a family named Bi moved to Dongping, Shandong Province, and multiplied to become a prominent local family.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Bi surname living in Dongping County became more and more prosperous. It can be said that the family has a large number of people and famous people emerge in large numbers. At this time, it can be seen in the history books that there are many fathers and sons of Bi people. , brothers, etc. who are related by blood. In addition, Taiyuan Junwang, Hanoi Junwang, and Henan Junwang with the Bi surname have become increasingly powerful. After the Lian family came out of the Northern Wei Dynasty and changed their surname to Bi, they moved to Luoyang, making Henan Junwang especially prosperous and covering Hanoi.
After the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, Bi Hong from Jingzhao (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) entered Shu, and a descendant of Bi Gou from Yanshi moved to Xuchang, Yunzhou (now Shandong Province). Dongping). At the end of the Tang Dynasty, to avoid the plundering of the Uighurs and the chaos of Huangchao, there were people with the surname Bi in the south and Lianghu area. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Shi'an, a native of Yunzhong in Daizhou (now Datong, Shanxi Province), settled in Zhengzhou, Henan Province because of his official career. His grandson Bi Liangshi first moved to Shangcai, Caizhou. After the disgrace of Jingkang, he fled to Jiangdong. At the same time, some people surnamed Bi moved to Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Anhui and other places because of their political career or seeking refuge. In the early Ming Dynasty, people with the Bi surname in Shanxi were one of the surnames of the people who migrated to Hongdong Dahuai tree in the Ming Dynasty. They were relocated to Shaanxi, Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin and other places.
After the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, people surnamed Bi from Henan and Shandong moved to the three northeastern provinces by sea, following the trend of entering Guandong. At this time, there were also people from the coastal areas who went to Taiwan, or to various places in Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States.
Today, the surname Bi is widely distributed across the country, especially in Shandong, Henan, Heilongjiang and other provinces. The Bi surname in the above three provinces accounts for about 10% of the Han population in the country. Seventy percent. The surname Bi is the 125th surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.11% of the country's Han population. The Bi surname is a common surname in today's books and is widely distributed, such as Beijing and Tianqing, Cangzhou, Shangyi, Huanghua, and Fuping in Hebei, Pingyi and Longkou in Shandong, Taiyuan in Shanxi, Jianli in Hubei, and Jin in Jiangxi They are found in Xi, Chongren, Tianlin in Guangxi, Wuchuan in Guangdong, Hekou in Yunnan, and Hejiang in Sichuan. The surname Bi accounts for about 0.11 of the Han population in the country, ranking 125th.