White fish [bái yú]
There are 16 species of white fish, which are unique to our country. Mainly distributed in northwest Yunnan and Qionghai, Sichuan. The distribution areas of these fishes are often relatively narrow, and often one species is only found in one lake or one reservoir.
Table of Contents
1 White Fish
1.1 Name
1.2 Nature and Flavor
1.3 Function and Indications
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2 Overview
3 Therapeutic value
4 White fish·Chinese medicinal materials
5 Fishing for white fish
5.1 Fishing tackle Combination
5.2 Bait combination
5.3 Fishing method
5.4 Precautions
1 White fish
Name release
It is Qiaoyu, which grows in rivers and lakes. They are white in color, have happy heads held high, and the larger ones are six or seven feet long. It tastes beautiful.
Nature and flavor
Sweet, neutral and non-toxic.
Effects and Indications
The function is to appetize and relieve qi, remove moisture, and make people fat and healthy. Helps the spleen, regulates the five internal organs, and regulates the twelve meridians. It treats deficiency of liver qi, nourishes the liver, ears, eyesight, lightens the body, makes people's skin moist, energetic, less likely to age, and helps the blood vessels. People suffering from boils and acne can promote their maturity and accelerate the discharge of pus after eating it. It is advisable to use fresh tempeh to make soup together. Although it can avoid the disease, don't eat too much. It is best not to eat fish that has been left overnight as it will cause cold pain in the abdomen. It can be eaten after being pickled or stored. Eating too much causes phlegm. Taking it with jujube will cause low back pain.
2 Overview
White fish is the top-quality fish outside the Great Wall, and it is not inferior to the famous fish in the south of the Yangtze River. The ones produced in the Songhua River are extremely plump, the big ones can weigh thirty or twenty pounds, and there is oil on the back. The produce from the Yangtze River is not fat. The ones produced in the north are not big, at most two or three pounds. It can be steamed, braised, smoked or pickled. To make smoked white fish, soak it in soy sauce and cooking wine, fry it and then smoke it. If you can get camphor wood or pine cone to smoke it, it will have a refreshing flavor. If it's winter, you can buy more and marinate it, apply fish paste on both sides of the fish, put it in a jar and seal it without deflation, and place it in a shady place. When eating, it can be fried or braised, and it is good to eat it cold or hot.
There is also white fish among seafood. Its scales are rich in oil. The scales are not removed when eating. The body is as thin as a knife, and the whole body is white. It is about 30 cm. It is delicious, but I don’t know its scientific name.
Alternative names of raw materials: cocked red fish, delicate fish, white flat fish, cocked white fish, yellow and white fish, cocked mouth
Ingredients classification: fish, shrimp, crab and shellfish
Edible Tip: About 100g each time
Recommended dishes: Steamed white fish, salmon belly, wine pot, sweet and sour fish sticks, white fish, wolfberry soup, hydrangea fish balls, pine nuts, whole fish on iron plate, fruity pineapple, conch, hollow fish balls, steamed White fish
Detailed introduction to white fish
Introduction to raw materials
White Fish (White Fish) belongs to the carp family and is commonly known as big white fish, cock-billed white fish, whitefish. The body is long, very flat on the side, straight on the back of the head, and bulging on the back of the head. The mouth is in a superior position, the lower jaw is thick and upturned, and the oral cleft is almost perpendicular to the long axis of the body. The eyes are large and located on the lower side of the head. The ends of the hypopharyngeal teeth are hook-shaped. There are ventral ribs from the base of the pelvic fin to the anus; there are strong and smooth hard spines on the back; the caudal fin is bifurcated, and the lower lobe is slightly longer than the upper lobe. The back of the body is slightly blue-gray, the sides are silvery white, and the fins are gray-black. It usually lives in the middle and upper layers of running water and large water bodies. It swims quickly, is good at jumping, and feeds on small fish. It is a ferocious fish. It can live in a water environment of 1 to 32 degrees Celsius and hunt and grow all year round. Females are 3 years old and males are 2 years old and mature. They lay eggs in June to July. The young fish like to live in the inshore waters of lakes or along the banks of rivers and bays with slow currents. Naturally distributed widely, it is a common freshwater fish in the waters of northern and southern my country.
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White fish
White fish grows quickly and is large, with the largest individual reaching 10 kilograms. Its meat is white and tender, and tastes delicious but not fishy. It has always been regarded as a delicacy. Originally a wild species, in recent years aquaculture workers have effectively solved the problems of artificial breeding of white fish, cultivation of seedlings and pellet feed for white fish, and have been able to carry out artificial breeding on a large scale. The scientific name is Qiaozui red and white fish. It is a ferocious fish and one of the main economic fish in Taihu Lake. Together with the "Three Treasures of Taihu Lake", it is called the "Four Treasures of Taihu Lake". Less thorns and more flesh, delicious taste and high nutritional value.
Nutritional analysis
In addition to being delicious, white fish also has high medicinal value. It has the functions of nourishing the kidneys and brain, resuscitating and diuretic.
Fish brain, in particular, is a rare and powerful tonic. Eating it for a long time has special effects on sexual function decline and disorders. [1]
Relevant groups
Can be consumed by everyone
1. Suitable for people with malnutrition, nephritis and edema, physical weakness after illness, and indigestion;
2. People with bronchial asthma, cancer patients, lupus erythematosus, urticaria, lymphatic tuberculosis and those with sores and boils should not eat.
Foods that conflict with each other
White fish should not be eaten with jujubes.
Production Instructions
It can be steamed or braised when eaten. Fish balls made from white fish will taste better and have always been favored by consumers.
Therapeutic effects
White fish meat is sweet and warm;
It has the effects of appetizing, strengthening the spleen, diuresis and eliminating edema; it can be used to treat weight loss and edema. , postpartum cramps.
Other related
White fish is the top-grade fish in Jilin. As the saying goes: "In March, peach blossoms bloom in the river, and the white fish comes out of the water fat and fresh."
"Yongji County Chronicle" records: "The name of white fish is 'Yubai' and 'Yuqiao'. The ones produced in Jilin are the thinnest, so they are also called white fish with fine scales and are tributes."
Du Fu, the poet saint of the Tang Dynasty, It is mentioned in the poem "Xia Pass": "I heard that Jiangling Prefecture, the clouds and sand are still and quiet. The white fish is like jade, regardless of money. There are trees in the lake far away from the water, where can people go to the boat now. The green mountains are in front of my eyes, but I can't see them. "In the middle of the gorge."
Yu Shen of the Tang Dynasty: Do not eat if you are sleeping in it, it will make your stomach cold. Eating too much clay human heart will make people suffer from various diseases.
"Rihuazi Materia Medica": People suffering from sores and boils should not eat them, as they may even cause pus. Yuan Wu Rui: Eating too much will produce phlegm, and eating it with jujube will cause low back pain.
"Suixiju Diet Spectrum": White fish, sweet and warm, can move water to help the spleen and expel pus in case of acne. Eating too much causes scabies, anger and phlegm.
"Dietotherapeutic Materia Medica": Helps spleen and digestion.
"Kaibao Materia Medica": It regulates stomach qi, appetizes food, removes water qi, and makes people fat and healthy.
3 Dietary value
The red meat of carps. Also known as white flat fish. Distributed in the main stems, tributaries and affiliated lakes of Heilongjiang, Yangtze River, Yellow River and Liaohe River in my country. After obtaining, remove gills, scales, internal organs, etc., wash and use fresh.
This product has a sweet taste and a neutral nature. "Dietotherapeutic Materia Medica" says: "It helps spleen and digestion." "Kaibao Materia Medica" says: "It regulates stomach qi, whets the appetite and feeds, removes qi, making people fat and healthy." Therefore, it is still beneficial to the spleen, appetizing, and removing water and dampness. product. The feeding method is the same as that of carp.
Placid nature and sweet taste.
Returns to the spleen, stomach and liver meridians.
Effects: appetizing, spleen-strengthening, digestion, diuretic.
Suitable for: malnutrition, nephritis and edema, physical weakness after illness, and indigestion.
Taboos: Bronchial asthma, cancer patients, lupus erythematosus, urticaria, lymphatic tuberculosis and boils patients should not eat.
4 White Fish·Chinese Medicinal Materials
Source
From 1. "Kaibao Materia Medica": White fish, big six to seven feet, white in color, head Ang, born in the rivers and lakes.
2. "Compendium": Quan has a narrow shape, a flat abdomen, thin scales, both head and tail pointing upward, and there are thin spines in the flesh. White fish is more edible than other fish, and it can also cause sores due to heat. It is said that it nourishes the liver and improves eyesight, regulates the five internal organs, and regulates the twelve meridians. I am afraid that these are also flattering words, but not enough to be believed. It should be noted in "Kai Bao" just.
The pinyin name is Bái Yú
The English name is Topmouth culter
Also known as tuna, trout and white flat fish
Source
Basic source of medicinal materials: It is the meat of cyprinid red turtle and red fin turtle.
Latin plant and animal mineral names: 1. Erythroculter ilishaeformis (Bleeker) 2. Culter erythropterus Basilewsky
Harvest and storage: Catch in spring and summer. After catching, remove gills and scales And offal, wash and use fresh.
Original form
1. The mouth is raised and red, the body is elongated and the sides are flat, the back of the head is almost straight, and the back is slightly raised. The body height is slightly equal to the head length. For individuals less than 200mm long, the head length is larger than the body height, and the opposite is true for individuals over 200mm long. The body length of 6-year-old winter fish can reach 615-648mm, and the weight can reach 2500-3500g. In the superior position of the mouth, the oral cleft extends below the vertical line of the front edge of the nostril. There are 3 rows of hypopharyngeal teeth, and the tips of the teeth are hook-shaped. The lower jaw is thick, sharply protruding and upturned.
The eyes are large and located on the side of the head. The gill rakers are slender, the front section of the lateral line is slightly curved ventrally, and the back section runs across the middle of the body side. Scales are small, lateral line scales are 83-93, mostly 86-90. The dorsal fins are 3 and 7, with strong and smooth hard spines. The distance from the origin of the pelvic fin to the center of the anal fin origin is almost equal to the snout end and the base of the caudal fin. Anal fin 3, 21-25, longer at base. The swim bladder has three chambers, the middle chamber is large and round. The back room is small. The abdominal membrane is silvery white, the back and upper sides of the body are grayish brown, the abdomen is silverywhite, and each fin is gray or even grayish black.
2. Red-finned bream, the body is slightly longer, the sides are flat, and the back of the head is obviously protruding, like a hunchback. The abdomen has ventral ribs from the pectoral fins to the anus. The head is medium large, the mouth is located upward, the cleft is almost vertical, and the lower jaw is protruding and upturned. The eyes are medium-sized and located high on the side of the head. There are 3 rows of hypopharyngeal teeth with sharp hook-shaped ends. Gill rakers 25-29. The scales are small, the lateral line is complete, and the lateral line scales are 60-69. The dorsal fin is between the pelvic and anal fins. The tail fin is forked. The back is blue-grey, the sides and abdomen are silver-white, the upper lobes of the dorsal fin and caudal fin are blue-gray, and the lower lobes of the pelvic fin, anal fin and caudal fin are orange-red.
Habitat distribution
Ecological environment: 1. It is a fish that lives in flowing water and large water bodies, usually in the middle and upper layers of the water body. It moves quickly, is good at jumping, and is ferocious. It mainly eats fish. Fish for food.
2. It is a middle-pelagic freshwater fish that inhabits open water bodies with many aquatic plants and mainly feeds on small fish.
Resource distribution: 1. It is one of the widespread fish species. It is distributed in the main stream of the Yangtze River from the Jinsha River to its mouth, Heilongjiang, Yellow River, Liaohe River and other main tributaries and affiliated lakes.
2. It is distributed in all major rivers across the country.
Chemical composition: Every 100g edible part of Qiaozui Hongqu contains 77g of water, 18.6g of protein, 4.6g of fat, 1g of ash; 37mg of calcium, 166mg of phosphorus, 1.1mg of iron, and 0.07 riboflavin. mg, nicotinic acid 1.3mg.
Nature and flavor are sweet; neutral in nature
Returns through the spleen; stomach meridian
Function: Appetizing and digestion; strengthening the spleen and promoting water circulation. Staple food accumulation cannot be resolved; edema
Usage and Dosage Oral administration: Cooked food, 100-250g.
People suffering from sores and boils should take it with caution.
Each school’s discussion
1. Meng Shen: The main liver family lacks Qi. Adjust the five stored qi and regulate the meridians.
2. "Dietotherapeutic Materia Medica": Helps the spleen, can digest food, regulates the twelve meridians and stretches the qi.
3. "Rihuazi Materia Medica": Helps the blood vessels, nourishes the liver and improves eyesight, prevents sores with moxibustion, and is a good food.
4. "Kaibao Materia Medica": regulates stomach qi, stimulates appetite, removes water qi, and makes people fat and healthy.
5. "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica": To treat carbuncles and scabies, eat it with garlic.
6. "Suixiju Diet Spectrum": The movement of water helps the spleen and eliminates acne and pus.
Excerpt from "Chinese Materia Medica"
5 Fishing Tackle Combinations
Fishing Tackle Combinations
1. Use thicker fishing gear to catch white fish. If the line is too thin, it will easily break when catching big fish, so it is ideal to use 10 to 12 pounds of nylon thread. The best fishing rod is a hard rod, and it is best to use a hard rod with a thicker tip and good elasticity. Use large long-handled Iseni hooks No. 10 to 12 for fishing. The hook line uses 0.4~0.5 mm diameter nylon line. Use a 25g sinker. It is best to use horizontal bleaching.
2. Throwing rod, reel, colored fishing line (it is best to choose colors that you can easily distinguish), and artificial bait. Lure fishing is a bionic bait fishing method, also called artificial bait fishing. It is a method of imitating weak creatures to trigger attacks by big fish. Fly fishing is a branch of lures.
Bait combination
1. The bait is mainly based on meat, such as earthworms, shrimps, silkworm pupae, zombie silkworms, pink moths, mole crickets, maggots, diced meat, rohan, and even No matter whether they are bumpkins or cockroaches. When threading the bait, the hook should not be inserted too deep. Just gently hang it on the soft spot between the back and the neck toward the back. If the hook is hung too deep, the insect will easily die.
2. Soft insect bait, composite rotating sequins, simulated fake bait, etc.
Fishing method
1. White fish can be fished using ordinary crucian carp fishing methods. Because white fish often come when fishing for crucian carp, looking at the fish stars, there are only two fish stars as big as 1 cent coins. Sometimes they hold the float and bite the bait hook before leaving. Sometimes, before the hook is lowered to the bottom, the fish bites the bait hook and remains motionless. This may mean that the white fish has taken the bait, and the rod must be lifted immediately. In addition, fishing methods include fishing mouth.
Because they often smack their lips in the aquatic grass at night to look for food. At this time, you can use a fishhook without a float, put the food on it, and gently place it in the smacking grass, and let the hook shake up and down, then they will act like it. It was a living creature that came and bit the bait hook. Often the rod tip is dragged upward and bent. At this time, the rod tip can be lowered, given a ride, so that the hook can further secure the fish's mouth, and then the rod can be lifted. You can also take advantage of the fact that white fish tend to gravitate toward weak light. You can set up a mast light at night and hook a short pole on the water surface under the mast light to lure many white fish to bite the hook.
You don’t need lead pendants and floats when fishing. You only need to hold the fishing rod in your hand and move it up and down to attract fish to eat the hook. When you feel the tip of the rod tremble slightly, it means that a fish has taken the hook. At this time, you should lift the rod immediately, catch the fish and slowly pull it ashore. Not only white fish can be caught with this method, but also catfish, herring, bream and mandarin fish.
2. Hang the fake bait on the reel of the lure rod, throw the fake bait into the water, and drive the fake bait to imitate the swimming of small fish or shrimp in the water surface by pulling the rod and reeling line. , to lure the white fish to bite. When the white fish bites, you will feel the pulling force of the white fish on your hands. At this time, you need to pull down the fishing rod with some force to ensure that the hook penetrates the fish's mouth and finally harvest the fish.
For specific fishing methods, please see Baidu’s "Luya Fishing Methods".
Notes
When there are a lot of worms and moths on the water surface, white fish will swim from the upper layer of the water to the surface to feed on small insects. In this case, small insects can be used as bait. The white fish feeds quickly, bites the bait hook and pulls it away, causing black drifts. Sometimes the bait hook is caught halfway before it hits the bottom, which reflects on the float and causes a horizontal float. These two floating states are good opportunities to lift the rod.
A simple classification of white fish for consumption: 1. River white 2. Lake white
According to the text above, we talk about white fish produced in rivers and white fish produced in lakes.
The meat of white fish produced in Jianghe is crispy and loose, and after steaming it becomes loose, with a texture like noodles
The meat of white fish produced in lakes is compact, and after steaming it resembles petals, with a delicate texture
Mishan City in Heilongjiang Province is adjacent to Russia, mainly Xingkai Lake, which is the hometown of lake fish and is rich in large white fish.
However, due to overfishing in recent years, there are almost no real white fish in the lake. The market price of white fish has climbed to 290 yuan per catty.
And you need to find a lot of connections to buy it. Therefore, the Mishan City Government changed the name of Baipaozi Township to Baiyu Bay in order to honor the white fish and its special effects.