Liu Chan (shàn).
Liu Chan (shàn) (207-271), Emperor Huai of the Shu Han Dynasty (reigned 223-263), also known as the later master. The courtesy name is Gongsi and the nickname is Adou. The son of Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of Shu Han, his mother was Queen Zhaolie Gan, the second emperor of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. Reigned for forty-one years.
Liu Chan was born in Jingzhou. He suffered many hardships when he was young. Fortunately, he was rescued twice by the general Zhao Yun. After Liu Bei settled in Yizhou, he entered Shu. After the establishment of the Shu Han Dynasty, he was established as the prince.
In the third year of Zhangwu of the Shu Han Dynasty (223 years), he succeeded to the throne as emperor, changed the Yuan Dynasty to Jianxing, worshiped Zhuge Liang as his prime minister, and supported his Northern Expedition. Later, he supported Jiang Wei's Northern Expedition. Later, he favored Huang Hao, which led to The Shu Han Dynasty gradually declined.
In the sixth year of Jingyao (263 years), Wei general Deng Ai entered from Yinping, defeated Mianzhu, killed Zhuge Zhan and his son, and Liu Chan surrendered.
After the fall of the Shu Han Dynasty, Liu Chan and some Shu Han ministers were moved to Luoyang and were named An Le Gong. They died in Luoyang in the seventh year of Taishi (271) of the Western Jin Dynasty at the age of 64. His posthumous title is Si Gong. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, after Liu Yuan's uprising, Liu Chan was posthumously named Emperor Xiaohuai.
Extended information:
The allusion of Liu Chan's "luckiness to miss Shu":
After Deng Ai destroyed the Shu Han, the successor Liu Chan still stayed in Chengdu. When Zhong Hui and Jiang Wei launched a mutiny, Sima Zhao felt that it was not appropriate for the emperor to stay in Chengdu, so he sent his confidant Jia Chong to take Liu Chan to Luoyang. Liu Chan was originally a mediocre and incompetent person.
When Zhuge Liang was alive, it was Zhuge Liang who was in charge of military and political affairs, and he did not dare to make his own decisions. After Zhuge Liang's death, although there were still some civil and military ministers such as Jiang Wan, Fei Yi, and Jiang Wei to assist him, after all, he was not as cautious as when Zhuge Liang was alive.
After Jiang Wan and Fei Yi died, the eunuch Huang Hao gained power, and the politics of Shu Han became worse and worse.
When the Shu Han Dynasty fell, Jiang Wei was killed, and the ministers died and left. The only people who accompanied him to Luoyang were the relatively low-status officials He Zheng (Que Zheng) and Liu Tong.
Liu Chan is ignorant and doesn’t know how to deal with people. He relies on He Zheng’s guidance for every move he makes. Normally, Liu Chan didn't take He Zheng seriously at all. Only then did he feel that He Zheng was a loyal person.
When Liu Chan arrived in Luoyang, Sima Zhao named him An Le Gong in the name of Emperor Wei Yuan. He also made more than 50 of his descendants and former Shu Han ministers marquis. Sima Zhao did this simply to win over people's hearts and stabilize his rule over the Shuhan region. But in Liu Chan's opinion, it was a great grace.
To express his gratitude, Liu Chan came to express his gratitude. Sima Zhao then held a banquet in honor of him and entertained him with singing and dancing. When the music of Shu was played, the old officials of Shu recited the sadness of losing their country and their family, and all of them burst into tears. But Liu Chan was indifferent and laughed calmly.
Seeing this, Sima Zhao asked Liu Chan: "Do you miss Shu?" Liu Chan replied: "This place is very happy, I don't miss Shu."
His old minister Gu Zheng heard this and quickly found an opportunity to whisper to him: "Your Majesty, if Sima Zhao asks you again later, you can answer with tears: 'The graves of our ancestors are far away. There is not a day that goes by that I don’t miss Shu!’ In this way, Sima Zhao can let His Majesty return to Shu.”
After hearing this, Liu Chan kept it in mind. When the wine was half drunk, Sima Zhao asked another question. Liu Chan quickly learned what Ke Zheng had taught him, but he was about to cry but had no tears. < /p>
Sima Zhao saw that Liu Chan was so honest and never doubted him again. Liu Chan spent the rest of his life happily in Luoyang, passing down this hilarious allusion of "not wanting to miss Shu"
Baidu Encyclopedia——Liu Chan