In the Tang Dynasty, the old name of Chang 'an was restored with the Sui system, and the architecture continued. The construction of Chang 'an City in Sui and Tang Dynasties began in the second year of Emperor Wen (AD 582) and ended in the fifth year of Yonghui in Tang Gaozong (AD 654), and Yan Lide built Luocheng, which lasted 72 years.
Chang 'an City in Tang Dynasty was not only the hub of domestic transportation, but also thousands of businessmen from western countries came to Chang 'an through the Silk Road. It was a famous international city in the world at that time.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Chang 'an experienced several wars, and "the palace was destroyed and bowed to ashes". However, a new city was built on the original site of Chang 'an City, and it was not moved until today's Xi 'an City.
In 880 AD, Huang Chao army conquered Tongguan, and Tang Xizong fled to Chengdu. After Huang Chao led the army into Chang 'an, he acceded to the throne in Chang 'an Daming Palace, and proclaimed himself emperor, with the title of Daqi. But not long after, the Tang Dynasty re-mobilized various military forces and besieged Chang 'an, and the Qi army was defeated and had to withdraw from Chang 'an.
Tang Zhaozong. God? In the first year (904), in order to meet the needs of military defense, Han Jian abandoned the dilapidated outer Guo Cheng and Miyagi and rebuilt the imperial city, which was called the "new city", namely Chang 'an in the Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties.
The rebuilt "new city" of Chang 'an is less than one-fifteenth of the original Chang 'an. After the shrinking of Chang 'an City, the original county governments of Chang 'an and Xianning have been separated from the new urban area, and then two other small towns have been built as county governments of the two counties. This juxtaposition of the three cities facilitated mutual unity in the war situation at that time.
In the Five Dynasties, Chang 'an was abandoned as the capital. After the unification of the Northern Song Dynasty, although Song Taizu proposed to move the capital to Chang 'an, it did not come true, but the name of Jingzhao in Chang 'an continued to be used.
5. Yuan 'an West Road
In the Yuan Dynasty, due to the reconstruction of the unified dynasty and the reopening of the Silk Road leading to Central and Western Asia, Chang 'an City developed because of its important geographical position and became a military center controlling the northwest and southwest. In the ninth year of Yuan Shizu Zhiyuan (1272), his third son Mangla was made king of Anxi, and the following year he was in the northeast of Chang 'an? Anxi Palace was built on the remaining vein of Hexi Longtou.
Kyle Polo, an Italian traveler, described in his travel notes that Beijing-Zhao Fucheng (Chang 'an City) was "prosperous in industry and commerce" and residents made "all kinds of gold, brocade, silk and silk" and "weapons". Everything necessary for life is found in the city, and its value is very low. Anxi Palace "Fiona Fang is about five miles", and its palaces are all decorated with gold paintings, which are magnificent, neatly arranged and rarely compared. It embodies the prosperity of Chang 'an in Yuan Dynasty and the magnificence of Anxi Palace. It is the last and most splendid palace built after the Three Palaces in Chang 'an in Tang Dynasty.
In the 16th year of Zhiyuan (1279), Jingzhaofu was changed to Anxi Road. During the first year of Qing Dynasty in Yuan Renzong (13 12), Anxi Road was changed to Fengyuan Road. Later, with the overthrow of the Yuan Dynasty, Anxi Palace was destroyed.
VI. Xi 'an in Ming and Qing Dynasties
In March of the second year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1369), after General Xu Da entered Fengyuan Road, it was renamed Anfu, and the name of Xi 'an began. In order to strengthen the control of the northwest and southwest, Zhu Yuanzhang also sealed his second son in Xi 'an, known as the King of Qin.
From the seventh year to the eleventh year of Hongwu (1374- 1378), Zhu Yuanzhang sent Pu Ying, the governor of An, to build An City. The location of Hanjian New Town remains unchanged on the west and south sides, and the north and east sides expand outward by about a quarter. Later, at the end of Chongzhen, Siguan City was built. This is the preserved city of Xi.
In A.D. 1644, Li Zicheng established political power in An, with a great title, but for a short time. By AD 1645, Li Zicheng was forced to give up Xi 'an and move to Xiangyang.