Around the first century BC, China was in a period of tripartite confrontation among Wei Shuwu, in which Wei occupied the north, Shu occupied the southwest and Wu occupied the south. On one occasion, the State of Wei sent an army to attack the State of Wu, which is located on the edge of the Yangtze River. Not long after, Wei Jun went to a place not far from Wu, set up a camp by the water, and waited for an opportunity to attack.
Zhou Yu, the marshal of the State of Wu, after studying the situation in Wei Jun, decided to use bows and arrows to defend the invading enemy. But how to make 1 thousand arrows necessary for combat in a relatively short time? According to the craftsmen of Wu at that time, it would take at least ten days to make so many arrows, which is obviously too long for Wu's defense.
Zhuge Liang, the strategist of Shu at that time, happened to visit Wu. Zhuge Liang is a very clever man, so Zhou Yu asked him how to make the needed arrow at the fastest speed. Zhuge Liang told Zhou Yu that three days would be enough. Everyone thinks Zhuge Liang is talking big, but Zhuge Liang has written a written military order, and if he can't finish the task by then, he will be beheaded. Zhuge Liang was in no hurry after accepting the task. He told Lu Su, the minister of Wu, that it was naturally impossible to make so many arrows by ordinary methods. Then Zhuge Liang asked Lu Su to prepare 2 boats for him, each with 3 sergeants. All the boats were covered with green cloth and covered with grass. Zhuge Liang repeatedly asked Lu Su to keep his plan secret. Lu Su prepared a boat and other necessary things for Zhuge Liang, but he didn't know the secret.
Zhuge Liang said that 1, arrows could be prepared in three days, but he didn't make any movement on the first day. The next day was the same. The third day was coming soon, and no arrows were seen. Everyone was worried about Zhuge Liang. If he didn't finish the task by then, Zhuge Liang would be dead. At midnight on the third day, Zhuge Liang quietly invited Lu Su to a boat. Lu Su asked, "What did you invite me for?" Zhuge Liang said, "Please come with me to get the arrow.". Lu Su was puzzled and asked, "Where can I get it?" Zhuge Liang smiled and said, "You will know when the time comes." So Zhuge Liang ordered twenty boats to be connected by long ropes and set out for Wei Jun's campsite.
that night, the fog was all over the sky, and the fog on the water was even more opaque. The bigger the fog, the more Zhuge Liang ordered the fleet to move forward quickly. When the fleet approached the Wei Jun camp, Zhuge Liang ordered the fleet to be lined up, and then ordered the sergeant to drum and shout on the ship. Lu Su was frightened and said to Zhuge Liang, "We only have 2 boats and more than 3 soldiers. If Wei soldiers call, we will die." Zhuge Liang smiled and said, "I'm sure Wei Bing won't send troops in the fog. Let's just drink in the boat."
Besides, in the Wei military camp, when he heard the cry of beating drums, Cao Cao, the commander in chief, quickly called the generals to discuss countermeasures. Finally, it was decided that because there was heavy fog on the Yangtze River and we didn't know the specific situation of the enemy, we sent water army archers to shoot at random to prevent the enemy from landing. So Wei Jun sent about 1, archers to the river, shooting arrows violently at places where there were shouts. For a moment, arrows flew like raindrops to Zhuge Liang's fleet, and in a short time, the straw handles of the hull were covered with arrows. At this time, Zhuge Liang ordered the fleet to turn around and face the side that was not hit by the arrow to Wei Jun, and soon it was also covered with arrows. Zhuge Liang estimated that the ship's arrows were almost pierced, so he ordered the fleet to return quickly, and then the fog gradually began to disperse. When Wei Jun found out what had happened in Chu, he was very remorseful.
When Zhuge Liang's fleet arrived at Wu Jun's camp, Zhou Yu, the commander in chief of the State of Wu, had sent 5 soldiers waiting to move the arrows. After counting, there were 1, arrows in the straw handles on board. Zhou Yu, the marshal of Wu, also had to admire Zhuge Liang's wisdom. How did Zhuge Liang know that there would be fog on the water that night? It turns out that he is good at observing the weather changes, and after careful calculation of the astronomical phenomena, he also draws the conclusion that there will be heavy fog on the water that night. In this way, Zhuge Liang used his wisdom to skillfully get 1 thousand arrows from the enemy.
The story of three visits to the thatched cottage
At the end of the Han Dynasty, when the Yellow Scarf happened, the world was in chaos. Cao Cao sat in the imperial court, Sun Quan enlisted troops in Soochow, and Liu Bei, an imperial clan of the Han Dynasty, listened to Xu Shu (a governor of the Three Kingdoms, who was famous for seeking land) and Si Mahui (a native of Yang Zhai in the Three Kingdoms, who was also a famous counselor) and said that Zhuge Liang was very knowledgeable and talented, just like Guan Yu and Guan Yu. It happened that Zhuge Liang went out that day, and Liu Bei had to turn back in disappointment. Soon, Liu Bei and Guan Yu and Zhang Fei braved the snowstorm to invite them for the second time. Unexpectedly, Zhuge Liang went out for a stroll again. Zhang Fei didn't want to come again. Seeing that Zhuge Liang was not at home, he urged him to go back. Liu Bei had to leave a letter expressing his admiration for Zhuge Liang and asking him to come out and help him save the country's dangerous situation.
after some time, Liu Bei ate vegetarian food for three days and was ready to invite Zhuge Liang again. Guan Yu said that Zhuge Liang may have a hollow reputation, but he may not have real talents, so there is no need to go. Zhang Fei, on the other hand, advocated that he should call alone, and if he didn't come, he would tie the ground with a rope. Liu Bei scolded Zhang Fei and visited Zhuge Liang with them for the third time. At that time, Zhuge Liang was sleeping. Liu Bei didn't dare to disturb him. He stood until Zhuge Liang woke up and sat down to talk to each other.
Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Bei was interested in doing things for the country and sincerely asked him for help, so he came out to help Liu Bei establish the Shuhan Dynasty.
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms called Liu Bei's three-time personal invitation to Zhuge Liang "three visits to the thatched cottage".
in Zhuge Liang's famous "model", there is also a saying that "the first emperor did not treat his ministers meanly, and he was wronged by his allegations, and he took care of his ministers in the grass." The sentence of. So when the world saw someone go to that person's home several times in a row to ask someone he admired to help him, he quoted this sentence to describe his desire and sincere mood. That is to say, I am not ashamed to ask questions, and I am humbly seeking talents.
The story of an empty city plan
Zhuge Liang stationed troops in Yangping and sent all his troops to attack
Wei Jun, leaving only a few old, weak and beaten soldiers in the city. Suddenly I heard that Sima Yi, the viceroy of Wei Jun, led 15, troops to attack the city. The
Ge, undaunted by danger, ordered the city gate to be opened wide and sent people to sweep it. Zhuge Liang himself boarded the tower and sat up to play the piano.
He was calm and the piano didn't sound chaotic. When Sima Yi came to the front of the city, he was suspicious of this situation. He was afraid that there was an ambush in the city, so he didn't
dare to trade and entered, so he ordered his withdrawal.
After the battle between Longzhong and Guandu, Liu Bei fled to Jingzhou and defected to Liu Biao. Liu Biao allocated some troops to him and let him stay in Xinye (now Xinye County, Henan Province).
Liu Bei is an ambitious man. Because his ambition has not been realized, he is always unhappy. He wants to find a good assistant. He found out that there was a famous man named Si Mahui in Xiangyang, so he went to visit him specially.
Si Mahui said, "There are Wolong and Feng Chu in this area. If you can invite one of them, you can pacify the world." Si Mahui told Liu Bei: The name of Wolong is Zhuge Liang, and the word is Kongming; Feng Chu's name is Pang Tong.
Xu Shu is also a local celebrity, because he heard that Liu Bei was recruiting talents, he came to him specially. Liu Bei was very happy, so he left Xu Shu as a counselor under his command. Xu Shu said, "I have an old friend, Zhu Gekongming. People call him Wolong. Would the general like to meet him?" After listening to Xu Shu's introduction, Liu Bei said, "Since you are so familiar with him, please come hard and invite him!" Xu Shu shook his head and said, "This can't be done. People like this must be invited by the general himself to show your sincerity. "
Liu Bei heard that Si Mahui and Xu Shu praised Zhuge Liang in this way. Knowing that Zhuge Liang must be a great talent, he took Guan Yu and Zhang Fei together to find Zhuge Liang in Longzhong. After three visits to the cottage, Zhuge Liang was finally moved by Liu Bei's sincerity and received Liu Bei in his own hut.
Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Bei was so open-minded to ask for advice, so he talked with Liu Bei heart to heart about his own ideas. He said: "Now Cao Cao has defeated Yuan Shao, with 1 million troops, and he is holding the son of heaven to give orders. We can't compete with him by force alone. Sun Quan has occupied Jiangdong area for three generations. Jiangdong has a dangerous terrain, and now the people have joined him, and a group of talented people are working for him. It seems that we can only unite with him and can't play his mind. "
Then, Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation of Jingzhou and Yizhou (now Sichuan, Yunnan and Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei and Guizhou), and thought that Jingzhou was a military important place, but Liu Biao could not keep this place. Yizhou has a fertile and vast land, which has always been called "Land of Abundance", but Liu Zhang, the owner there, is also a weak and incompetent person, and everyone is not satisfied with him.
Finally, he said, "The general is a descendant of the royal family and is famous all over the world. If you can occupy the places of Jingzhou and Yizhou, unite with Sun Quan and rectify the internal affairs at home, you can attack Cao Cao from Jingzhou and Yizhou once you have the opportunity. By then, who doesn't welcome the general? In this way, the achievements can be achieved and the Han Dynasty can be restored. "
after listening to Zhuge Liang's incisive and thorough analysis, Liu Bei's thoughts were suddenly enlightened. He felt that Zhuge Liang's talents were rare, so he earnestly asked Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain and help him complete the great cause of rejuvenating the Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang went out to assist Liu Bei.
Later, people called it "three visits to the thatched cottage" and Zhuge Liang's talk "Long Zhong Dui". (It is said that it is Xiangyang Longzhong, and it is also said that it is Nanyang. It is difficult to determine? )
Wuzhangyuan
Wuzhangyuan is located in Qishan County, Baoji City, 13 kilometers east of Xi 'an, 56 kilometers west of Baoji and 25 kilometers north of Qishan County. It is more than 2 meters high and covers an area of about 12 square kilometers. Wuzhangyuan is adjacent to Qipanshan Mountain in the south and Weihe River in the north. The situation is dangerous. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang stationed troops in Wuzhangyuan against Sima Yi, and later died of overwork, which made Wuzhangyuan famous in the world. It was Zhuge Liang's last battlefield during the Three Kingdoms period.
in a.d. 234, Zhuge Liang led his troops from Hanzhong, crossed the Qinling Mountains and entered Wuzhangyuan. I'm new here, and I'm short of food and grass. I'll settle the field first and train, and wait for Wei. Sima Yi, the general of Wei, knew Zhuge Liang's clever plan and stuck to it on the north bank of Weihe River, afraid to send troops rashly. The two sides were at loggerheads in Wuzhangyuan for a hundred days without fighting. Zhuge Liang had to lure Wei Bing into Hulugou to fight, and set fire to break Taniguchi, in order to defeat Wei Sima Yi unexpectedly, and Wei Jun survived. In the autumn of the same year, Zhuge Liang died in the army, and the Shu army was defeated. When Sima Yi entered the place where Zhuge Liang commanded the battle, he saw the danger of the Shu army's position and exclaimed, "The genius in the world is also." Later generations built a temple here in memory of Zhuge Liang.
according to local folklore, when Zhuge Liang died, a star fell from the sky, so it was named. In those days, the place where Zhuge Liang wasteland was called "Zhuge Tian". In those days, there were remnants of a half-meter-high city wall where Zhuge Liang set up a military tent to direct operations, which was about 25 meters long from north to south and nearly 1 meters wide from east to west. The local people named this small castle "Lost in the City". On the south side of the city of Huoluo, there is a flat stone with chessboard lines on it. It is said that Zhuge Liang played chess here in those days, so this mountain was named Qipanshan. In the soil of Wuzhangyuan, many "Zhuge pots" have been found, and the script of the official script of the Han Dynasty is cast on the iron pot. The five plains are now a farmland, and tourists always want to find the remains and rumors of the ancient battlefield. There is a river bend in the middle of the farmland, which is called Luoxing Bay locally, and the village in the bay is called Luoxingbao.
There is Zhuge Liang Temple at the northern end of Wuzhangyuan, which was founded in the early Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are pictures of stories of the Three Kingdoms on both sides of the memorial hall in the shrine, such as Gu Chenghui, Empty City Plan and Lu Bu in the Third World War. There are 4 bluestones embedded under the mural, and the stone carving Yue Fei's calligraphy "The Teacher's Watch" is vigorous and powerful. In front of the stone, there is a stone inscription by Zhu Yuanzhang, the great ancestor of Ming Dynasty, praising Yue Fei: "Pure and unpretentious, writing is like a person". (It is said that it is Xiangyang Longzhong, and it is also said that it is Nanyang. It is difficult to determine? )
On the hero of cooking wine:
This is a famous historical novel in China < < Romance of the Three Kingdoms > > A story told in the twenty-first chapter. At the end of the eastern Han dynasty, Cao Cao held the emperor to make the weather wait, and his power was great; Although Liu Bei is an uncle, he is weak. In order to prevent Cao Cao from murdering him, he had to grow vegetables in the backyard of his residence and water them himself, thinking that he was hiding his strength. Guan Yunchang and Zhang Feimeng were in the dark, saying that Liu Bei didn't pay attention to world affairs, but learned from villains. One day, while Liu Bei was watering vegetables, Cao Cao sent someone to invite Liu Bei, and Liu Bei had to go to the house to see Cao Cao with trepidation. Cao Cao quietly said to Liu Bei, "You did a great job at home!" The speaker is interested, but the listener is more concerned. This sentence scared Liu Bei to death, and Cao Cao said that it is not easy for you to learn to grow vegetables, which made Liu Bei feel a little relieved. Cao Cao said that only when he saw the plums on the branches in the garden were green, he remembered a past event (that is, "looking at the plums to quench his thirst"). Today, when he saw this plum, he couldn't help but admire it, just as the wine was being cooked, so he invited you to the kiosk for a while. Liu Bei was calm after hearing this. With Cao Cao, I came to the kiosk, where I saw that all kinds of wine vessels had been set up and green plums were placed on the plate, so I put the green plums in the wine bottle and cooked the wine. The two of them sat opposite each other and drank heartily. When the wine was half drunk, suddenly the clouds were overcast and the rain was coming. Cao Cao talked about the dragon's character, and compared the dragon to a contemporary hero. He asked Liu Bei, please tell me who the contemporary hero is. Liu Bei pretended to have no ambition and said a few people, all of which were denied by Cao Cao. Cao Cao was trying to inquire about Liu Bei's inner activities at this moment to see if he wanted to dominate the world, so he said, "A hero is ambitious, has a good plan in his belly, has the opportunity to hide the universe, and can control the aspirations of the world." Liu Bei asked, who can be a hero? Cao Cao said bluntly: there are only two heroes in the world today, you and me! Hearing this, Liu Bei was taken aback, and the chopsticks in his hand unconsciously fell to the ground. It happened that there was a sudden heavy rain and thunder. Liu Bei had a brainwave and calmly bent down to pick up chopsticks, saying that it was because he was afraid of thunder that he dropped them. Cao Cao said safely at this time, are men afraid of thunder? Liu Bei said, even saints will be rude to thunder and gale. Can I still be afraid? After such a cover-up, Liu Bei made Cao Cao think that he was a mediocre man with no ambition and cowardice, and Cao Cao never doubted Liu Bei again.