Dwelling in the Mountains in the Dark Autumn
(Tang Dynasty) Wang Wei
After the new rain in the empty mountains, autumn comes late.
The bright moon shines among the pines, and the clear spring flows upstream from the rocks.
The bamboo noise returns to Huan Nu, and the lotus moves off the fishing boat.
Let the spring fragrance rest at will, and the kings and grandsons can stay.
[Edit this paragraph] Word explanation
1. Ming: sunset, evening.
2. At will: at will.
3. Huannu: A girl who washes clothes. Huan: Wash.
4. Spring flowers break: The spring flowers have withered. Rest: wither, wither.
5. Wangsun: originally refers to the children of nobles, but later also refers to people who live in seclusion. Here it refers to the poet himself.
[Edit this paragraph] Translation
A rain has just passed, it is particularly clear in the deep mountains, and the weather is exceptionally cool in the autumn evening. The bright moonlight casts mottled shadows through the pine forest, and the clear spring water flows on the rocks.
The chatter and laughter of the laundry girl could be heard in the bamboo forest, the lotus pods were moving slightly, and the fishing boat was launching the net. Let the fragrance of spring disappear at any time, wanderers can linger in the autumn colors.
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciation
This poem describes the fresh, quiet, tranquil and beautiful dusk beauty of autumn in the mountains. The Wangchuan Villa where Wang Wei lives is at the foot of Zhongnan Mountain, so it is called Mountain Residence. After an autumn rain, the autumn mountains are washed, refreshing and pleasant. It was almost dusk, the sun was setting and the moon was rising. The pine forest was quiet and the stream was clear. Huan Nu returned and the fishing boat followed. Such a beautiful autumn scene, elegant and interesting, can make the princes and grandsons be intoxicated and forget the worldly things. This poem starts with the word "empty" and has a noble rhyme, setting an ethereal and pure tone for the whole poem. The whole poem combines movement and stillness, complementing each other and bringing out the best in each other. The moonlight shining on the pine forest is static, while the clear spring overflowing is dynamic. The first four sentences describe the tranquility of the evening scene in the autumn mountains, and the five or six sentences describe the noise of Huannu's fishing boat. The four couplets of the poem are about feeling, vision, hearing, and feelings respectively. They are interesting because of the images and emotional because of the scenery. There is another point worth noting: ancient literati often used Qingqiu to write about sadness, and this poem is a masterpiece of Qingqiu. "Additional Commentary on the Zhengsheng of Tang Poems" Guo Yun: "The color and rhyme are exquisite." "Explanation of Tang Poems": "Elegance and blandness are interesting." "Tang Poetry Ju": "You Cheng originally started from Gongli, and in his later years he added plainness, so "Detailed Explanation of Selected Tang Poems" Wang Yunyi said: "The first part is about the autumn scenery of living in the mountains, and the second part is about romance, and the intention of not wanting to be an official can be seen."
This famous poem about landscapes, The poet's noble feelings and pursuit of the ideal state are entrusted in the poetic and picturesque atmosphere. The two middle couplets of the poem both describe scenery, but each has its own emphasis. The chin couplet focuses on describing objects, and the fragrance of things makes clear the ambition; the neck couplet focuses on people, and the harmony of people and political affairs are seen. At the same time, the two complement each other. Spring water, green pines, green bamboos, and green lotus can be said to be the portrayal of the poet's noble sentiments and the environment for the poet's ideal state.
Since the poet is so noble, and he has found a satisfactory paradise in the seemingly "empty mountain", he can't help but say: "Let the spring fragrance rest at will, and the kings and grandchildren can stay!" Originally! , "The Songs of Chu: Recruiting Hermits" said: "When Wang Sunxi returns, he cannot stay in the mountains for long!" The poet's experience is exactly the opposite. He feels that "in the mountains" is better than "in the court", clean and simple, and can stay away from officialdom and keep clean, so he Decided to go into seclusion.
An important artistic technique of this poem is to use natural beauty to express the poet's personality beauty and the beauty of an ideal society. On the surface, this poem only uses the method of "fu" to model mountains and rivers, and to describe the scenery in detail and touchingly. In fact, the whole poem is a metaphor. The poet expresses his aspirations through the description of the landscape, which is rich in meaning and thought-provoking.
[Edit this paragraph] The artistic conception of poetry
After a new rain, the green mountains and green valleys become more and more quiet. As night falls, the cool breeze blows, making people feel more autumnal. The bright moonlight reflected the pine forest, and the spring water gurgled over the rocks. Bursts of joy and laughter came from the bamboo forest. It turned out to be the return of the laundry girls, the floating lotus leaves were the fishing boats going down the river. Although the fragrance of spring has long since passed away, I am intoxicated by the wonderful autumn colors and still yearn to stay.
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciation
Wang Wei's "Dwelling in the Mountains in the Twilight of Autumn" is one of the representative works of landscape pastoral poetry. It sings the love song of a hermit. The whole poem depicts the beautiful scenery of the mountain village in the evening after the autumn rain clears and the simple customs of the mountain villagers. It expresses the poet's attachment to the mountains, rivers and countryside, and his contentment with the seclusion life.
The first two sentences of the poem, "After the new rain in the empty mountains, the weather comes late in autumn" are the natural picture of the mountain village after the rain that the poet generously sketched. It's fresh, quiet, and far away as if it were now. The word "empty" renders the sky high, the clouds light, and the ethereal beauty of all things. How comfortable it is for the poet to live in seclusion here. Such a typical description of the landscape and pastoral environment reveals the poet's affection.
"The bright moon shines among the pines, and the clear spring flows up the rocks." The dusk scene, the first rain on the mountain, is quiet, leisurely, fresh and pleasant. After being washed by the rain, the pine forest is spotless and verdant; the rocks appear exceptionally crystal clear, new and bright; even the moonlight seems to have been washed, extremely bright and clear; streams of clear springs formed by mountain rain suddenly flow up the stairs. On the stone slabs, it winds down the mountain stream, emitting a clear and sweet singing, like a melodious "serenade". "Illumination" and "flow", one up and down, one still and one moving, there is movement in the stillness, and stillness in the movement, as if people can feel the pulse of nature beating. At this moment, the poet seems to feel that he has been cleansed. The beauty of nature and the beauty of his mood are completely integrated, creating a pure and beautiful poetic state that is as unstoppable as a water-moon mirror. This kind of Zen is unique to those who live in seclusion. Su Shi praised this couplet as a model of "painting in poetry".
Next, the poet switched from describing scenes to writing about people. In this landscape painting, the natural beauty of the mountain village and the beauty of the villagers' life are harmoniously blended. "The noise of the bamboo returns to Huan Nu, and the lotus moves down the fishing boat." These two sentences are both pictures of the activities of "Huan Nu" and "fisherman". The poet adopts the writing method of "hearing the voice before seeing the person". But isn't it? It's nighttime and it's blocked by the bamboo forest. How can we see the women returning from washing their clothes? However, in the bamboo sea, the women moved slowly and moved the green bamboo soaked in night dew, making a "rustling" sound, and accompanied by their silver bell-like laughter, the commotion of laughter and laughter was actually broken. Such a quiet night sky; then listen to the fluctuation of lotus leaves on the water surface, and the fishing boat goes down the river. This is the fisherman who wants to take advantage of the moonlight tonight to catch fish. The poet was moved by the scene, and his emotions arose spontaneously: The mountain people wore the moon to compose works, and they followed their instincts. Such hard-working, simple and cheerful characters were far clearer and purer than the officialdom. These details all convey that the poet not only loves the beauty of the scenery here, but also loves the beauty of the people here. This naturally provides a strong foundation for the conclusion.
The two sentences at the end of the couplet, "Let the spring fragrance rest at will, and the kings and grandchildren can stay here" are the poet's sentiments. Although the spring has passed, the autumn scenery is even better and I am willing to stay. Wangsun refers to the poet himself. This is the poet's use of the poetic meaning of "The Songs of Chu: Recruiting Hermits" "Wangsun Xi returns, he cannot stay in the mountains for long". It is said that the scenery of the mountain residence is particularly impressive. Just as the poet said in "Qingxi": "My mind is already idle, and the clear river is so calm." His joy in returning to nature, and his dislike of officialdom are evident in his words.
In short, this pastoral poem depicts mountains and rivers, fresh and tranquil. It embodies the poet's noble feelings and pursuit of ideals in the poetic and picturesque atmosphere. It is rich in meaning and thought-provoking.