Qin Shihuang (259 BC-2 BC10) was the first founding emperor of the Qin Dynasty to unify China. Later generations called it "an emperor through the ages." Last name won, Zheng Ming. Han nationality, the son of Wang Xiang in Qinzhuang, was born in Zhao, so his surname is Zhao. In the pre-Qin period, surnames were not uniform. Men said their surnames and women said their surnames, so Qin Shihuang was called Zhao Zheng. In 246 BC, Qin Shihuang 13 was king. In 238 BC, when Qin Shihuang was 22 years old, an adult coronation ceremony was held in the ancient capital Yongcheng. From then on, he officially ascended the throne, and at the age of 39, he completed the historic cause of reunifying China and proclaimed himself emperor. In the first 246 years, the King of Qin ascended the throne, and because he was young, he was in charge of the Empress Dowager and Prime Ministers Lv Buwei and Lao Ai. In the first 238 years (the ninth year of the King of Qin), the King of Qin ruled personally, getting rid of Lu, Mao and others, and reusing Lisi and Mao. From 230 BC to the first 22 1 year, the six countries of Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi were destroyed successively, thus completing the great cause of reunifying the whole country and establishing the first unified and unified Qin Dynasty. He believed that his contribution was better than that of the previous three emperors and five emperors, and he called himself the "emperor". He has done right and wrong all his life, and he is called "Qin Huang Hanwu" with Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty.
Life experiences of characters
According to Sima Qian's Biography of Historical Records of Lv Buwei, Qin Shihuang's mother was the daughter of general Zhao. Before she gave Qin Shihuang, she was a concubine. For political purposes, Lv Buwei gave Zhao Ji, who was pregnant, to an alien (that is, the king of Qin Zhuang). Later, Evonne became pregnant in1February and gave birth to a child, but in fact she was the illegitimate child of Lv Buwei and Evonne. According to the research results of modern medicine [source request], it is rare to be pregnant for twelve months; At the same time, menopause as a sign of pregnancy will also be suspected by strangers. So it is possible that Sima Qian made mistakes in Historical Records. ) Ying Zheng is an underrated son of protons. He spent his boyhood in Handan, the capital of Zhao. At this time, the aliens have returned to Qin through mediation and recognized Mrs. Huayang as their mother. After many political struggles, he finally won the trust of Huayang. Spent a lot of energy and money to take Evonne and her son back to Qin, and Ying Zheng started his political career in Qin king Palace.
ascend the throne
In the third year of King Xiang of Zhuang (247 BC), King Xiang of Zhuang died and became King Qin. When he acceded to the throne, because he was young, national politics was dominated by Prime Minister Lv Buwei, and Lv Buwei was honored as Guan Zhong. Lv Buwei not only controls the imperial court, but also has an affair with the Empress Dowager (Evonne). Seeing that Qin Shihuang was old and afraid of being discovered by him, he gave false eunuch Laoyi to the Queen Mother. As a result, the Queen Mother gave birth to two illegitimate children, and Laoyi, a false eunuch, assumed the title of Wangfu, made a long letter, owned Yang Shan, Taiyuan and other places, and collected his own henchmen. Laoai has been operating in Yongcheng for many years and has established a huge force.
In the first 238 years, Qin Shihuang held a coronation ceremony at Yongnian Palace in Yongcheng. Lao Ai used the decree to launch a rebellion and attack the Hall of Prayer for the New Year. Qin Shihuang had already arranged 3000 elite soldiers in the Prayer Palace to defeat the rebels. Lao Ai moved to Xianyang Palace, where there was already an army. Lao Ai fled alone and was arrested soon. Qin Shihuang dismembered Lao Ai's five horses and made them public. Put his mother Zhao Ji in the Luyang Palace in Yongcheng. Qin Shihuang then dismissed Lv Buwei and exiled Lv Buwei to Bashu.
Abolish the enfeoffment system nationwide and replace it with the county system; Under the direct control of the emperor, a whole set of bureaucracy was established from the central government to the counties. On the basis of the original laws and decrees of Qin, it absorbed some provisions of the laws of the six countries and formulated and promulgated unified laws. The nobles before the Six Kingdoms were moved to Guanzhong and Bashu to prevent their separatist activities. It also explicitly prohibits the collection of weapons by the people, destroys the confiscated weapons, and casts 12 gold men.
Later, although the nobles of the State of Qin listened to their words and issued an "expulsion order" to expel the diners from the six countries, they were discouraged by Li Si's "persuasion and expulsion" and later appointed Wei Liaozi, Li Si and others.
fleshpots
Shortly after Qin Shihuang ascended the throne, he began to send people to design and build the mausoleum of Qin Shihuang. After the unification of the six countries, the luxurious Epang Palace was built immediately, with a maximum of 720,000 workers (imaginary number means a large number).
Before Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, there were many palaces, but during the unification of the six countries, the construction was even bigger. Every time a country is destroyed, it is necessary to copy its palace buildings near Xianyang, and the total area has reached an amazing level. The whole Guanzhong area, from the north of Weihe River to the east of Yong Men, to the Jinghe area, is full of palaces.
After reunification, Epang Palace (also known as Gong Chao, formerly known as Epang Palace) was built on the south bank of Weihe River, and more than 700,000 migrant workers are employed every year. Although some people argue that these people are guilty, the proportion of 700 thousand is amazing compared with the national population of only 20 million at that time. The Forbidden City can hold100000 people, and it needs horses and chariots to transport food and wine inside. The area of only one vestibule is 693m from east to west, with a width of 116m from north to south, with a pedestal as high as11.65m and seating capacity of110,000 people. However, the archaeological team of Epang Palace, which was jointly formed by the Institute of Archaeology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Institute of Cultural Relics Protection and Archaeology of Xi City, found that Epang Palace was not built at all, and the foundation stone of this palace was laid only in the Qin Dynasty.
In addition, there are Xingle Palace and Liangshan Palace.
According to Three Ancient Stories, there are "145 Chinese and foreign temples" in the State of Qin. According to Records of the Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor, the State of Qin has "300 palaces inside Shanhaiguan, more than 400 outside Shanhaiguan", in addition to "within 200 Li of Xianyang" and "270 palaces".
Where there is a palace, there must be a beautiful woman. When the Six Kingdoms perished, beautiful women from all countries were plundered and put into the built palaces. According to Sanfu's old records, there are more than 10,000 women in the harem, and they are angry. Moreover, after the death of Qin Shihuang, most of these maids were forced to die.
Lishan Tomb was built when the King of Qin ascended the throne. It lasted for more than 30 years and was built by 700,000 workers every year. The tomb now preserved has a circumference of 2000 meters and a height of 55 meters. The interior decoration is extremely luxurious, the roof is cast in copper, the mercury is the rivers and lakes, and the organs are full. Moreover, after the mausoleum was created, the craftsmen who built it were still alive.